140 



o KNO\AALEDGE ♦ 



[March 2, 1883. 



We give a spocimon game, plnycd against one of the strongest 

 players of the team. 



Whito. 

 Mephislo, 



1. Kt toQB3 



2. P to Q t 

 ■J. P to K3 



4. B to Q3 



5. P takes P 

 <■>. Kt to KB3 



7. P to QR3 



8. P to QKtl. 

 0. B to QKt2 



10. Kt to K2 



11. P to KRl 



12. KB takes Kt 



13. Q to Q3 

 11. B to K5 

 l.'i. Kt takes B 



We tliink tlie views of Dr. Siemens about instinct will require 

 modifying. A rule of thumb practitioner in mathematics (an 

 accountant) has supplied us with information that we vainly sought 

 for in various well informed quarters. A correspondent recently 

 inquired by what method the players in a tournament could be 

 paired against each other beforehand for all the rounds. A friend 

 of ours who saw all about "the cow's tails" in ten seconds, and who 

 id a good mathematician could not tell, chess players could not tell, 

 till at last Mr. Lord kindly showed us the following simple method. 

 Provided yon have an even number of players you proceed as in the 

 following example : — 



We have six players, who have to play one game with each other, 

 and we wish to find ont the precise date beforehand when each 

 man has to play the other. 



We draw a diagram for six rounds, and we will call the players 

 a. b, c, d, e, f : — 



We fill in the six players' names horizuntally, ami also duwn the 

 .side of the diagram. We next fill up the blanks, that is, the squares 

 ' n which a player stands opposite his own name, such as a opposite 

 a, and b opposite b, &c. Then, as there are six players, therefore 

 five rounds, we proceed with a against b, marking him down for the 

 first round, a c for the second, a d for the third, a e for the fourth, 

 and a f for the fifth. The same figures that stand on the horizontal 

 line may be put in the downward squares, we therefore again put 

 1 on b a, the first square of the second line, 2 on c a, the first 

 square of the third line, 3 on d a, 4 on e a, and 5 on f a. The 

 reason for this is obvious. We have fixed that a should play e on 

 the fourth round, then of course e also has to have 4 underneath a 

 -:is well as a has a 4 underneath e. 



Now we proceed with the second line, beginning with the first 

 figure. 'Wo must follow the rule of counting continually up to 5, 

 but the next square being a blank we must count it 2, but place 

 the number in the last square of the line, this being the rule. We 

 therefore place 2 on b f, the last square of the second line, and 

 proceed with 3 underneath b c, 4 underneath b d, and 5 underneath 

 b e. Now as in the case of a, so also with b ; we place the figures 

 3, 4, 5, 2 downwar<l3 on the second line, that is, all underneath b. 

 Now wo proceed with c. The last number being 3 for the blank, 

 we must put a 4 on the sixth square underneath c f, and return to 

 the fourth square with 5, and underneath c c we must again put 1. 

 We again place 5, 1, 4 downward, uiulerneath the third squares 

 d c, e c, f c. On d, the blank stands for 1 at the end, and in the 

 lifth squares comes 2. Putting 2, 1 downwards, we have only one 

 M'luare to 611 up on e with the number 3, placing the same number 

 in the only vacant square, f e. 



By drawing a diagram for thoniselvcs, our readers will find that 

 it takes less time to do it than it does to explain. Thus in a few 



minutes by this eimplo process a large number of players can be 

 paired together beforehand with accuracy for all the roands. 

 There merely remains then the date for each round to be given 

 underneath, then a jilaycr can see at a glance whom he has to play 

 on every plnving day. 



This is indeed a very useful method, which, aithongh worked ont 

 by rule of thumb, must, ne\-erthele3s, be capable of complex mathe- 

 matical explanation, which, we confess, we do not see. but which 

 " is a matter of detail," as Mr. Proctor would remark. 



SOLUTION.'^. 



PK0EI,f;M No. 75, BY C. Pl.ANCK, p. 108. 



1. Kt to K5 K tks KKt, or 1 K takes QKt 



2. Kt to Q7 (eh) K to Q5, or (a) 2. Q to E3 (ch) K to Q5, or (/ - 



3. Q to Q2 mate I 3. Kt to B3 mate 

 (a) If 2. K to Q3. 3. Q to R6 mate. 



(6) If 2. K to Kt3. 3. Q to K3 mate. 



Problem No. 76 can be solved by 1. I! to KB sq, or 1. B takes P 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, 

 *,* Please address Chess Editor, 



A. J. Marritt.— Problem No. 77, if 1. B to Kt4, K takes Kt. 

 2. Q to Kt5, K takes Q ? 



J. B. G.- — There is no recognised opening beginning mth 1. P to 

 R4. We do not think much of it. 



J. Hughes.— Problem No 75, if 1. Kt to K7, K takes Kt. 2. Q to 

 K3 (ch), K to Q3, there is no mate. No. 76, if 1. Q takes P, KKt 

 takes Kt, and mate is impossible. 



Problems received with thanks from Herbert Jacobs, J. Hughes, 

 and G. W. Mitchell. 



Leonard B. Page. — Solution incorrect. 



Correct solutions received. — Problem No. 74, John Lonsdale. 

 No. 76, J. S. Maskery, Berrow, M. T. H. No. 77, R. J. P., J. Hughes, 

 Darby and John, T. Adamson, T. T. Dorrington, John, H. M. 

 Prideaux, D. Duggan, Roland Mott, G. W. Mitchell, John Watson. 

 Clarence, W. Stettin, Berrow, M. T. Hooton. 



In the press, " Chess Life Pictures," containing biographical 

 sketches of great masters. By G. A. MacDonnell, B.A., with illus- 

 trations by Wallis Mackay. Kelly & Co., Great Queen Street. 



Contents op No. 68. 



PAGB. 



Science and Art Gossip 109 



How to Use oui- Eves. (/««».) By 



John Browning.'F.H.A.S Ill 



A Naturalist's Year. VII. Willow 



Catkins. Bv Grant Allen 113 



A New Telephone. (/;/«».) 113 



Pleasant Hours with the Microscope. 

 Bv Henrv J. Slack, F.G.S., 



F:H.M.S. ■. 114 



" Our Bodies." VI. The Trunk and 

 Limbs. {Illiis.) By Dr. Andrew 

 WUson, F.E.8.E 115 



PAGE- 



Sun Views of the Earth. llUut.) 



Bv E. A. Proctor 117 



Satiim's Kings 118 



Corpulence 118 



Waste of the World's Forests 119 



Evolution of Life 119 



Corresp .ndence : Springs and 

 Streams— Telescop-^8 and Micro- 

 scopes — A Theorvof Atmospheres 



—Weather Forecasts, 4c 121 



Our Whist Column 123 



Our Chess Column 124 



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