THE BEA-URCHIN8 SEA- CUCUMBERS, , 45 



of theeastern coasl of the Uuited S . Northern Europe, 

 and the Arctic Seas . common anion- rocks, rah. 

 from low-water mark to fifty or more fathoms. It < . 

 Is, and is also a Bcaven- 

 fceding on dead fish, 

 etc We have observ< d great 

 numbers of them assembled 

 in large groups, feeding on 

 fish offal, a few fathoms be- 

 low the surface, in a harbor 

 on the coasl of Labrador, 

 where fishing vessels were 

 anchored. 



On placing an Echinus in 

 sea- water the movements of 



the animal, especially its Fig 47 EWunaracnniiMparma.com- 



i_ f i ■ .• l ( ' l mon Sai I Natural i 



mode of draw mg itseli al 



by its numerous long tentacles, and how ii covers itself by 

 drawing together bits of sea-weed and gravel, may be ob- 

 served. It has button-shaped organs "f smell and tasl 



The shell con - f five double rows of limestone pi< 

 called ambulacral plates, which are perforated for the exit 

 of the tentacles or feet, which are like those of star-fish. 

 There are also live double rows of inter ambulacral 

 to which the spines are attached. The sand-cake urchin 

 (Fig. 4T) is very flat, with minute spin 



Class IV. — Holothi roidea . i 



General Characters of Holothurians. — We now coin. 

 I inoderms in which the body is usually long, cylindri- 

 cal, with a tendency to become worm-like. The skin is 

 not solid, and is muscular. Around the mouth are situated 

 the ten branched gills, while the feet are arranged in five 

 rows along the body. 



The trepang or beche-le-mer (Holothuria - < is col- 



lected i ii the .Moluccas and Australian - nd when <: 



