ULLOA*S VOYAGE TO SOUTH AMERICA. 689 



the congrefs, negleds no means of Ingratiating himfelf with the whole body. On thefe 

 occafions a kind of fair is held at both camps, great numbers of Spaniards repairing 

 thither with fuch goods as they know will pleafe the Indians, who alfo come with their 

 ponchos and cattle. Both parties deal by exchange, and never fail of felling their whole 

 flocks ; and of obferving in their dealings the moft exadt candour and regularity, as a 

 fpecimen in which all future commerce is to be conduced. 



Though thefe Indians have fhewn fuch a determined averfion to fubmltting to the 

 Spanifh monarchs, their behaviour has been very different to the mifTionaries, whom 

 they voluntarily permitted to come among them; and many have even fhewed the 

 greatefl joy at being baptized. But it is extremely difficult to prevail on them to quit 

 their free manner of living ; which being produQ:ive of vice and favagenefs, prepofTefTes 

 the mind againll the precepts of the Chriflian religion. Before the war of the year 1 723, 

 the miffionaries, by their indefatigable zeal, had formed feveral villages, hoping by that 

 means to induce their converts to pradife the doctrines of the Chriftian faith. Thefe 

 villages were called St. Chriflopher, Santa Fc, Santa Juana, St. Pedro, and La Mocha, 

 all of them being under the infpedion of the Jefuits. The chaplains alfo of the forts 

 on the frontiers had an additional falary for inftrufting a certain number of Indians. 

 But on that general infurredion, their innate favagenefs returned, all thefe converts 

 abandoned the miffionaries, and joined their countrymen. On the re-eflablifhment of the 

 peace, they again folicited the miffionaries to come among them ; and fome communities 

 have been fince formed ; but they are far fhort of their former promifmg flate, it being 

 very difficult to bring even this fmall number to embrace a focial life. 



Amidfl all the fanguinary rage of thefe Indians in their hoflilities againfl the Spaniards, 

 they generally fpare the white women, carrying them to their huts, and ufmg them as 

 their own. And hence it is, that many Indians of thofe nations have the complexions 

 of the Spaniards born in that country. In time of peace many of them come into the 

 Spanifh territories, hiring themfelves for a certain time to work at the farm houfes, and 

 at the expiration of the term return home, after laying out their wages in the purchafe 

 of fuch goods as are valued in their country. All of them, both men and women, wear 

 the poncho and manta, which they weave from wool, and though it cannot be properly 

 called a drefs, it is abundantly fufficient for decency ; whereas the Indians at a greater 

 diftance from the Spanifh frontiers, as thofe who uihabit the countries fouth of Valdivia, 

 and the Chonos who live on the continent near Chiloe, ufe no fort of apparel*. The 

 Indians of Arauco, Tucapel, and other tribes near the river Biobio, take great delight 

 in riding, and their armies have fome bodies of horfe. Their weapons are large fpears, 

 javelins, &c. in the ufe of which they are very dextrous. 



CHAP. X. — Voyage from Conception to the IJland of Juan Fernandes ; and from thence 



to Valparaifo, 



THE fhips being come to an anchor in the port of Talcaguana, we waited on Don 

 Pedro de Mendinueta, at the city of Conception, who informed us that the commodore 

 Don Jofeph Pizarro, together with the land and fea officers, were arrived at Santiago, 

 and that he intended to fet out for Valparaifo, in order to hoifl his flag on board the 

 Efperanza, and take upon him the command of that fquadron : on receiving this intel- 



* Thefe Indians now drefs like the former. A, 



VOL. XIV. 4T ligencc, 



