Simpson — A Revision of the Gorgonellidae. 65 



Profunda-group. 

 This group is characterized by the enormous size of the spicules. The 

 two chief types which occur are : — 



(1) Double-clubs with almost hemispherical ends, and 



(2) Elongated double-clubs, which approach double-spindles and even 



spindles. 

 Four species may be recognized : — 



, 1. Scirpearia profunda Wright and Studer emend. 



2. Scirpcaiia hicksoni n. sp. 



3. Scirpearia verrucosa n. sp. 

 ■i. Scirpearia anovuda n. sp. 



The following differential diagnosis of the spicules of these four species 



may be useful : — 



Scirpearia profunda (emend.). 



In this species the spindle-type predominates over the elongated double- 

 club. The spindles are massive, very warty, and irregular in outline (fig. 27). 

 Typical measurements are 0"122 x 0057 ; 0'114 x 049 ; and a more slender 

 type 0106 x 0034; 009 x 0034. The double-clubs have almost hemispheri- 

 cal ends, and have practically no constriction, 0'084 x 0046 ; 008 x 0053. 



Scirpearia hicksoni n. sp. 

 The spicules of this species are very regular in outline ; they are covered 

 with slightly papillose warts ; and the elongated double-dubs have extremely 

 blunt ends Fig. 31). 



(1) double-clubs :— 008 x 005; 0-075 x 005. 



(2) Elongated double-clubs :— Oil x 0045; 0-085 x 0-035. 



Scirpearia verrucosa n. sp. 



In this species the spicules are very irregular in outline ; they arc 

 covered with long papillose warts, which are widely separated. The ends of 

 the elongated double-clubs and doulile-spindles are markedly ])oiiited, and 

 have the form of elongated cones (fig. 33). 



(1) Double-dubs:— 0-0!>5 x 005; 007 x 004. 



(2) Elongated double-clubs .—014 x 004; 0-11 x 002. 



Scirpearia anomala n. sp. 

 The spicules of this species aie not den.sdy covered with warts, and the 

 warts themselves are only slightly papillose. Tlie ends of the elongated 

 double-clubs and double-sjundlt's arc markedly conical (fig. 35). 

 (1) Double-dubs:— 0-061 x 0042; 006 x 0-04. 

 2) Elongated double-du 1 s .O'lo x 0-034; 0-095 x 0-046. 



