G4 



KNOWLEDGE ♦ 



[Nov. 18, 1881. 



Kiiif;)>t in this form of the Two Knights' Gnnio may, nftor nil, bo 

 unioifi.'. 



It appcarg to ua thnt Blnck nmy perlinpa find Biifoty from 



10 11. ?Li2_*^'l^M (alnrtinp from rmsition nliowii 



r. to q.KA., B. to g.Kt.2 



in (Irnt llguro.) 



Next week wo slmll consider what soomB to bo far n bettor 

 rourfic for Blnck than 4. 1'. takes Knight, namely l- Kt. to Q.K. t. 



We shall bo glad to answer any questions suggested by tlic 

 o|ioning moves so far considered. 



The following ond game from Ponzinni is of the same class as 

 t)io«c pvcn last week : — 



No. 3. Buck. 



Wliite to play, and draw. 



!3[nsliin£i to Corrcgponljrntij. 



•,* OfmmnnteatioM tchtchare to rcceice earl*; atttntion ahould he addrcaed to ihe 

 SdHor of KiTOWL£D0B> 74 atid 75, Great Queeiu»treet, London, IV.C. 



Hints to CoERESPONDEyTS,— 1. iVb quetthiis aakvtg Jot sctcnftjtc information 

 can he antKcrcd through the pott. 2. Letters unit to the Editor for correfpondent* 

 cannot he foricarded ; nor can the names or addresses qf correspondents be given in 

 ansirer to private inquiries. 3. iV'o queries or replies savouring of the nature of 

 advertisements can be inserted. 4. Letters, queries, and replies arc inserted, unless 

 eontraiy toSulcS, free of charge. 5. Correspondents should write on one side 

 only of the paper, and put dravings on a separate leaf. 6. 'Each letter, query, or 

 reply should hare a title, and in replying to letters or queries, reference should he 

 made to the numher qf letter or query , the page on Khich it appears, and its title. 



W. H. Allbs, J.W. Brookbs.A.L. J., Peb 

 be a strong one, as it reraain.i, though, by a mispnnt, nieorrectiy descnbcd in Air. 

 Fostor*8 paptT. — Cymro. Your mathematical qucrv appears in raathematical 

 Ret'tion.— T. W. B. The work yon mention is publislietl by Messrs. Spon &. Co., 

 Charinc-cross, who would inform you of the price. We do riot know, and have no 

 list of their works. We scarcely think *' Anti-Guebre" would be satisfied by the 

 account given of the sun in Ifuxley's Physiography—we mean that it would 

 M-arcely convince *' Aati-Guebre" of the inaccuracy of his position. See 

 Letter' 5 in Xumber 2. The correct answer to the mountain-snow difTiculty 

 is not nearly so simpltt as many imagine. But of course *' Anti-Guebre '' 

 i<« miHtaken. — A. B., Manchester. Thanks for the promised papers on 

 Photography, W© have no doubt they will prove very interesting to 

 our readers.— .7. K. M, We quite agree with you, but technical terms 

 which appear without explanation in articles meant for general reading are 

 decidedly objectionable. — Inqvibhr. (Your name is scarcely well cho3en ; there 

 are so many inquirem.) He has made mi?»liikes, but who that has been active in 

 scientific research has not. He is, wo think, facile prineeps in his own field of 

 labour, though we would not care toaay so ; comparisons fnnd th>* superlative i?> a 

 form of comparison) ore nearly always' offensive. —CosicoiD. Evjilam more fully 

 your requirements. If you only want ageneral knowledge of the properties of the 

 conic sections, Drew's" "Geometrical Conic Sections," puhlishea by Mnomillan, 

 would nerve your purpose admirably. But for thorough study of curves of the 

 nooond decree, you would have to read more advanced treatises, which we will 

 indicate, Bhould you doire it.— Gcrbbe. You will tlnd the information you 

 require in Lockycr's *' Physics of the Sun" (Macmillan) ; but you will do well 

 to read, a'i a more recent contribution to the subject, the excellent work on the 

 mn, by Professor Young, Anpletou & Co., New York. — Edw. Cl. Your 

 recommendations duly noticed, and will be attended to at once. Thanks for 

 the addresses. — A. W., Edinburgh. All exceedingly welcome. — A. C. R. 

 Could not send any copies of N*o. 1 ; none at the 'ofliee could he spared. 

 Twenty. tlve copies of No. 2 were sent. — Fbxncis M.triN. Your suggestion 

 haa, y»m will find, been attended lo. The pagination will now be right through- 

 out, a^ title-page will replace adverlirtcment leaf.— PvRAUiinusr. We are 

 not.<!ure whether the interest in the Great Pyramid proplieeiet is so wide as you 

 suggest; but you will find in a short paper by Mr. Jos. Baxendell, the well-known 

 ofttronomer, much that will interest ynu.— Dr. JrtRs Morbl. Many thanks for 

 your kind cTpres-siuns of sympathy with our plan. The work you have sent will 

 doubtless afford much interesting information to our readers on the subject 

 of food.— Ctclical. If you reallv want to ntu.lv the Geometry of Cvcloids 



at trreat length (but is it worth while?) we cab only name " Proctor'a G«om< 

 of Creloidn," beeaute we know of no other work |Co>ng ojct the aame grrix. 

 But.'bo warned in time, and take a lighter subject. If " wilful will lo wn 

 wilful munt wet;" though, by th<* way, this i^ the loAt thing you have to f 

 for the book is dreo'lfully dry. Cyr'-loidat geom<-try i« not of overnh^'lii 

 im|>ortance in i»(.-irntifl<- study. We should say (>iut mind, we do not )txm 



certain) that i 



I hundred < 



M.l.t - 



irr, Bi mttw i»<»-, (iibi 

 feeling* would be ct' 



M of ih" work ju't 

 Ic un»uitnhle for publication 

 It« (one is ab'olutcty contrary' to that which wr wi»h to n 

 contented yourself with th<> suggeitinn that thote who diffi 

 niislaken, we nhould still object lo your b'lter: but your irapli 

 they knom they are mi-.t«ken is inloh-rablc If you arc ^o warn 

 those whose opinions you opim^f 

 may he some as warm as your^-l 



your remark-t and insinuations. In the words of one of the writer* 

 "" Is life worth living?" if we are continually fighting ?-T^c^^ 

 Kbais. We do not object to the trouble, on which almie you dwell, 

 the eipcnse ; the three works you wish us to send you cost together *.>•. ' .n im r 

 the effect of multiplied " orders " of that kind.-K. C. Article* of the k.i..l 

 sent are such as sub-editors make with tbc help of pa«te and scissors. We mi;M 

 not encroach on their sphere of labour, or, rather, on this portion of it,— W. I,, 

 Thanks for the drawings; nlbeit wo by no means ace-pt either the twohe.i! 1 

 man or the alligator boy. The so-called man-dog and his son were real enouu'i, 

 though not correctly described even as to their appearance.— (K W. SrK.t. : 

 See First Hint to Correspondents. Delaunay's discussion about the Inferiontv 

 of Women to Men was a communication to a learned society, and has not, .^i' 

 beheve, been published in separate form. — 8. D. P. The nuor-fish is n .t a fi-h. 

 but a Conthfcrons UoUusc. one of the S<dena.-r<tnM, or Dimyary Bivilrfi. '■ I 

 trust I make myself understood." Seriously, it is what is commonly, but i.-.'-r- 

 rectlf, called a'shell-fish, the double shell somewhat resembling a razor.— Shr. 

 Gazbb. Seeonswersto " Perplcied " and others.— W. T. Lrrrx. Thanks fur 

 the correction respecting Palitzsch and Halley's Comt-t ; it shall appi-ar neit 

 week, if possible. The mistake is definitely made in Herschell's *' Familiar 

 Lectures." p. 114, though. ai you say, not in the " OutUne^."— Dr. U. Driper. 

 New York, Many thanks.- G. W'. D. Your letter is rather long, but fh^U 

 appear, possibly abridged, as soon as possible. — G. A. Thanks for your iDte- 

 resting article on Buttercups ; it shall oppear next week. — J. M. A star atlas 

 cannot include nil desirable features ; some muit be facrificed.- A. B. E. 

 Thanks. — Thom.is Wiltt, Hull. I scarcely think our readers would lik^ to ??c 

 any space devoted to the absurdities of the echool you mention. It is hardly 

 necessary for me to say that I repeatedly saw the sun south of the east and w- > 

 horizon points when I was in Australasia. I have also repeatedly noticrl " 

 two and two make four.— R. M. See answer above to Mr, Mazin. — A ' 

 Yes. That point will be touched on in articles on Comets. A comet :- 

 necessarily seen both when approaching and when receding, or 

 under either condition. The word imconformable, on p. 27, is not i; ■ i 

 in a geological sense, or, indeed, in a technical sense at all. It i» rut 

 between inverted commas because borrowed {from Sir John Uerachel) ; tui 

 every dictionary has it. The cribbage query is not suited to these column-; 

 you will find that to make up numbers below nineteen the symmetrical armnLC- 

 ment9 which give large even numbers, as 6, 7, 7, 8, pairs royal, double pairs ro\ al, 

 are not so essential but that odd scores can be madj?. For scores above 18 vou 

 can only in one way get odd numbers, namely, by the *' one for his nob," 

 this vnii not give 19, because the 18 which has to be made up to complete ih 

 score of 19 cannot be ma<le »p from a knave and four other cards ; 20, 22, 2i, i:* 

 and 28 can. This, after all, shows only hotr, not why it is. The engraver, unf*': 

 tunately, omitted, one of the tails of the comet of 1744. Will consider you 

 suggestion about covers. 



E. L. R., I. C. H. W., Beta,W.A.R., J.A.M^O.. J. A.W.=0., T.W. Shori 

 W. D. R., Charles Hamtltox, A Ji , G. C. W.. G. G. D., J. McG, A . W. .1. M 

 J.J. H. (B.A. Lond.), W. G. (Bird's-byk View), Arthir Black, H. S , Ai 

 Letters received, and will appear or be answered in due cour-e. 



,nd 



Note.— We have received many letters calling attention to the difficulty c 

 obtaining copies of Xo. 1. The demand for copies was much larger than had be?: 

 anticipated. The matter had to be entirely reset for a second edition, w- << 

 publishing. Our publishers will be obliged if subscribers will call their attento 

 to the fact, should they experience any difTiculty in obtaining Knowlsdob at an 

 of the railway book-stalb, or from their local newsagents. To ensure a supply ■ 

 the back numbers, orders should be sent without delay. — En. 



Contents of Knowledge Xo. 1. 



PAGB 



To OvR Readers 3 



Science and Religion. By the Editor. 3 

 The Relation of Food to Muscular 



Work.— Part I. By Dr. W. B. 



Carpenter, F.R.S 5 



,A.re Women Inferior to Men? 6 



Con\e-U—{IUnstrated) 8 



lllu.-ions. By Thomas Foster— (/««*- 



trat^d) 10 



The Eastern Skies in Koyember — 



(Illustrated) 13 



PAGI 



Darwin on Mould and Wornts U 



CoRRBSPOxnsKCB. — Introductory — 

 Hinta to Correspondents- Is the 

 Sun Hot?— Can Ice- Yachts soil 



faster than the Wind? 15 



The Birmingham and Midland Insti- 

 tute. By W. Mattieu WilUaraa .. 16 



Colour of Sunlicht H 



The rriAriHe Riddle IS 



Our Mathematical Column 19 



Our Chess Column 19 



Contents of Knowledge No. 



PAGB , 



The Philosophy of Animal Colours. l 



By Dr. Andrew Wilson, F.R.S.E .. 21 ' 

 Tlie' South European Volcanic System 22 

 The Relation of Food (o Muscular ' 



AVork.-Part II. By Dr. W. B. 



Caqienter. F.R.S '. 23 



Brain Troubles 2-5 



Comets. Part II.— [Illustrattd) 26; 



IntelHgnice in Animals 28 



Birds with Teeth (IllHstrated) 30 I 



The Southern Skies in Novomber — ' 



{Plustrated) 31 



The Fiji Islands 34 



CoRKKSPorcDHNCH. — The One -inch 

 Map of the Onlnnnce Survey — Is 

 the Sun Hot ?— Inllirence of S'ei on 

 Mind— November Meteors, Ac. ... 35 



Queries 38 



I nhealihy House* 38 



Plain Words in Science 89 



Trusting to Luck 38 



Our Chess Column 41 



Our >\'1iist Column. By " Five of 

 Cluba" 43 



