ULLOa's voyage to south AMERICA. 655 



diftance from the coaft as he had done. And thus he had the honour of leading the 

 way in that expeditious courfe, which has ever fmce been followed. 



In all this paflage you have an eafy fea, the fwell coming fometimes from the fouth- 

 eaft, fouth or eaft being the points from whence the wind blows ; at others, from the 

 fouth-weft and weft, particularly after you are ten or twelve degrees from the coall. 

 And it is only near the ifland of Juan Fernandes that you meet with a hollow fea. The 

 courfe of the waves is there fufficiently manifeft ; for, on quitting the coaft of Callao 

 to about fixty degrees farther to the fouth, their courfe is to the northwards : but from 

 between the parallels of fixteen and twenty degrees, their courfe is imperceptible ; 

 while in higher latitudes they run with fome force fouth and fouth-weft, and with a 

 greater velocity in winter than in fummer ; as I know from my own experience, hav- 

 mg, in my fecond voyage to Chili, in the year 1744, at the end of Oftober, and be- 

 ginning of November, taken the greateft care, that the diftances between the knots on 

 the log line ftiould be forty-feven Paris feet and a half, for meafuring the fhip's way ; 

 but every day found, that the obferved latitude exceeded the latitude by account ten or 

 fifteen minutes. The fame obfervation was made by Don George Juan, in both his 

 voyages ; as well as by the captain and officers of the French ftiip, in which I return- 

 ed : fo that the reality of the courfe of the fea is proved beyond exception ; and, in 

 this manner, it continues to the 38th or 40th degree of latitude. 



In the latitude of 34° 30' and 4° 10' weft of Callao, you meet with a track of green 

 water, extending north and fouth, and along which you fail above thirty leagues. 

 Probably it runs to a great diftance in that fea, being found in every latitude to the coaft 

 of Guatemala ; but not always under the fame meridian, winding away north- weft. It 

 is alfo met with in a higher latitude than that of Juan Fernandes ; and it has alfo been 

 obferved by fiiips in their courfe to Chiloe, or Baldivia. 



In this paflage, though part of it be at fuch a great diftance from the land, we meet 

 with a kind of birds called Pardelas, which diftinguifti themfelves from all other fpecies, 

 by venturing fo far from the land. They are fomething larger than a pigeon ; their 

 bodies long ; their necks fliort ; their tails of a proper proportion, and their wings long 

 and flender. There are two forts of thefe birds, and of different colours, one parda or 

 brown, from whence they derive their name j the other black, and called Pardela Gal- 

 linera, but in other circumftances they are entirely the fame. A fmaller bird is alfo 

 feen in thefe feas, called Alma de Maeftre ; it is white fpotted with black, and has a 

 long tail ; but it is not fo common as the Pardelas : they are moft frequent in ftormy 

 weather. Within ten leagues of the iflands of Juan Fernandes are feen fome balenatos, 

 or fmall whales ; and at near the fame diftance, fea-wolves ; but the latter feldom go 

 from the fhore. 



Though this fea has not been improperly dignified with the appellation of Pacific, 

 with regard to the interval between the tropics ; yet that particular cannot with any 

 juftice be applied to it, if confidered in its whole extent ; tempeftuous weather being 

 equally common in the latitudes of twenty and twenty-three degrees in the South Sea, 

 as in the oceans of Europe ; and in higher latitudes ftorms are more frequent and vio- 

 lent. I am inclined to think that the firft Spaniards gave it the name of the Pacific 

 Sea, from their being greatly pleafed with its fmoothnefs, and the gentlenefs of the 

 winds in their firft voyages, concluding that it was fo in every part ; but the fury of 

 the winter ftorms, and the roughnefs of the fea, which are equal to thofe in any other 

 parts, abundantly demonftrate that they formed a judgment too haftily. 



Along thefe coafts and the adjacent fea, the winter begins at the fame time as at 

 Lima J that is, in the month of June lafting till October and November 5 but its greateft 



violence 



