138 



MODERN HORSE MANAGEMENT 



[chap. 



Idiopathic : self-originated ; neither sympathetic 

 nor traumatic. 



Immune : protected against a disease. 



Incubation : the period between the implanting of 

 a disease and its manifestation. 



Inert : inactive ; unable to produce disease. 



Infection : the communication of disease by cfTluvia 

 or contact, mediate or immediate. 



Inflammation : the condition into which tissues 

 enter as a reaction to irritation. 



Infusion : the extraction of the active principle of 

 a substance by the agency of a liquid without 

 actually boiling. 



Inoculation : the insertion of a virus into tissue in 

 order to produce a disease. 



Insecticides : drugs that kill insects, e.g. carbolic 

 acid, tannic acid, sulphurous acid, arsenic, cam- 

 phor, chloroform, creolin, iron perchloride, iodo- 

 form, iodine, mercury ammoniate, mercury per- 

 chloride, naphthol, petroleum, turpentine. 



Interdental space : the space on the gums between 

 the incisors and the molars of the horse's mouth. 



Irritants : drugs that stimulate, irritate, and cause 

 inflammation of the part. (See " Stimulants," 

 " Rubefacients," " Vesicants.") 



Karyokinesis : the changes and division of the 

 nucleus prior to binary fission in the dividing 

 of a cell. 



Lamin/E (of a foot) : the plate-like projections of horn 

 that join the horny \vall to the sensitive wall 

 in a horse's foot. 



Laxatives : drugs that produce gentle purging, e.g. 

 green foods, aloes, magnesia, magnesium sulphate, 

 mashes, linseed oil, podophyllin, roots, sulphur. 



Lesion : a hurt, wound, or local degeneration. 



Leucocyte: a white blood corpuscle, lymph cor- 

 puscle, pus corpuscle, or any colourless amoeboid 

 cell-mass. 



Maceration : the softening of a solid by soaking. 



Malignant : virulent, and tending to go from bad 

 to worse. 



Meatus : a passage or opening. 



Membrana nictitans : nictitating membrane, the 

 " third " eyelid of a horse, that part which is 

 exposed when the eyelid is inverted during ex- 

 amination for fever. 



Micro-organisms : minute vegetable and animal 

 organisms. 



Microscope : an instrument which magnifies minute 

 objects for visual inspection. 



Micturate: to pass urine. 



Morbid : diseased. 



ISIuciLAGE : a gummy or dextrinous substance used 

 as a vehicle in pharmacy and as a demulcent in 

 therapy. 



Mucous membrane : an epithelial membrane that 

 lines the canals and cavities which communicate 

 wilh the external air. 



Mucus : the viscid watery secretion of the mucous 

 glands. 



Muscle: an organ which, by contraction, produces 

 the movements of an animal organism ; flesh. 



Mydriatics : drugs that dilate the pupU of the eye, 

 e.g. belladonna or atropin, cocaine, caffein. 



Myositics : drugs that contract the pupil of the eye, 

 e.g. cannabis indica, opium or morphine, physo- 

 stigmine or eserine. 



Narcotics : drugs that produce stupor and sleep, 

 allay pain, and subdue irritation, e.g. aconite, 

 dil. hydrocyanic acid, ether, amyl nitrite, bella- 

 donna, bromides, camphor, cannabis indica, 

 chloral hydrate, chloroform, digitalis, opium or 

 morphine. 



Nausea : sickness of the stomach. 



Nauseants : drugs that excite nausea (used in cases 

 of excitement), e.g. aconite, dil. hydrochloric 

 acid, aloes, podophyllin. 



Necrosis : the molecular or non-molecular death of 

 a tissue (generally refers to a bone). 



Neurectomy : the excision of a part of a nerve. 



Neurotomy : the dissection or anatomy of the 

 nerves. 



Nutritives : drugs that assist in building up the 

 tissues of the body, e.g. albumin, glycerine, oil, 

 milk, malt, white of egg, eggs. 



OiDEMA : swelling due to the effusion of watery fluid 

 into the connective tissue. 



CEdematous : pertaining to, or affected by, oedema. 



CEstrum : the period of being in season ; the crisis 

 of venereal excitement. 



Organic : pertaining to an organ ; pertaining to 

 substances derived from living organisms. 



Osmosis : the passage of a fluid through a mem- 

 brane. 



Ossification : conversion into, or formation of, 

 bone. 



Ossified tissue : one that has become bone. 



P. : powder, pulvis. 



Paraffin oil : coal oil. 



Parasiticides : drugs tliat destroy parasites. (See 

 " Anthelmintics," " Insecticides.") 



Parturients. (See " Ecbolics.") 



Parturition : the act or process of giving birth to 

 the young. 



Passaging a horse : the act of causing a horse to 

 move in a lateral dircclion by crossing its legs. 



Pathogenic : disease-producing. 



Pathology : the science of disease. 



Pelvic cavity : that portion of the body, situated 

 posteriorly to the abdomen, which contains the 

 bladder and rectum, and vagina in the mare, 

 and through which the foetus passes at birth. 



Peptics. (See " Stimulants — Stomachic") 



Percussion : the act of striking a part to aid in 

 diagnosing. 



Period of incubation. (.See " Incubation.") 



Periople : the epithelial covering which surrounds 

 the wall of the hoof, and which should never be 

 touched by the farrier's rasp. 



Periosteum : the tough, fibrous membrane that sur- 

 rounds the bone, except where there is articula- 

 tion. 



Peristalsis : the worm-like motions by which the 

 alimentary canal moves its contents. 



Peritoneum : the serous membrane that lines the 

 abdominal walls. 



Phagocytes : cells that destroy harmful germs by 

 enveloping and absorbing them. 



