nieuhoff's brazil. g5Q 



drink at their merry-meetings ; efpecially of the Bakovas, Ananas, Maiigaba, Janipaba, 

 Karaguata, kc. For though the vines here bear grapes three times a year, neverthe- 

 lefs are they not fufficient to furnifh them with wine. They make a kind of cyder, 

 called by them Kooi, of the apple Akaju ; thefe they ftamp in a wooden mortar and 

 fqueeze the juice out with their hands, which after it is fettled they ftrain ; it appears 

 at firlt like milk, but turns to a pale colour in a few days ; its tafte is tartifh, and apt 

 to feize the head if drank in any quantity ; after fome time it turns four, and makes 

 very good vinegar. The wine or liquor called by the Brazilians Aipy, is made two 

 different ways : firfl, the llices of the root Aipimakakara, a kind of mandioka, are 

 chewed by old women till they are as fluid as a pap, which they call Karaku ; this they 

 put in a pot, and boil it with a good quantity of water, ftirring it continually till they 

 think it fit for expreffion, which done, they call it Kaviaraku, and drink it luke-warm. 

 Or elfe they take the fame root purged and fliced in thin pieces, which they flamp and 

 boil with water as before, which produces a whitifh liquor, not unlike our butter-milk 

 or whey ; they drink it likewife warm, its tafte being agreeable enough ; they call it 

 Kacimakaxera, though both kinds are generally comprehended under the name of 

 Aipy. The Hquor called Pakoby is made out of the fruit of the tree Pakobete. What 

 the Portuguefe call Vinho da Millo, is a liquor called Abaty by the Brazilians, and 

 made of barley and Turkey wheat, called maize by the Indians ; the liquor Nandi has 

 alfo derived its name from that excellent fruit called Nana of Ananas, being the ftrongeft 

 of all their wines or cyders. There is another fort of liquor called Vinho da Batatas 

 by the Portuguefe, becaufe it is made of the root Batatas : the natives call it Jetici. 

 Thus the liquors called Beeutingui and Tipiaci, are both made out of the farinha of the 

 mandioka root, viz. of the Beju and Tepioja. 



The Brazilians are alfo great admirers of French or Rhenilh brandy, called by them 

 Kacitata, and fwallow it very greedily as often as they can come at it. They are no 

 lefs fond of tobacco, the herb of which they call Petima, and the leaves Petimaoba. 

 After they have dried the leaves in the air, they lay them before the fire, to render 

 them the more fit for cutting. They fmoke in pipes made of the fliell of the nut Pin- 

 doba, or of the Urukuruiba, Jocara, Aqua, or fuch like ; to wit, they cut a hole in 

 one end of the fliell, take out the kernel, and, after they have jioliflied them, put a 

 wooden pipe or piece of reed in the hole. The Tapoyers ufe very large pipes made of 

 ftone, wood, or clay, the holes of which are fo big, that they contain a handful of 

 tobacco at a time. Sometimes the Brazilians make ufe of our European pipes, called 

 by them Amrupetunbuaba, and Broken Katunbaba by the Portuguefe, and Katgebouw 

 by the Dutch. Whenever the Tapoyers, efpecially thofe inhabiting the villages, de- 

 fcended from the Tapoyers called Kariri, prepare the liquors Akavi and Aipy, it is 

 done at the fame time ; then a day being appointed for a general merry-meeting, they 

 meet early in the morning at the firft houfe of the village they belong to, where they 

 confume moft of the liquor, and make themfelves merry with dancing ; this done, 

 they go to the next houfe, where they play the fame game, and fo from houfe to houfe, 

 till nothing be left or they can drink no longer. When they find themfelves over- 

 charged with liquor, they fpew, and fall to drinking again ; and thus, he who can fpew 

 and drink moft, is accounted the braveft fellow of the company. 

 Of the coall of Brazil. 



On the north-weft coaft of Brazil are feveral confiderable falt-pits : that near the houfe 

 called the Defert, is about three or four leagues diftant from the river Aguarama, of which 

 one branch extends to the eaft, and difcharges its water in this falt-pit with a fprjng-tide, 

 which is here commonly with the new moon. It is aboiit five hundred and fifty paces 



from 



