THE PRESERVATION OF MATERIAL. 287 
Finally, there are characteristic changes in the body. The abdo- 
men becomes greatly distended, the subcutaneous tissue swollen, 
the eyes protrude, and there is usually more or less frothing at 
the nose. Leakage, either in the area of the incision or at the nose, 
is sometimes a sign of too much pressure. In the former case the 
leakage is frequently behind the cannula, and may be stopped by 
artery forceps. In the latter case there is no recourse but to 
confine the fluid to the nasal cavity by tying the nostrils. 
After the embalming process the rubber tube is disconnected 
from the cannula, the latter being left carefully in place. The 
animal is then set aside, preferably for a few hours, but if wanted 
for use immediately the injection may be made after several 
“minutes, usually with satisfactory results. 
The injection mass may be made by mixing ordinary starch and 
water to the consistence of thin cream; then adding a finely-ground 
coloring material, such as vermilion or a very small quantity of 
carmine. There is some advantage in using a 5% formalin instead 
of water alone in making up this mass, the arteries having after- 
wards a brighter appearance, which is doubtless due partly to 
better preservation and partly to the fixing of the starch in the 
vessels. The mass must be thoroughly strained before use, in 
order to avoid the presence in it of particles which are too large to 
go through the cannula. The injection is made with a syringe, 
the latter being provided with a rubber tube of the same kind 
as that used in the embalming process. The mass is sent in by 
applying a gentle, even pressure, and it is sometimes advantageous 
to allow the injection to run backward and forward in the tube, 
each time applying a little more pressure. When the vessels have 
been filled in this way, the tube is clamped. By drawing on one 
cord of the ligature the knot is loosened sufficiently to withdraw 
the cannula, and by keeping a finger pressed on the end of the 
vessel, the knot may then be drawn tight without loss of injection. 
It sometimes happens, despite ordinary precautions, that the 
cannula becomes clogged either with settled starch or with coagu- 
lated blood. In this case it may be easily removed, cleaned, and 
replaced. The same cannula should always be used. 
Material prepared according to the directions given above will 
keep indefinitely, provided, however, that precautions are taken 
