136 



MODERN HORSE MANAGEMENT 



[chap. 



aiitipyrin, ammonium acetate, camphor, digitalis, 

 mercury subchloride, magnesium sulphate, pilo- 

 carpine, pot. nitrate, quinine sulphate, soda 

 bicarbonate, soda carbonate. 

 Antirheumatics : drugs that relieve rheumatism, 

 e.g. soda bicarbonate, soda carbonate, soda 

 salicylate. 

 Antiseptics. (See Sees. 798-801.) 

 Antispasmodics : drugs that prevent or allay mus- 

 cular spasms, e.g. ammonia, belladonna, asafoe- 

 tida, bromides, camphor, cannabis indica, physo- 

 stigmine, spirits ether nitrate, turps, zinc sul- 

 phate. 



Antitympanitics : drugs that reduce or prevent 

 tympanites, e.g. ammonia, ammonium carbon- 

 ate, carbon, turps, asafoetida. 



A. P. : active principle. 



Aperients : drugs that cause gentle purging. (See 

 " Laxatives.") 



Aphrodisiacs : drugs that excite the venereal appe- 

 tite, e.g., belladonna, camphor, cannabis indica, 

 iron perchloride, phosphorus, blood and nerve 

 tonics. 



Aromatics : drugs that counteract griping from 

 acrid drugs. (See " Stimulants — Stomachic") 



Artery : a vessel through which blood passes from 

 the heart to the body. 



Articular : pertaining to a joint. 



Aseptic : free from septic material. 



Asphyxia : suffocation, deficiency of oxygen in the 

 blood. 



Astringents : drugs that retract tissues, coagulate 

 blood, and check secretions, e.g. mineral — alum, 

 borax, dilute mineral acids, and metallic salts ; 

 vegetable — acid acetic, acid tannic, acid carbolic, 

 catechu, cinchona, ergot, opium, turps. 



Atrophy : a wasting of a part. 



Auscultation : the act of listening for sounds within 

 the body, chiefly of the lungs, heart, and womb. 



Bacillus (plural, bacilli) : a rod-shaped micro- 

 organism. 



Bacterium (plural, bacteria) : vegetable micro- 

 organism. 



Bars of mouth : that part of the gums between the 

 Incisors and the molars of the horse. 



Bile : gall, a greenish-yellow substance secreted by 

 the liver. 



B.P. : British Pharmacopoeia. 



Brushing : the act of a horse brushing one leg 

 against another while in motion. 



Calculi : plural of calculus ; an abnormal con- 

 cretion within the animal body, usually com- 

 posed of mineral salts. 



Cancer : a malignant tumour, chiefly of epithelial 

 cells. 



Cannula : a tube for insertion into the body. 



Capillary : a minute vessel that connects an arteriole 

 to a venule. 



Caput : the head or head-like structure. 



Caries : the molecular decay or death of a bone. 



Carminatives : drugs that relieve flatulence and 

 assuage pain. (See " Stimulants — Stomachic") 



Cartilage : gristle, a white elastic or inelastic sub- 

 stance. 



C.VTHARTics : drugs that increase peristaltic action. 



(See " Laxatives," " Drastics," " Cholagogues," 



" Hydragogues.") 

 Catheter : a tube for discharging fluids from a 



cavity in the body, usually that of the 



bladder. 

 Caustics : drugs that destroy tissue, e.g. strong 



acids, silver nitrate, creosote, copper sulphate, 



iron perchloride, mercui-y perchloride, iodine, 



potash, zinc sulphate. 

 Cholagogues : drugs that stimulate the secretion of 



bile from the liver, and cause purging, e.g. aloes, 



mercury perchloride, mercury subchloride, podo- 



phyllin, soda salicylate. 

 Chronic : long-continued ; not acute. 

 Clyster : an enema ; an injection into the rectum. 

 Concave : presenting a depressed or hollow surface. 

 Condyle : a rounded eminence at the articular end 



of a bone. 

 Congestion : abnormal accumulation of blood in a 



part. 

 Contagion : the communication of disease by 



mediate or immediate contact, or by efiluvia. 

 Contagious : propagated by contagion. 

 Convex : having a rounded and somewhat elevated 



surface. 

 Convexity : a convex prominence on a bone. 

 Convulsion : a violent involuntary contraction of a 



voluntary muscle. 

 Corrosives. (See " Caustics.") 

 Cotyloid cavity : a cup-shaped cavity. 

 Counter-irritants : drugs that irritate and stimu- 

 late the skin, and thus relieve internal pain and 



inflammation. (See " Vesicants," " Rubefacients," 



" Pustulants," " Derivatives.") 

 Crest : the top of the horse's neck, where the mane 



gTOWS. 



Deciduous : temporary. 



Decoction : a medicine or liquid prepared by boiling. 



Defecation : the discharge of fxces from the bowels. 



Demulcents : drugs that soothe, soften and protect 

 mucous membrane, e.g. glycerine, gum, oil. 



Deodorisers : drugs that absorb or decompose foetid 

 eflluvia. (See "Antiseptics," "Disinfectants.") 



Derivatives : drugs that stimulate certain parts of 

 the body to relieve others. (See " Counter-irri- 

 tants," '• Stimulants — External.") 



Desiccants : drugs that dry up discharge from 

 wounds and abscesses, e.g. alum, bismuth sub- 

 nitrate, borax, chalk, chloride of lime, lime- 

 water, catechu, carbon. Fuller's earth, French 

 chalk, mercury perchloride, magnesia, lead sub- 

 acetate, alcohol, zinc sulphate. 



Detergents : drugs that cleanse sluggish wounds, 

 etc, e.g. borax, caustic potash, soap solution. 



Diagnosis : the art of distinguishing one disease 

 from another. 



Diaphoretics : drugs that increase the exhalation of 

 the skin, e.g. ether, spirits ether nitrate, ammo- 

 nium salts, anlifebrin, arnica, belladonna, cam- 

 phor, mercury subchloride, pUocarpine. pot. 

 nitrate, alcohol, sulphur, turps, veratrine, friction, 

 warm clothing, hot applications. 



Diaphysis : the shaft of a long bone. 



