3SS 



KNOWLEDGE. 



October, loil. 



ends between an old razor and the thumb to lengths 

 down to five inches (see Figure 9). 



White hair which is thirty inches long and upward 

 is used for violin bows. This is exported largeh- to 

 Germany by Messrs. List. Black hair, which as we 

 ha\'e said before is slightly stronger, is used fur tlic 

 bows for double basses. Shorter hair, according to 

 its length, is tied in bundles and sold to brush makers 

 or to plume makers, for whom it is dyed \-arious 

 colours for ornamenting helmets and the bridles 

 of caxalrv horses. 



.\ more extensi\'e use of the long hair is tor weaving 

 It into seatings in which a linen warp is used, while 

 the hair cloth which tailors emplo\' for stiffening 

 garments where elasticit\' is required is made with a 

 warp of cotton. The widths var\- from sixteen to 

 thirty-four inches, and it may be pointed out that to 

 produce a thirt\--fouriiichcloththe hair must be thirt\ - 

 eight inches long. Some of the hair is of exceptional 

 length, and one tail in an extreme case which passed 

 through Messrs. List's hands measured sevent\-two 



inches. The brown hair is used for fishing lines and are used for oil and cider presses and for brewers' 

 was much in vogue years ago for cod fishing. One 



Wigs for judges and barristers are made from 

 w hat is known as " dead " hair which has no glint 

 njion it. and is specially picked out for the purpose. 



The hair from the tails of cows and oxen is also 

 used for one or two purposes. The ends of the tails 

 themselves are brought oxer attached to the skins 

 and always show a t\\ist. This with the \er\- rarest 

 of exceptions is in one direction. The cow tails are 

 dressed whole and undyed (as are sometimes horse 

 tails from South America), for export to South 

 Africa, where the\' are used lor personal adornment 

 by the natises. The latter insist on the hair being 

 und\'ed. and the\' plait it into bracelets and o\'er 

 gourds used for snuff, as well as combine it with the 

 wire w hich is put over sjamboks and sticks. The\- 

 also use it for threading beads. North American 

 Indians use d_\-ed hair for the same purpose, and for 



weavmg into their moccasms. 



The cow hair is al 



so cu"aw n tor wea\in 



J, mto 



sieve bottoms to form strainers for cooks and 

 gun-powder manufacturers, while horse-hair bags 



advantage of the old method was that onl\- health\- 

 fish were caught, while now, it stands to reason, 

 the trawls will bring up all that come in their 

 wa\-, whether the\- are in good condition or not. 



straining-cloths. 



I^astly, goats" hair from Ohina and Tibet, being 

 very soft, is used for babies' l>rushes. Hut the 

 making of brushes generalK- is a subject which ma\' 

 well be dealt with in another article. 



FlGUKK 10. 

 Specimens ut the hair lielerc .iiid alter it has been put tluoiigli tlie vanoub processes. 



