364 Index 



Rivers, 43, 44, 46, 53 

 Rooks, 262, 330 

 Romans, 348 9 

 Roots, 35. 52, 55, 58, 80, 124 



acid in, 35, 136 



hairs of, 131 



ti length of, 131 



,, effect of sun on, 187 



worm -burrows and, 135 

 Rose, garden, 346 



,, -trees and snow-drifts, 57 

 Rushes, 55 



Russia, 61, 62, 134, 144, 146 

 Rust, 19 



SAFFRON, 351 

 Sahara, 119 

 Salt, 143 



-worts, 144 

 Salts, 137, 153 

 Sand-drifts, 51, 57 

 Santo Domingo, garden in, 13 

 Sap, 92, 107-9 

 Saracens, 349 

 Scarlet-runners, 13 

 Scents, 208, 223, 225, 237-9, 303 

 Sea-reed, 55 



,. -sedge, 55 



-water, 16, 140 



-weeds, 15 

 Sedge, bristles of, 268 

 Seed, destruction of, 286-7 



carried by animals, 265, 276. 355 



birds, 260-72 



M ,. fish, 275 



.. locusts, 275 



., water, 256-9 



wind, 51, 253 



eaten, 327 



feathered, 255 



hooked, 265 



,, in mud, 268 



nitrogen in, 160 



mystery of, 277 

 Seeds, hard coats of, 272, 283, 293 



,, quantity of, 287 



self-burying, 289 



similarity of, 279 



,, size of, 281 



vitality of, 281 

 Seedlings, destruction of, 12, 284, 300, 



319 



Seed-vessels, exploding, 252 

 Smell, sense of, 241, 303-4 

 Snow-drifts, 57 

 Soil, zo, 61-4 



colour of, 185 



Soil, moisture in, 126 

 ,, warmth of, 185 

 Sparrows, 324-7, 331 

 Species cultivated, number of, 4 

 Squirrels, gray, 264 



ground, 64 



red, 263 



tree, 263 



,, seeds planted by, 264, 293 

 Stamens, 195 



,, and petals, 196 

 Starch, 166-7 

 Steam, 24 

 Stigma, 199 

 Strawberry, 218 

 Suez Canal, 120 

 Sugar-cane. 351 

 Sundew, 150 

 Sunflower, 103, 151, 344 

 Sunlight, 161, 177 

 Swallows, 317, 323 



TEMPERATURE, 177 



,. changes of, 26, 181 



tl effect of evaporation 



on, 116, 183 

 ,, effect of ocean on, 



184 



of blossoms, 238 



M of fruit, 113 



of plants, 113, 175 



,, of soil, 185 



Thistles, 146, 297, 303, 331, 357-8 



Thorns, 305-6 



Ticks, 322 



Titmouse, 321 



Tobacco plants, 126 



Tokay, 143 



Transpiration, 93, 106 



Trees, destruction of, 56, 115, 118 

 ,, effect of, on air and soil, 57, 

 103, 118-21, 338-9, 355 



Tulip, 350 



Turkeys and hedges, 272 



Turkestan, birds in, 324 



Turks, 350 



VALLISNERIA, 214 

 Vanilla, 298 

 Venus's fly-trap, 149 

 Vine, 143, 180, 187 

 Vineyards, 143, 159 

 Violet, 205, 206 



WARMTH OF BLOSSOMS, 238 



need of, 217 

 Wasps, 235-6, 335 



