6o8 , ulloa's voyage to south amehica. 



The archbifliopric of Lima, to which the precedence in every refpeft belongs, fhall 

 he the fubjed of this chapter. It contains fourteen jurifdidions, which I fliall treat of 

 in the order of their fituation, beginning with thofe neareft the capital, and concluding 

 with thofe which are moft remote : the fame method fhall alfo be obferved in the other 

 diocefes. 



I. The Curcado or circuit of Lima. IX. Yauyos. 



II. Chancay. X. Caxatambo. 



III. Santa. XI. Sarma. 



IV. Canta. XII. Jouxa. 



V. Canete. XIII. Conchucos, 



VI. lea, Pifco, and Nafca. XIV. Guyalas. 

 VII. Guarachia. XV. Guamalies. 



VIII. Guanuco. 



I. II. III. The jurifdi£tions of Lima, Chancay, and Santa have been already defcribed 

 in Chap. III. 



IV. The jurifdiflion of Canta begins at the diftance of five leagues north-north-eaft 

 of Lima, where it terminates on the curcado of that city. It extends above thirty 

 leagues, and the greater part of them taken up by the firft branch of the Cordillera of 

 the Andes; fo that the temperature of the air is different in different parts of the 

 country ; that part which lies low or among the valleys being hot, thofe on the fkirts 

 of the mountains, which are alfo intermixed with fome plains, temperate ; and thofe 

 in the upper parts of the mountains cold. This difference of air is of great advantage 

 both to the fruits of the earth and paftures ; for by appropriating every fpecies to its 

 proper degree of heat, the produce is large, and exceedingly good. Among all the 

 fruits the papa is particularly diftinguifhed, and the roots carried to Lima, where they 

 meet with a good market. The vaft fields of bombon, part of which belongs to this 

 jurifdiQion, are by their high fituation always cold ; yet they afford pafture for innu- 

 merable flocks of fheep. Thefe extenfive trads of land are divided into haciendas, or 

 eftates belonging to noble families of Lima. At Guamantanga, one of the towns in 

 this jurifdi6tion, is a miraculous crucifix, devoutly worlhipped ; the inhabitants of Lima, 

 and the neighbouring G<5untry, go thither in pilgrimage at Whitfuntide to aflifl at a fef- 

 tival, inflituted particularly in honour of it. 



V. The town of Canete is the capital of the jurifdidion of its name. Its jurifdidion 

 begins at the diftance of fix leagues fouth from Lima, and extends along the coafl in 

 the fame rhumb above thirty leagues. The temperature of the air in this jurifdidion is 

 the fame with that in the valleys of Lima ; and the country being watered by a large 

 river, and other leffer flreams, produced vaft quantities of wheat and maize. Great 

 part of the lands are planted with canes, from whence they extract an excellent fugar. 

 Thefe profitable trails of land belong alfo to noble families. In the neighbourhood of 

 Chilca, fituated about ten leagues from Lima, is found faltpetre of which gunpowder is 

 made at that city. Befides thefe advantages it has a good filhery, which affords a com- 

 fortable fubfiftence to the Indian inhabitants of the towns, particularly thofe fituated 

 near the fea-coaft : together with plenty of fruits, puMe, and poultry, the breeding of 

 which is another occupation of the Indians ; whence a large trade is carried on between 

 this jurifdiftion and Lima. 



VI. lea, Pifco, and Nafca, are three towns which denominate this jurifdi£tion ; one 

 part of it runs along the coaft fouthward, and its territories extend above fixty leagues ; 



3 but 



