THE ORTHOPTERA. 



117 



-, 



Onl> r 1. Thysanur . Hie Bpring-tails (Podura) and 

 Smynthurus (Fig. 140) ami bristle-tails (Lepisma) ari 

 amples of this order. The Podurans have a 

 peculiar forked appendage in tin- end of the 

 body, which is held in place by a hook; when 

 set free the spring darts backward, throwing 

 the minute insect high in the air. 



Order 2. Dermaptera. — The earwig (For- 

 firula) is the representative "1" this small 

 group, which is characterized by the small, 

 short, elytra-like fore wings, ami the larg 

 peculiar hind wings, while the body ends in a thu-nua. spring- 



' ... , J tail. Magxi 



forceps-like appendage. 



Order 3. Orthoptera. — Locusts, grasshoppers, cricki 



led Orthoptera -(straight-wings) from their nar- 

 row, straight, fore wings; the broad hinder pair being 



folded tan like under the fore pair. 



Man\ Orthoptera, as the crickets, green grasshoppi 



s'mty'l- 



I'm. Ml.— A Katydid-like form resemblii 



katydids (Fig. Ill), etc., ami locusts (Fig. L42), produce 



loud, shrill sounds. The sound is made in three ways, i.e., 

 first, by rubbing the base of one wii e r on the other 



(crickets and green grasshoppers); second, by rubbing the 



