Jri.v. lOll. 



KNOWLEDGE. 



287 



was written could have been met by a reference to modern 

 elementary text-books, or by a recommendation to the student- 

 reader to take a class in elementary geology. Misprints 

 are commendably few, although we read " rainful " for 

 ■■ rainfall "' on page 240. .\ full and accurate index is 

 provided. q ^^- -p 



The Sticdenfs Lycll. — By E. John \V. Jldd, F.K.S. 

 645 pages. 736 illustrations. 8-in. XSi-in. 



(John Murray. Price 7 6 net.) 



We welcome the appearance of the second edition of " The 

 Student's Lyell" edited by Professor Judd. which the latter 

 has corrected and endeavoured to bring up-to-date. In 

 Professor J udd's words : " Now that the doctrine of Evolution — 

 as applying alike to the Inorganic and the Organic world — is 

 universally accepted, the writings of Lyell. who was truly 

 "the Forerunner of Darwin." actjuire a new interest and are 

 inxested with a permanent \'aluc. The " Origin of Species ' has 

 been justly asserted by Huxley to be ' the logical sequence to 

 the " Principles of Geology" ' ; it has therefore seemed iitting to 

 prefix to a new edition of the present volume a histor>- of the 

 events which led up to the production of Lyell's epoch-making 

 work."' 



The Gcoloiiy of Building Stones. — By J. .\li.en Howe. 

 B.Sc. F.G.S. 455 pages. 46 illustrations. 72-in.x5in. 



I Edward .Arnold. Price 7 6 net.! 



This is the fourth volume of Arnold's Geological Series, 

 and. like the preceding ones, deals with a particular aspect 

 of economic geology, the growing importance of which is urged 

 in the breezy introductory chapter to this work. .\ brief 

 survey of the rock-forming minerals is first given. An 

 account of igneous rocks, sandstones, grits, limestones and 

 slates follows, in which, while the purely scientific side is not 

 forgotten, emphasis is placed on the various practical aspects 

 appealing to the architect and engineer. Notes on the distri- 

 bution of the various types are given, and. naturally, most 

 space is allotted to rocks occurring in the British Isles. Much 

 useful information, hitherto hard to get, is contained in the 

 chapter on the decay of building stones. The book closes 

 with an excellent section on the testing of building stones, 

 giving a resume of all known methods, and estimating their 

 comparative values. This is a most valuable part of the book, 

 for, as the author says, architects are deterred, by the fear of 

 risk, from using manx' good stones with which they are 

 unfamiliar, because no reliable tests have been made of these 

 materials. Some appendices contain lists of quarries, and 

 a bibliography. A very full index is given. The book is 

 illustrated w-ith several good plates and informatise maps, 

 and will be invaluable to the architect or engineer who cares 

 to apply its scientific principles to practice. 



G. W. T. 



MATHEMATICS. 



.4 Xcw Trigonometry for Schools and Colleges. — Bv the 



Rev. J. B. Lock. M.A., and J. .M. Child. B.A., B.Sc. 



488 pages. ISO illustrations. 8-in. X5T-in. 



(Macmillan & Co. Price 6 -.) 



In opening a book bearing the names of two experienced 

 authors, we expected to find much that was sensible and 

 practically useful. In this we were not disappointed : but a 

 surprise was in store for us in the arrangement of the subject 

 matter and also in some of the matter itself. This is a very 

 ■■ live "" book, and a student of fair ability will probably 

 acquire from it a sound working knowledge of Trigonometry 

 up to and including de Moivre and Infinite Series and Products 

 with very little waste of time. In particular we may call 

 attention to the adniira'ole diagrams, the descriptions of 

 instruments, the model solutions of triangles with the aid of 

 logarithms, the proofs .and figures for general formulae, the 

 treatment of interpolation, and errors of observation. In the 

 preface, attention is draw n to the fulness of the answers, in 

 which hints for solutions of the harder questions are given, as 



there is no intention of issuing a ke\-. One of these hints is 

 "■ Use Ptolemy"s Theorem."" Ptolemy is not in the index, but 

 we ran him to ground on page 383. being familiar with his 

 haunts. Little omissions of this kind disappear in a second 

 edition. We cordially commend the book to the attention of 

 all teachers of mathematics. 



MICROSCOPY. 



Practical Photo-niicroi>raphy. — By J. E. Baknakd. 322 

 pages. 10 plates and 7y figures. Si-in. x 5i-iu. 



(Edward Arnold. Price 15 - net.) 



The usefulness of the microscope and the advantages of 

 photography being so great and so well recognised, it follows 

 that photo-micrography must be e<|nally important. The 

 thanks, therefore, of all those who are about to take up the 

 work are due to Mr. Barnard for affording them an opportunity 

 of obtaining an insight into the subject, before beginning opera- 

 tions, while those who have had to gain their experience for 

 themselves cannot fail to find some points of interest in 

 "" Practical Photo-micrography."' The book fulfils the promise 

 ot its title : for all the information is given clearly, and in such 

 a way that the directions and advice can easily be followed. 

 The microscope is briefly considered, then two chapters are 

 given up to the optical equipment necessary, while an account 

 of sources of illumination, and descriptions of the various 

 photo-micrographic cameras are followed by hints as to the 

 use and manipulation of a microscope, and after the more 

 purely photographic part of the subject has been considered, 

 some very useful appendices are added. In his introduction, 

 Mr. Barnard most properly advises a microscopist who is 

 anxious to start the work, to acquaint himselt thoroughly with 

 the processes of ordinary photography ; while, similarly, he urges 

 the photographer to master the general technicalities of 

 ordinary microscopic work. The book under consideration 

 should always be at the elbow of every worker with the 

 microscope. 



TIDES. 



Moxly's Theory of the Tides. — By J. F. Rlthven. 103 

 pages. IS illustrations. 9j-iu. X6-in. 



I J. D. Potter. Price 2 -.1 



Lieut. Ruthven worked w-ith the late Rev. J. H. S Moxly in 

 perfecting the theory which the latter put forward with regard 

 to the tides. The present book is a reprint of four chapters 

 dealing with the subject, to which have been added several 

 new ones and a number of quotations from Mr. Moxly's book 

 which he did not live to rewrite. In the preface Lieut. 

 Ruthven points out that in the theory there was an error due 

 to accepting the assumption of the dynamical theorists that 

 the only w-ay that the tangential component of tidal force could 

 work was b.\- means of surface currents. Closer examination 

 con\inced Moxly and Ruthven that it, like the normal 

 component, produced pressure. 



TOPOGRAPHY. 



The Evolution of Kingston-iipon-Hull. — By T. Sheppard. 

 203 pages. 29 illustrations. 9-in. X 5 J-in. 



i.\. Brown (."v: Sons. Price 3 6 net.) 



.At the request of the Museums and Records Conunittee of 

 the Hull Corporation. Mr. Thomas Sheppard has elaborated a 

 presidential address of his to the Hull Literary Club, and has 

 shown by means of plans, dating from the sixth century to the 

 present time, the way in which the city of Hull has gradually 

 come into being. He describes no less than three hundred 

 and ninety-seven plans, twenty-nine of which are reproduced 

 to form illustrations. The book should prove most useful 

 for reference to those interested in the history of Hull. The 

 remarkable feature of a plan made in the time of Elizabeth, 

 but evidently copied from one of much earlier date (probably 

 the middle of the fourteenth century) is the large amount of 

 space within the city walls which was devoted to gardens. 

 They practically surroimd the buildings on all but one side. 



