ULLOa's voyage to south AMERICA. 613 



The jurlfdidions in the diocefe of Guamanga, are 



I, Guamanga. VI. Angaraes. 



II. Guanta. VII. CalHo Vineyna. 



III. Vilcas Guaman. VIII. Parina-Cocha. 



IV. Andogualas. IX. Lucanas. 

 V. Guanca Belica. 



I. The jurifdidion of Guamanga enjoys in every part fo good a temperature, that it 

 abounds in variety of grain, fruit, and cattle, and is very populous. One part of its 

 commerce confifts in bend-leather for foles of fhoes, which are cut out here. Conferves 

 and fweetmeats are here made in great quantity. 



II. The jurifdiftion of Guanta, which lies north-north-weft of Guamanga, begins a 

 little above four leagues from that city, and is in length about thirty leagues. It is very 

 happy in the temperature of the climate, and fertihty of the earth ; but its filver mines, 

 which were formerly very rich,, are now greatly exhaufted. In an illand formed by the 

 river Jouxa, called in that country Tayacaxa, grows in remarkable plenty the caca al- 

 ready mentioned. This herb, and the lead produced from the mines of that metal in 

 this country, are the branches of its commerce. It fupplies the city of Guamanga with 

 great part of its corn and fruits. 



III. South-eaft of Guamanga, and between fix and feven leagues from that city, is 

 Vilcas Guaman, which extends above thirty leagues. The greateft part of this country 

 lying in a temperate air, befides a fufficiency of corn and fruits, and efculent vegetables, 

 has very fine paftures, in which are bred vaft quantities of cattle of all kinds. The In- 

 dians in the towns of this jurifdidlion apply themfelves to weaving bays, corded ftufFs, 

 and other branches of the woollen manufa£lory, which are carried to Cufco, and other 

 provinces ; but this trade is rendered very laborious by the great diftance of the feveral 

 places. Here is ftill remaining a fort built by the old Indians, and refembles that al- 

 ready defcribed, near the town of Cannar ; at the town of Vilcas Guaman was another, 

 very famous, but taken down in order to erect a church with the ftones. 



IV. Eaft, a little inclining to the fouth of Guamanga, is Andogualas, extending eaft- 

 ward along an intermediate fpace between two branches of the Cordillera, above twenty 

 miles, having the advantage of being watered by feveral fmall rivers. Its climate is 

 partly hot, and partly temperate, fo that the foil, being watered by thefe ftreams, pro- 

 duces all kinds of fruits and grain in great plenty, efpecially maize, wheat, and fugar- 

 canes. This province is one of the moft populous in all thofe parts ; in it the gentry of 

 Guamanga have large fugar plantations. 



V. The government of Guanca Belica begins thirty leagues north of Guamanga. 

 The town which gives name to this government was founded on account of the famous 

 rich quickfilver mine ; and to the working it, the inhabitants owe their whole fubfift- 

 ence, the coldnefs of the air checking the growth of all kinds of grains and fruits, fo 

 that they are obliged to purchafe them from their neighbours. The town is noted for 

 a water where fuch large petrifadions are formed, that the inhabitants ufe them in build- 

 ing boufes, and other works. The quickfilver mines wrought here fupply with that 

 neceflary mineral all the filver-mines of Peru ; and notviithitanding the prodigious quan- 

 tities already extradled no diminution is perceived. Some attribute the difcovery of 

 thefe mines to a Portuguefe, called Henrique Garces, in the year 1566, who accident- 

 ally met an Indian with fome pieces of cinnaber, called by the Indians, Ilimpi, and ufed 

 in painting their faces. But others, among w^hom are Acofta, Laett, and Efcalona, fay 

 that the mines of Guanca Belica were difcovered by a Navincopa, or Indian, and fer- 



vant 



