485 



KNOWLEDGE. 



December, 1911. 



network, so are the units of human societies joined together by 

 a psychical network, invisible perhaps, but connecting man to 

 man. The physical network that exists between a mother and 

 her unborn child is broken at birth, but a psychical network 

 connects them both until death, and perhaps hereafter. 

 Thought transference is taken for granted as an established 

 fact : and it is hinted that in another stage of existence, or 

 possibly in this, more and greater bursts of evolutionary 

 actixity may be in store for the human race. 



In conclusion, we may cordialK' recommend I'art 1 to the 

 notice of biologists, even if 



they do not agree with Mr. i-^^— -,-. ■,.■-. — ^ m^.,, 

 Bernard's views. As to 

 Part 2 it is harder to speak. 

 We ourselves believe that 

 the time is not yet ripe for 

 such speculations, and 

 although most biologists will taMaB^i. 

 pause to think from time to 

 time over such matters as 

 the connection of the physi- 

 cal with the psychical, 

 materialism and vitalism, 

 and kindred speculations, 

 which the study of living 

 matter arouses, it does not 

 necessarily follow that much 

 will be gained by giving 

 them to the world at large. 



M. D. H. 



77(1' Evolution of Paint- 

 ing: A History of J^aint- 

 ing in Italy. — Hy J. A. 

 Ckowi; .and G. B. Cavai- 

 CASHi.i.E. Vol. IV. 379 

 pages. 54 illustrations. 

 9-in.X6-in. 



Ijolni Murray. Price .21 

 net.) 



It is with the greatest 

 satisfaction that e \ e r \- 

 student of painting, as well 

 as those who are interested 

 in art for its own sake, will 

 receive the intimation from 

 Mr. John Murray that tlie 

 re-issue of Crowe and 

 Cavalcaselle"s great work is 

 now on its way to a satisfac- 

 tory completion. When 

 Mr. Crowe and Signor 

 Cavalcaselle wrote their 

 volmnes.the study of Italian 

 painting was the privilege 

 of a few, and the occupation /'wv 

 of a yet more limited band 

 of enthusiasts ; the photo- 

 graph and the cheap trip 

 were alike remote. But the genius, the industry, and the 

 visual memory of these two men were capable of pro- 

 (lucing a treatise on the subject such as remains an 

 unassailable masterpiece ; and though the books on Italian 

 Masters are almost as nmnerous as the picture post cards 

 which the twentieth century tourist in Italy brings or sends 

 home as mementoes of the paintings he has seen, none of them 

 has the unique authority and comprehensiveness wliich this 

 work attained. Nevertheless, the demand for information 

 must evoke a supply, even of pictures and the whereabouts of 

 pictures. One might almost go so far as to say that the 

 demand for new knowledge must sometimes confound the 

 old, so that an attribution which seemed perfectly reasonable 

 when Crowe and Cavalcaselle wrote is rightly subject to 

 revision as other pictures come to light ; and it is certain, 

 that human taste being not infrequently only the essence of 



generally received opinions, the artistic values set on Old 

 Masters, especially on minor Old Masters, must be subject to 

 alteration. A ne\\ edition of the volumes nuist therefore be a 

 work much larger than the old. much more valuable than the 

 old, much better illustrated than the old : and the chief 

 difficulty of the ijublisher must be to find editors sufficiently 

 catholic to admit the new material, sufficiently eclectic to 

 prevent a lowering of the standard. 



In the fourth of the six volumes in which the work is to be 

 completed, and which deals with Florentine Masters of the 



Fifteenth Century, tliese 

 requirements are as f.iith- 

 fully fulfilled inider the 

 editorship of Mr. Langton 

 Douglas assisted by Mr. G. 

 de Nicola, as they were in 

 the earlier volumes, when 

 Mr. Douglas had the colla- 

 boration of Mr. .Arthur 

 Strong. It is in many ways 

 the fullest of the volumes 

 hitherto issued : and the new 

 notes and references are on 

 a scale which almost adds 

 in additional volume to the 

 • liginal work. The remain- 

 iiigtwo volumes are promised 

 during the next year, and the 

 only satisfactory and com- 

 plete handbook on the 

 d e \- e 1 o p m e n t of 1 1 a 1 i a n 

 painting will be within the 

 leach of persons of nioder- 

 .ite means. 



i: 



S. G 



An Ovster Catcher's Nest. 

 Hab 



I'liotograpliy for Bird 



Lovers. — B\- Bi:xTLiiV 



l; l-HTHAM. F.Z. S. 126 



Pages. 18 illustrations. 



Si-in.X6-in. 



iWitlierby & Co. Price 5 - 

 net.) 



The accompanying illus- 

 ti ation. which we reproduce 

 li\- the courtesy of Messrs. 

 Witherby & Company, shows 

 how carefully Mr. Bentley 

 lieetham has studied his 

 subject, and how nuich he 

 1^ able to put into his 

 |iictures, for the photograph 

 which has been reproduced 

 lint only shows the nest and 

 iggs of the Oyster Catcher, 

 but also indicates in no small 

 degree the kind of site which 

 the bird selects. The book 

 consists chiefly of instruc- 

 tions telling the would-be 

 bird-photographer how to proceed. After apparatus has been 

 dealt with, the photographing of nests and young birds, the use 

 of stalking and concealment methods, not to mention rope 

 work on the cliff faces, the taking of birds in flight, in colour, 

 and by means of the cinematograph are considered. It is truly 

 surprising how much information and how many beautiful 

 photographs have been included in this small volume. 



PSVCH()I.( )(,V. 



Body and Mind : .4 history ,nid a defence of Animism. — 



By \\"1L1.1A.M McDcU I, Air . M.B. JS4 pages. 13 illustrations. 



9-111. ■ .Tj-iii. 



(Methuen & Co. Price 10,6 net.) 



This book, as we are informed in its preface, contains " a 

 critical surve\- of modern opiihnii and discussion upon, the 



A suggestion of the Binl'^ 

 itat. 



