114 



ZOOLOGY. 



producing sickness, pain, and swelling in the part wounded, 

 the sting of the scorpion is seldom fatal. 



The little false-scorpions (Chelifer, Fig. 138) often occur 

 in books, under the bark of trees, and under stones. The 

 whip-scorpion is confined to warm countries; Thelyphonus 

 giganteus occurs in New Mexico and Mexico. Its abdo- 

 men ends in a long lash-like appendage. Its bite is poi- 

 sonous. The harvest-men, or daddy-long-legs, are common 



Fig. Lit.— Carolina Scorpion (Buthus 

 Carolinianus). Natural size. 



Fig. lZS.—Clielifer can- 

 croides. Magnified. 



in dark places about houses. They feed on plant-lice. Ou? 

 common species is Phalangium dorsatum. 



Order 3. Araneina. — The spiders are always recognizable 

 by their round abdomen, attached by a slender pedicel to 

 the head-thorax. They breathe, like the scorpions, both 

 by lungs as well as by tracheae, and the young resemble 

 the parents in having four pairs of feet. The man- 

 dibles end in hollow points, through which the poison 

 exudes, the two poison-glands being situated in the head. 



