Dec. 2, 1881.] 



KNOV/LEDGE 



10^ 



We show also how two tricks might have been .saved by correct play 

 '•r the weaker hands, Tand Z. 



The Hands. 

 Spades— Kn, 10, 3. 

 Hearts— 6, 2. 

 Clubs— Q. 7, 5, 2. 

 Diamonds— A, S, 4, 3. 



Upades—K, P, -l. 

 Hearts— 10, 0, 7, 3, 

 Clubs- G, 4, 3. 

 Diamonds— Q, Kn, 7. 



Spades— X 8, 7. 

 Hearts— K, Q. 5, 4. 

 Clubs— A, K, Ku. 

 Diamonds — K, 9, 5. 

 € .—A B = ; Y Z 



Note.— The underlined card i 

 A Y B Z 



9" 





<> O 0*0 



o-ol !5^ ?7^ 1^^ 



0.<) '■',-■.: -_>/ b^<? 



< ' '■ h'o''' 



o ■:• J_"i,i' J/;---'.', h?^ 



s trick, and card below it leads next. 

 B's INFKRENCES. 



1. A has Queen of Hearts and 

 probably two other Hearts ; nei- 

 ther A nor Z (who has not sisj- 

 nalled) is very strong in trumps. 



2. r has led from 10 C and two 

 small ones, probably from 10, 9,8; 

 Y's hand must be very weak, but 

 in all probability he has four 

 tmmps. A has Ace of Clubs and 

 King of Clubs. 



Note to tbick 2.— 'U'ith such a liaiiil 

 T should have led a tnunp. 



3. A has strength enough in 

 trumps, with command in other 

 suits, to justify a trump lead. 

 (This is B's inference, and also our 

 comment.) 



4. Z, if he lias played rightly, 

 has no more Clubs. 4 C was the 

 lowest Club in hand, and Z cannot 

 have two more, for B can place 

 four of the remaining five, viz., 

 9C with Y, Ace with .4, and two 

 in his own hand. But B knows that 

 6 C cannot be with Y, and if with 

 A, then A would have onginally 

 led Clubs unless holding at least 

 thi-eo Hearts besides Ace and King. 

 B is for the moment liable to be 

 misled by Z's false card. 



Note to tbick 4. — Z i 

 retuminK his partner's lead 

 in the suit are declared against them. If 

 leading Clubs at all he sliould have led 

 6 C, if only for the sake of unifomutv. 



5. The Ace of trumps lies with 

 A, the Queen with Y. 



Note to tbick 5. — Y might well have 

 played his Queen of Spades. The .\ce 

 certainly does not lie with B, and is far 

 more probably with A than with Z. Even 

 if with Z there is the chance of Z having 

 also a small trump. 



6. The long trump is with Y. 



7. Z played a false card, or at 

 least incsrrectly, in trick 4. 



8. A holds 4 and 5 of Hearts, see 

 Trick 1. 



9. 10 H is probably with Z. 



10. B knows that Y has led from 

 a weak suit, not from King, Knave, 

 10, for otherwise Y ijould not 

 originally have led a Club. He 

 knows also that Z cannot be strong 

 in Diamonds, or he would not have 

 returned Clubs in which his part- 



12 



13 



uer showed weakness. The King 

 of Diamonds probably lies with A, 

 as A led trumps from so weak a 

 suit as Ace to three. B therefore 

 boldly plays his Ace of Diamonds, 

 and with the long Club forces out 

 the long trumi). 



11. It matters not how Z dis- 

 cards. It he discards a Diamond A 

 discards 5 H, and wins the remain- 

 ing tricks, as in the actual game. 

 .4 I) make three by cards. Had 1' led trumps at trick 2, or 

 played his Queen of Spades at trick 5, A B could have made but two 

 tricks. But the game might have gone bettor yet for I' and Z if, 1' 

 having led as he actually did, Z had led 7 U (bad as returning an 

 opponent's lead usually is) at trick 4. This would have fallen to 

 A's Queen; and Y, knowing Z with two more (for he never would 

 have returned opponent's lead unless with four, at least, of the suit 

 originally), would place 9 H and 10 H at once in Z's hand (having 

 the 8 himself), i' would therefore play away his Knave of Hearts. 

 -•1 would have followed with a trump lead as in the actual game, V 

 taking the trick with his Queen. Y would not then lead 8H, 

 because, though his partner could win with 9 H, and then lead the 

 winning Heart, B would ruff, lead a Club for his partner to take, who 

 would then lead trumps, <Stc. But, leading a Club, Y would throw 

 the lead again into A's hand, who would then have taken out another 

 round of trumps, and playing then Ace of Clubs, as in trick 7 of 

 actual game. If next .4 played a small Heart, Z would take the 

 trick with 9H and another with 10 H. If A led a small Diamond, 

 B, winning with the Ace, would force the long trump with Queen of 

 Clubs, and on F leading 8 H, Z would make both his hearts as 

 before. Or if B returned a Diamond instead of leading his Queen 

 of Clubs, then, whether A led a Diamond or a Heart after taking 

 the trick with his King, the remaining tricks would be with 1" Z. 

 The last five tricks would run in one or other of the following ways, 

 A leading in trick 9 : — 



A Y B Z A Y B Z , A Y B Z 

 0. 4H 8H3D 9H oD10DAD7D | 5D10DAD7D 



KD 2D 3D KnD 

 9D 6D 4D QD 

 4H 8H 8D 10 H 

 5HQSQC9H 



10. 5 H 2 D 4 D lOH ! 4 H ^S Q C KnD 



11. oDlODAD 7D loH 8H 3D9H 



12. 9DQ;SQCKnD!9D2D4D lOH 



13. ^D CD 8D QD KD^ 6D 8D QD 



The other eight tricks wotild be the same respectively as 1, 2, 3, 8' 

 5, 4, 6, and 7 of the annual game, except that at trick 4, corres- 

 ponding to trick 8 of the actual game, 1' would play Knave of 

 Hearts instead of 8 H, while at trick 5 (of both games) he would 

 plaj- Queen of Spades, and B 3 S, the 6 S and Knave of Spades fall- 

 ing at trick 7 (corresponding to 6 of actual game). Y and Z 

 would have lost only the odd trick, which, with such w^retched 

 hands, would have been getting oft easily. 



The Telephone as Affected by some Meteokoi.ogical Phe- 

 NOME.VA. — Several Continental observers appear to have been lately 

 studying the sovmds which may often be heard in a telephone that 

 is connected -with a wire stretched, say, between the roofs of two 

 houses, and connected with the water or gas pipes. On the occur- 

 rence of lightning, more especially, sounds arc heai-d, and at the 

 same instant (according to II. Bene Thury, of Geneva) as the flash 

 is seen, whatever the distance of the latter. Even when no 

 thunder was heard, and the discharge must have been at least 35 

 kilomMres off, M. Thury observed those induction effects. M. Lala- 

 gade, who has experimented similarly for some time past, thought to 

 amplify the sounds, and did so by placing two microphones on the 

 plate of the receiving telephone. The arrangement is set up in a 

 quiet room, where all foreign vibrations are guarded against, and 

 the author is able to hear the least sound at a distance of one 

 mJtre or more from the second telei)hone. Again, M. Landerer, at 

 Tortosa, finds currents produced in his telephone-circuit by atmo- 

 spheric electricity in three different ways. First, the condensation 

 of aqueous vapour results in a sound recalling the cry of tin. A 

 sensitive galvanometer in the circuit is not, or hardly, affected. 

 These sounds are strongest at night. Next, there are the sounds 

 which occur diuing lightning (and the currents producing which 

 affect a galvanometer considerably). Thirdly, the wind generates 

 currents which do not act on the telephone, but act on the galvano- 

 meter strongly. At Tortosa the very dry west winds produce the 

 greatest oscillations. Telluric or earth cui-rents set both on the 

 galvanometer and on the telephone ; they are distingtiished froni 

 atmospheric cuiTents by the regularity and continuity ot their- 

 action during prettj- long intervals. — Tl\e Times. 



