236 
(d) 
(e) 
ANATOMY OF THE RABBIT. 
its branches crossing the masseter. They are distributed as 
motor nerves to the cutanecus muscles of the face, including 
the platysma. 
The external maxillary artery (a. maxillaris externa) ap- 
pears at the ventral border of the mandible immediately in 
front of the masseter. It passes upward to the anterior 
margin of the eye, ending in the angular artery (a. angul- 
aris). Its chief branches to the anterior portion of the face 
are: (1) the submental artery (a. submentalis) to the chin; 
(2) the inferior labial artery (a. labialis inferior) to the 
lower lip; and (3) the superior labial artery to the 
upper lip. 
A small vessel, the transverse facial artery, crosses the cheek, 
running along the ventral border of the zygomatic arch. It is a branch 
of the superficial temporal (p. 242). 
The anterior facial vein (v. facialis anterior) accompanies 
the external maxillary artery. It begins in front of the eye 
as the angular vein, and receives as tributaries the superior 
and inferior labial veins. 
2. Dissection of the facial muscles. These muscles arise from the 
facial portion of the skull, and are inserted into the skin about the 
upper and lower lips. 
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
The quadratus labii superioris. Origin: Dorsal portion 
of the maxillary fossa. Insertion: Skin of the upper lip.* 
The subcutaneus faciei. Origin: Lateral border of the 
premaxilla, its frontal process, and the supraorbital process 
of the frontal. Insertion: Skin of the dorsal surface of the 
nose. 
The muscle is closely associated in front of the eye witha conspicuous 
band of fibres arising from the anterodorsal margin of the zygomatic 
arch. The latter muscle is probably a corrugator supercilii, operating 
in conjunction with the orbicularis in firmly closing the eye. 
The zygomaticus minor. Origin: Anterior end of the 
zygomatic arch. Insertion: Skin of the angle of the mouth. 
The levator alae nasi. Origin: Maxillary fossa. Insertion: 
Lateral cartilage of the nose. The muscle is very slender, 
and is inserted by a long tendon which underlies the in- 
*The levator alae nasi, and zygomaticus minor muscles may be considered to 
be subdivisions of this muscle. 
