ULLOA's voyage to south AMERICA. 621 



VI. The laft jurlfdidion of this diocefe is Arica, which extends along the coaft of 

 the South Sea. Befides the heat, and inclemency of the air, the greateft part of the 

 country is barren, producing only aji, or Guinea-pepper, from which alone it derives 

 a very advantageous trade, as may eafily be imagined from the vaft confumption of it 

 in all thefe parts of America. Accordingly the dealers in this commodity refort 

 thiiher from the provinces on the other fide of the mountains, and by computation, 

 the annual produce of thefe plantations amounts to no lefs than 600,000 dollars per 

 annum. The pods of this pepper are about a quarter of a yard in length, and when 

 gathered are dried in the fun, and packed up in bags or rulhes, each bag containing 

 an aroba, or quarter of a hundred weight ; and thus they are exported to all parts 

 of the kingdom, and ufed as an ingredient in moft of their difhes. Other parts of. 

 this jurifdidiion are famous for vaft quantities of large and excellent olives, far ex- 

 ceeding the fineft produced in Europe, being nearly as large as a hen*s egg. They 

 extrad: fome oil from their olives, and find a good market for it in the provmces of the 

 Cordillera ; others are pickled, and fome, together with a fmall quantity of oil, ex- 

 ported to Callao. 



CHAP. XIII. -— Of the Audience of Charcas, 



THE province of Charcas, in the extent of its jurifdi£tion, is equal to that of 

 Lima; but with this advantage, that many of its parts are not fo well inhabited, fome 

 being full of vaft deferts and impenetrable forefts ; while others are full of vaft plains, 

 intercepted with the ftupendous heights of the Cordilleras, fo that it is Inhabited in 

 thofe parts only which are free from thefe inconveniences. The name of Charcas 

 formerly included many populous provinces of Indians, whom the Ynca Capac 

 Yupanqui fubjefted to his empire ; but he carried his arms no farther than the pro- 

 vinces of Tutyras and Chaqui, where he terminated his conquefts towards Callafuyo. 

 On the death of this monarch, his fon, Ynca Roca, the fixth in the fucceffion of 

 thofe emperors, pufhed his conquefts farther in the fame part, till he became fovereign 

 of all the intermediate nations to the province of Chaquifaca, where was afterwards 

 founded the city of Plata, atv prefent the capital of the whole province* of Charcas. 

 Its jurifdiAion begins on the north fide, at Vilcanota, belonging to the province of 

 Lampa in the diocefe of Cufco, and reaches fouthward to Buer^s Ayres. Eaftward it 

 extends to Brafil, being terminated by the meridian or demarcation ; and weftward 

 part of it reaches to the South Sea, particularly at Atacama, the moft northern part 

 of it on this fide. The remainder of Charcas borders on the kingdom of Chili. 

 Thefe vaft trails of the land give one archbiftiop, and five bifliops his fuffragans, 

 namely, 



^ The archbifliop of Plata. 



Biflioprics : 

 I. La Pas. IV. Paraguay. 



II. Santa Cruz de la Sierra. V. Buenos Ayres. 



III. Tucuman. 



Archbiftiopric of the Audience of Charcas, or Chuquifaca. — La Plata. 



The Spaniards having conquered all the provinces between Tumbez and Cufco, and 

 quelled the tumults formed among the conquerors themfelves, turned their thoughts 



on 



