198 THE GORGONACEA COLLECTED BY DR WILLEY. 



Each branch bears at the apex two laterally placed polyps. 



The polyps are low and cylindrical in shape; they measure 1*5 mm. by 14 mm. 



The axis is horny, brown in the older parts, white at the apices. 



The coenenchyma is fairly thin and both it and the calyces are very rough, looking 

 "lumpy" owing to the projecting foliar expansions of the spicules. 



The operculum is low and conical. 



The spicules of the coenenchyma and polyps are alike ; they are slightly bent 

 spindles, with spiny warts along one side, and on the convex side at one end or 

 about the middle arise complex foliar prominences. They measure "51 x 18 mm., 

 •36 x -.33 mm., "42 x '14 mm.; the foliar expansion measures about 18 — "25 x 16 mm. 



The spicules of the collaret are curved spindles with a few spines; they measure 

 •27 x 034 mm. 



The opercular spicules are flat, spiny, more pointed at one end than the other; 

 they measure "30 x •054 mm. There are eight groups of three spicules. 



The spicules are all colourless. 



The coenenchyma and polyps are white. 



The spicules resemble closely in form and in size those of A. fruticosa, Germanos, 

 from Ternate, but that species is dark red in colour. 



But the polyp calyces are much larger than those of A. fruticosa, and the surface 

 of the colony is more closely crowded with prominences from the spicules, hence I have 

 suggested the name of Acamptogorgia tuberculata. 



Acanthogorgia spinosa, n. sp. (PI. XXII. Figs. 3 — 6.) 



There are four fragments, the largest of which measures 135 mm. long and is 

 evidently only the end of a branch. It bears three branches on one side of the axis, 

 at intervals of 20 and 35 mm., and one in a plane at right angles to the others at 

 a further interval of 46 mm. and within 35 mm. of the tip. 



Two of these branches bear each a small branch of the third order. 



The main branch measures 2 mm. in diameter at the lower end. 



The coenenchyma is thin and fairly smooth. 



The axis is horny and brown in colour. 



The polyps arise from all sides of the stem and branches, and are closely crowded 

 together. The apices of the branch and twigs are occupied by a polyp. 



In shape the polyps are elongated, cylindrical and somewhat expanded at the 

 summit. They are placed perpendicularly on the branches; they measure from 

 3 — 4 mm. in length, 9 mm. in breadth at the base, and 1"3 mm. across the crown. 

 The polyps are thickly crowded round the branches. 



The spicules of the coenenchyma are chiefly of the quadri-radiate type, measuring 

 •26 x - 16 mm., but longish spindles with small scattered spines, measuring - 7 x - 07 

 — 11 x - 01 mm. length by breadth, also occur. 



In the polyps the spicules form eight longitudinal rows ; each consists of two 

 sets of spicules arranged en chevron, which are continued to the bases of the 

 tentacles. 



At the top of these rows are the long bundles of spicules (each consisting of 



