68o ULLOa's voyage to south AMERICA. 



Don Francifco Pizarro, a difference arofe between thefe two great men, with regard 

 to the boundaries of their refpeftive governments. Almagro, impatient to take pof- 

 feffion, and pretending that the city of Cufco ought to be included in his government, 

 the conqueft was fufpended, and he himfelf haftened to that city, where, inftead of 

 being inverted with the chief command, he fell a facrifice to the jealoufy of Hernando 

 Pizarro, who endeavoured to conceal his irregular proceedings under the veil of 

 juftice. 



In the year 1541, the conqueft of Chili was again fet on foot, and the Marquis 

 Pizarro conferred the command on Pedro do Valdivia, together with the title of general. 

 Accordingly he marched into the country, and founded moft of the principal towns 

 and villages in it, So that in the year 1548, he was promoted to the government of 

 it, by the prelident of Peru. In the profecution of the conqueft of thefe provinces, 

 he had many fharp ikirmifties with the natives, till at laft, in the year 1553, bravely 

 oppofing a general revolt with a very inferior force, he fell, fighting with the greateft 

 intrepidity, at the head of his troops, the greateft part of whom, enraged at loling fo 

 brave a man, chofe to perifh with him, rather than fave themfelves by flight. His 

 name, befides the figure it makes in hiftory, is ftill preferved in this country, in the 

 town of Valdivia, which he founded. 



The martial genius of the Indians of this kingdom confiderably retarded the reduc- 

 tion of it J and has always been the chief caufe why the Spanifh fettlements here are 

 fo little proportional to the extent, fertility, and riches of the country. Accordingly 

 the captain-generalftiip of this vaft kingdom has only four particular governments, and 

 eleven jurifdfi^ions ; which are the following : 



Particular governments in the kingdom of Chili ; 



I. The major-generalfhip of the III. Valdivia. 



kingdom of Chili. IV. Chiloe, 



II. Valparaifo. 



Jurifdidions in the kingdom of Chili : 



I. Santiago. VII. Quillota. 



II. Rancagua. ^ VIII. Coquimbo. 



III. Colchagua, * ■ IX. Copiapo and Guafco. 



IV. Chilian. X. Mendoza. 



V. Aconcagua, XI. La Conception. 



VI. Melipilla. 



I. To the major-generalfhip of the kingdom of Chili, belongs the military govern- 

 ment of the frontier towns and fortrelTes, Thefe are Arauco, the ftated refidence of 

 the general Santajuana, Puren, Los Angeles, Tucapel, and Yumbel. It will be here 

 neceflary to obferve, that not above five leagues fouth of Conception bay, the fea re- 

 ceives a river called Biobio, both the fouth banks and head of which are inhabited by 

 wild Indians : and to prevent their incurfions, ftrong forts have been ereded along the 

 banks, and are always well garrifoned and furnifhed with all kinds of military ftores. 

 Among thefe on the fouth banks of the river is the fort of Arauco, and the others 

 at a proper diftance eaftward to the mountain of Tucapel. Thus all attempts from 

 thefe Indians is precluded, and the Spanifh fettlements proteded from their depreda- 

 tions. The general is obliged to vifit thefe forts from time to time, carefully infpe£t- 



ing 



