280 



* KNOWLEDGE ♦ 



[May 11, 1883. 



tnkcs P. R to R3(ch), K to K(3. R to BC(ch), K to Kt-1 or (") 

 K to Kl.'l(ch), K (<) Hi. II to H.-,((h), K to R3. « to 131(cli), Kto 

 R2. R tfi Kt mate («) if K to Kt:i. K to Kt3(fh), K to Ra. R to 

 B7(ch), K to R3. B to Bl(ch), K to Rl. R to R7 (mate). 



(</) Mere praise would bo like paintinp tlio lily. If Q takes E, 

 then follows B takes I'(cli) and Q takes l'(eli) with a sp3edy mate. 



(Ii) H Q takes B, tj to K8 (mate). 



PLAYED IN THE FIRST ROUND OF THE INTERNATIONAL 

 TOURNAMENT, MAY 3, 18S3.— KING'S GAMBIT. 



NOTES. 



(a) After 4. B to Kt2 the advance of the Pawns weakens Black's 

 game. 



(h) Bold and attacking. 



(c) White gets a fine attacking position. 



((f) Weak; Black ought to play Kt to K3 at once. 



(f) The culminating point of the game, and a most admirable 

 stroke, for if 22. P takes Q. 23. R takes R(ch), K to Q2. 24. 

 B to B6(ch), K to K3. 25. P to Q5(ch), K to K4. 26. Kt to Q3 

 (ch), K takes P. 27. R to K sq(ch) winning the Queen and 

 remaining with a Rook ahead. 



PLAYED IN THE FIRST ROUND ON MAY 5. 

 KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 



■White. 

 Mortimer. 



1. P to K4 



2. P to KB4 



3. B to B4 



4. K to B sq 



5. Q to B3(/)) 

 0. P to KKt3 

 7. Q takes P 

 S. B to Kt3 

 9. P to Q3 



Black. 



Bird. 

 P to K4 

 P takes P 

 QtoR5(ch)(a) 

 P to Q3 

 Kt to QB3 

 QtoB3 

 Kt to Q5 

 B to K3 

 P to KR4 



■«Tiile. 

 Mortimer. 



11. Q takes Q 



12. K to Kt2 



13. BP takes B 



14. R to Kt sq 



15. K to B sq 



Black. 



Bird. 

 Kt takes Q 

 B takes B 

 Kt to B7((J) 

 KttoQ8(ch)(e) 

 P takes P 



10. Kt to QB3(c) P to R5 



16. P takes P(/) R takes R 



17. B to Kt5 RtakesKt(ch) 

 IS. K takes K Kt to BG(ch) 



Resigns. 



Duration 40 minutes. 



NOTES. 



(a) P to Q4 is preferable. 



(b) Leading to MacDonnell's attack. 



(c) P to KR4 was requisite, 

 ((i) White pays a lieavy penalty for his mistake in allow: 



more. 



(c) A very fine combination. 



(.0 The position is highly remarkable ; Black threatens P to Kt7 

 and P takes R Queen. 



■ this 



Kirkcaldy Naturalists' Society. — The first conversazione of 

 this society was opened on Friday evening, April 27, by Professor 

 Stuart Blackic, in a suitable address, in which the wcll-kno^m 

 Professor admonished his hearers to study the works of the 

 Almighty in every development of Nature, not to fill their brains 

 from musty old books when every little flowor had a far nobler 

 lesson to teach. Mr. James Shcjihcrd, nf Rosind Castle, Burnt- 

 island, vice-president of tlie society, then read a paper on the 

 " Beginnings of Life." Commencing with the well-known aphorism 

 of Harvey, the discoverer of the circulation of the blood^ 

 "Omne animal ex ovo " — Mr. Shepherd went on to tell his hearers 

 that, " besides the eggs laid in tliis country, over 500,000,000 were 

 annually imported, and that, although so many eggs are daily con- 

 eumod, few take the trouble to even think of the real nature of this 



pretty, oval, white, dainty-looking thing, which is onr '' 

 wonderful, most marvellous objects in creation, repr 

 beginning and the origin of every living individual in I 



world, there being a perfect sameness in the origin of overyihiug 

 that lives, and breathes, and grows, plants as well as animals, 

 amongst which latter is man, both sjiringing from a simi>le cell." 

 After explaining the differences between the eggs of birds, fishes, 

 and reptiles, Mr. Shepherd concluded thus : — " There is nothing 

 more worthy the attention of naturalists than eggs, but at the 

 same time there is nothing more difficult. The great delicacy of the 

 phenomena which present themselves, and the great complexity of 

 the conclusions to be drawn from them, and above all the 

 veil which men have for so long seemed disposed to throw over 

 the origin of the living animal had (until the microscope pierced 

 the hidden dejiths), surrounded the subject with innumerable 

 obstacles. But we may rest assured that whatever is, is a fit 

 subject for man's researches, nothing should be declared a mystery 

 or be kept hidden from human eyes, until human intellect has, after 

 repeated efforts, been bafBed in the attempt to solve it. It is time 

 enough to warn us away from the inner sanctuary of the temple of 

 science, or to cry, ' Thus far shalt thou go, but no further,' when 

 our inquiries have ceased to be in the cause of truth." Other 

 addresses with experiments were delivered by Mr. Allan Mathewson, 

 of Dundee, on Flint Implements, and "Rubbings" of Ancient 

 Sculptured Stones of Scotland, of which many specimens were 

 exhibited; by M.J.J. Mann, of the National Electric Company, 

 Glasgow, on the Production of the Electric Light ; and by Mr. 

 Ernest Shepherd, on Frictional and Voltaic Electricity. The rooms, 

 which were opened on Saturday afternoon and evening, were visited 

 by numbers of the artisan class, who seemed deeply interested with 

 the scientific and mechanical exhibits. Mr. Sang, the energetic 

 secretary, deserves great praise for the able manner in which he 

 organised and carried out all the arrangements. 



At the second annual general ineeting of the Maxim-Weston 

 Electric Light Company, the Chairman, in his opening congra- 

 tulatory (!) address, observed that, all things considered, he did 

 not think they had done so very badly. Though they had lost 

 £70,000 in the purchase of patents which they had not used, and 

 had conducted the lighting of the City at a loss, they had managed 

 to avoid getting into difficulties. For further patents they paid 

 £52,000. Up to the date of October, 1882, they made sales amounting 

 to £6,776, with a clear profit on that of £1,666. These were sales 

 of their lamps, dynamos, and apparatus. They took a certain 

 amount of contracts as low as they could. There was the Metro- 

 politan Railway contract — on that they made a loss of £1,225. 

 Then there was the Edinburgh Post-office, which resulted in a loss 

 of £380. They thought it well at a certain sum to take a 

 contract for lighting the Botanic Gardens. There they had a loss 

 of £26, while at Reading they also made a loss of £26. On the City 

 lighting they had made a loss of £4,405. Their great loss on the 

 City lighting had been owing to their having had to lay their cables 

 two or three tiiiies, and the difficulty of getting them properly to 

 carry the electricity from the other side of the river. They had 

 spent no less than £1,347 for the Crystal Palace Exhibition ; at 

 Warwick House, Regent-street, £170; at the Guildhall, £160; and 

 at the Albert Hall, £50. These were exhibitions. At the Opera 

 House, too, there was an installation before this Company came 

 into existence, and there was an expenditiu-e of £128. Altogether 

 £1,868 had been spent on exhibitions, and that, added to the loss 

 of £6,064, was a very considerable item. Having, however, got all 

 the advantage they could by the exhibitions, they had declined to 

 exhibit any more. Notwithstanding the bad appearance such 

 figures must make on a balance-sheet, the directors think the 

 prospects of real business warrant an increase in capital to the 

 amount of £500,000. 



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