132 



MODERN HORSE MANAGEMENT 



[chap. 



28. Oil of menthol. 



Menthol 1 dr. 



Lard 8 dr. 



Mix together and stir until fairly hard. 



29. Ointment of zinc. 



Zinc oxide 3 parts. 



Lard 17 parts. 



Melt together and stir until set. 



30. Tonic powder. 



Iron sulphate . . . .1 part. 

 Nux vomica, P. . . . .1 part. 



Soda bicarbonate . . .1 part. 



Mix together well. Give 1 dr. (teaspoonful) three 

 times a day on the food, for a week. 



31. Tonic powder. 



Nux vomica, P. . . . .4 parts. 



Iron sulphate . . . .4 parts. 



Nitre 1 part. 



Gentian P. .... 4 parts. 



Mix well. Give 2 dr. twice a day in the feed. 



32. Tonic powder. 



Tartar emetic .... I pari. 



Iron sulphate . . . .1 part. 



Aniseed P. . . . • ' i parts. 



Gentian P. . . . . IJ parts. 



Mix well. Give ^ oz. in feed once a day for a 

 week. 



510. IncompatibilUy uf Drugs. — In the past 

 .serious accidents have occurred through certain 

 drugs being mixed together that are not com- 

 patible. In some cases nothing vei-y serious 

 happens, but certain drugs when mixed together 

 explode, whilst others, though harmless them- 

 selves, become poisonous when mixed together. 



The following list is one of common drugs 

 that must not be mixed together : 



Drug 



Pot. chlorate 

 Pot. permang. 

 Silver nitrate 

 Pot. nitrate 



Arsenic 



All alkaloids, as 

 morphine, 

 strychnine, 

 atropine 



Acids, as hydro- 

 chloric 



Strong nitric and 

 sulphuric acid 



Must not be mixed 

 with!— 



Sulphur 

 Tannic acid 

 Sugar 



Glycerine 

 Pot. ferro- 

 cyanide 



Dry vegetable 



powders 

 All iodides 

 AU bromides 

 Caustic soda 

 Caustic potash 

 Pot. carbonate 

 Soda carbonate 

 Amni. carbonate 

 Alkalies, as 



caustic pot. or 



ammonia 

 With almost 

 anytliing 



Result 



Explosion. 



Insoluble, there- 

 fore poisoning 

 is very likely 

 to occur. 



Will neutralise 

 one another. 



Convert the sub- 

 stance into 

 something else 



511. Antidotes to Poisons. — When a horse is 

 poisoned, action must be taken immediately. If 

 possible, it must be ascertained what kind of 

 poisoning the horse is suffering from. The 

 poison must be expelled as soon as possible from 

 the system by purgatives, diuretics and diaphor- 

 etics. It is not possible to make a horse vomit, 

 so emetics (as apomorphine) must not be used. 

 The poison must also, if possible, be chemically 

 changed to an insoluble or inert substance. The 

 inflammation (high temperature) must be sub- 

 dued by sedatives and antiphlogistics. The 

 internal irritation must be eased by demulcents. 

 Stimulants must be given to counteract narcotic 

 and hypnotic effects. Tonics and careful dieting 

 must be resorted to to restore the tone of the 

 system. 



The following antidotes are recommended for 

 the more common forms of poisoning. The anti- 

 dote is always given in a dose far larger than the 

 normal dose for that drug. In very bad cases 

 five to six times the normal dose can be given 

 with safety. 



512. Poisons and thrir Antidotes. 



Poison 



Acid, carbolic 

 Acid, mineral 



Acid, nitric and 



OXALIC 



Aconite 

 Alkaloids 



Ammonia 

 Antimony 



Arnica 

 Arsenic 



Atropin 

 Belladonna or 



Atropin 

 Cantharides 

 Carbonic acid 



(carbon dioxide) 

 Chlorine oas or 



chorinated lime 

 Chloroform 



Copper salts 



Antidot« 



Turps, soda sulphate, castor oil, 

 strong tea, and coffee. 



Water (except for sulphuric), 

 chalk, soap, magnesia, fol- 

 lowed by demulcents, seda- 

 tives, and tonics. 



Magnesium or calcium cai'bon- 

 ates, followed by demulcents, 

 sedatives, and tonics. 



External and internal stimulants. 



Animal carbon (charcoal), caf- 

 fein citrate (hyp.), ether, and 

 diflusil)le stimulants. 



Vinegar, oils and demulcents. 



Tannic acid, oil purgatives, and 

 sedatives. 



Opium (morphine). 



Iron carbonate, iron sesquioxide 

 (FcjOg), lime-water, vegetable 

 tonics ; raw eggs and gruel 

 every i hour. 



(See " Belladonna.") 



Opium and calTein G'yP-)- 



Opium ; do not give oils. 



l''rcsh air, oxygen, cold effusions, 

 and diffusible stimulants. 



Wliite of egg, milk, (lour, am- 

 monia, magnesia. Not acids. 



Dilute hydrocyanic acid, amyl 

 nitrite, strychnine, artificial 

 respiration, and electricity. 



Soap, metallic iron, oil purga- 

 tives, annnonia, tienuilcents ; 

 raw eggs and gruel every 

 \ hour. 



