JL-NE, 1911. 



KNOWLEDGE. 



211 



heavv instruments travels from the winch over a 

 fixed to the mast, thus facihtating the 



crane 



The Resear 



FlGURL, -. 

 \'essel ■■ Adria '' under weigh. 



transi)ort of even the heaviest net bags over a 

 shallow trouj;h made from water-tight linen and 

 on which the catch is 

 searched and sorted. 

 Close to the mast there 

 is further a conduit for 

 discharging sea-water so 

 that the whole catch can 

 at an\- moment be im- 

 mersed in water. 



Behind the mast are 

 arranged the structures 

 forming the roofs of the 

 laborator\- located below 

 deck, the combined saloon 

 and bedroom, and finallw 

 the engine room The 

 rudder, which is actuated 

 with extreme ease through 

 a worm engaging directly 

 with its shaft, is located 

 astern, ^\■ith a view to utilising as much space as 

 possible for fishing operations, as well as on account 

 of the greater simplicity and safety. 



Of special importance are the sea-water tanks for 

 receiving any marine animals and plants caught by 

 the net. As these manifold organisms should be taken 

 home alive, the " Adria '" is equipped with what 

 could fitly be called a complete aquarium, comprising 

 three wooden cases lined inside with sheet metal and 

 which contain three to four removable sheet metal 

 aquarium tanks serving at the same time for the 

 transport of marine animals from the ship to the 

 shore. The wooden cases which. A\hen closed, can 

 be used as benches, are provided w ith conduits for 

 sea water and compressed air, enabling an\' animals 

 and algae to be kept in circulating or \entilated 

 water. In the hind part of the vessel is installed 

 a large tank likewise containing circulating sea 

 water and compressed air and which takes up 

 nearly the whole width of the ship. This is 



FiGURH 3. 

 An Oceano,i;raphical SpeciaHst at work 



intended for receiving big fish and marine animals. 

 The supply of sea-water to the aquarium tanks is 

 effected during the time the ship engine is at work, 

 that is, throughout the course of the \'essel, by a pump 

 coupled to the propeller shaft, while an electrically- 

 operated centrifugal pump is resorted to during 

 intervals in its operation. The compnssed air is 

 generated b\- a compressor connected to the ship 

 motor which allows air to be compressed in cylindrical 

 iron vessels to four atmospheres, reduced by a throttle 

 \alve to one-twentieth of an atmosphere. The com- 

 pressed air also servesto actuate the whistle of the ship. 

 The compass, a fresh-wnter tank and an ice tank 

 are likewise located astern. 



On each side of the \'essel is suspended from a 

 crane a launch four metres in length. These 

 launches, one of which is equipped with a gasoline 

 motor of two-and-a-half horse power, are intended 

 for landing at and exploring such parts of the coast 

 as are not accessible to the " Adria." 



As regards next the arrangements provided below 

 deck, the copper tank containing the fuel (gasoline, 

 petroleum or alcohol) is located in the very front 



of the fore-ship, being 

 separated by a fire-proof 

 metal partition from the 

 bedroom of the crew. 

 This tank has a capacity 

 of about nine hundred 

 kilogrammes. which 

 enal)les the \-essel con- 

 tinually to sail about 

 fitt\- hours, covering a 

 distance of about four 

 hundred and fifty knots. 

 As the motor is mostly 

 stopped b\- night, a new- 

 fill of fuel generally is 

 required only every five 

 days. 



The bedroom of the 

 crew also contains anchor 

 chains, tows, tent co\-ers, nets, and flags. A 

 special room is provided for photographic work. 



The Plankton 



Figure 4. 

 Nets being 



hoisted astern. 



