WLLOA*S VOYAGE TO SOUTH AMERICA. ' * 609 



but are intermixed with fome deferts, and the country being fandy^ thofe parts which 

 are beyond the reach of the trenches cut from the rivers are generally barren. I fay 

 generally, becaufe there are fome tra6ls, which, without the benefit of an artificial 

 watering, are planted with vines, and produce excellent grapes, the roots being fup- 

 plied with moifture from the internal humidity of the earth. Great quantities of wines 

 are made from them, and chiefly exported to Callao, and from thence to Guayaquil 

 and Panama ; alfo to Guamanga, and other inland provinces : they alfo extract from 

 thefe wines great quantities of brandy. Some parts of this jurifdidlion are plarlted with 

 olive-trees, which produce excellent fruit either for eating or oil. The fields, which 

 are v/atered by the trenches, yield an uncommon plenty of wheat, maize, and fruits. 

 The jurifdidion of lea is remarkable for fpacious woods of algarrobales or carob-trees, 

 with the fruit of which the inhabitants feed vail numbers of aflfes, for the ufes of agri- 

 culture. The Indians who live near the fea apply themfelves to fifhing, and after fak- 

 ing carry it to the towns among the mountains,' where they never fail of a good market. 



VII. The jurifdiction of Guarachia contains the firft chain and part of the fecond 

 of the mountains, extending itfelf along thefe chains above forty leagues. This province 

 begins about fix leagues eaft of Lima. From the difpofition of its parts, thofe places 

 only which lie in the valley, and in the breaches of the mountains, are inhabited ; and 

 thefe are very fertile, producing great quantities of fruit, wheat, barley, maize, and 

 other grain. In its mountains are feveral filver mines, though but few of them are 

 wrought, being none of the richeft. 



VIII. Guanuco is a city and the capital of its jurifditlion, which begins forty leagues 

 north-eaft of Lima. This city was formerly one of the principal in thefe kingdoms, 

 and the fettlement of fome of the firft conquerors ; but at prefent in fo ruinous a con- 

 dition, that the principal houfes where thefe great men lived remain as it were only 

 monuments of its former opulence. The other parts of it can hardly be compared to 

 an Indian town. The temperature of the air in the greateft part of its territories is very 

 pure and mild ; and the foil fruitful. Several kinds of fweetmeats and jellies are made 

 here, and fold to other provinces. 



IX. The jurifdidion of Yauyos begins twenty leagues fouth-eaft from Lima, and 

 takes up part of the firft and fecond chain of the Cordilleras ; confequently the tempe- 

 rature of the air is different in different parts. The greateft length of this jurifdiQ:ioii 

 is about thirty leagues, and abounds in fruit, wheat, barley, maize, &c. whilft other 

 parts are continually clothed with verdure, and feed numerous herds and flocks for the 

 markets of Lima ; and thefe are the moft confiderable articles of its commerce. 



X. Thejurifdidion of Caxatamba, which begins thirty-five leagues north of Lima, 

 extends about twenty leagues, and partly among the mountains, whence the tempera- 

 ture of the air is various ; but the whole territory is very fertile in graiji. It has alfo 

 fome filver mines, which are worked, and the Indians have manufa^ures of bays, 

 which make part of the trade of this jurifdiftion. 



XL The jurifdidion of Sarma is one of the largeft in this archbifhopric. It begins 

 forty leagues north-eaft from Lima, and terminates eaft ward on a tract of land inhabited 

 by wild Indians, called Maran-cochas, who often make inroads into the territories of 

 this jurifdiftion. The difference of the air in its feveral parts, renders it capable of 

 producing all kinds of grain and fruits, which the inhabitants are not wanting to 

 improve. The temperate parts are fown with wheat, barley, maize, and other grain ; 

 while the colder parts afford pafture to infinite numbers of cattle of all kinds. This 

 province is alfo rich in filver mines ; and as many of them are worked, they fpread 

 aflHuence all over the country, Befides thefe important four'wes of commerce, and that 



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