1483. County map of New York State 



the climate in their i 

 shores of Lakes Erie !ui 

 interests, — the former i 

 latter for its strawberri. 

 of its snug winters, thci 

 buds bv"warm sprll-.,' 

 of loss fr..i,i -^i.rin- fn 

 less from fn.-^t than it .1 

 New Y.,rk .■..mains a 



arhood. The 

 horticultural 

 s grapes, the 



rally 



the 



(aside from general mix.-.l farnm j i- i m j, I'ii. 

 second industry is fruit-i;r..»-ini:. . ,,, 



extending more rapidly than tin . i ,. I 



fruit is the apple. Nearly all iiari- .f tli. -in. -..■•. 

 apples easily, but the great comnn-n-ial apple-Krowinir 

 regions are the counties of Wayne, Monroe, Orleans, 

 Niagara, with important extensions in Ontario, Gene- 

 see and a.l.jaci.-Tit .■. .unties and in Columbia and other 



east-IIii.l-.'ii :*;. -. A full .'iv.p ,-,f appl.-s in New 



York is . . ..-' r ., - i.Ki l.arr.N. Hnl.lwin is 



the lca.|;i_- a. nil. v -aIm.-I lipv a 



closes.-. 1 !■, ,. . :. .:.;, 1.. -I.'. . l;l....l.- Islaii.lCreen- 



ing, and Ai... ... au i. ...I.u i;u-..-a are imp..rtaut com- 

 mercial varieties. Of late, Ben Davis has been widely 

 planted, but it is probable that this variety will always 

 bold a secondary place in the northeastern states. Un- 

 til within the last decade, most New York apple orchards 

 have been in sod; but, under the stimulus of rational 

 horticultural teaching, 7.5 per cent of the orchards 

 in the apple-growing counties are now under a 

 most thorough system uf clean tillau'e. Fig. 1485. Most 

 of these orcbar.l- .in -i - . ■ ;. (•!■■>]'■ Iiave been heavy 

 in recent vear- i ' : i , , . .r,.,\ good ; as a 

 result, the" appl. , ; .-.ndition. Tlie 

 most thorougli I... ,i,. i, .; i|.loyed in car- 

 ing for the ort-liai-.l.-, au.l lu .li [.u-iu^' uf the crop. A 

 large part of the apple crop is exported, although there 

 is a very large business in evaporated fruit. 



The sr ] I 1 I 1 e in New York po- 



ni..|..:;, I 1 levoted to this in- 



<l:i m Chautauqua 



.■. i ! t Lake Erie, The 



i.iii' 1 1" I i ke region and the 



Huilson r I I I t eas stand for three 



types of \ t ullu e— eailv and special table grapes for 

 near-by markets in the Hudson valley staple varieties 

 for wine and grape juice in parts of the lake region 

 I iiiirtiiiihirly on Keuka lake) ; general-purpose varieties 

 r .1 11 I ant markets in the Chautauqua region. In the 

 I -i.n, Catawba is a leading variety. In Chautau- 

 1 .ii.-.jrd far outstrips all others. A normal out- 

 I .1 ..! table grapes in New York is about 60,000 to 

 70.000 tons; of wine between 2,000,000 and 3,000,000 

 gallons. The grape areas lie close to the lakes or large 

 rivers, thereby receiving the benefit of the ameliorated 

 local climate. 



New y..ri; i^ l:n.-.-.i nl-.. f.r it- p.ni-, Tl..- apple 



counties n ■• -I :.' ■■ , .i' 1 < ' ■ ■ . ' " ..!■': ■ ■ an.l 



Columbia ■■<■■.' ... ' M ' ! '.It 



isthe Stai-I. ... ,, ■■ .' 1., ,, : :, , ; 111., 



first place in r.'-. 1,1 \._.ir-.. 'I I... i.iitii!";r ..f l'- .a.iir.a'.jial 

 varieties, however, is relatively large. Tlie I'ulture of 

 dwarf pears is popular and has reached a high degree 

 of perfection. Thrifty and productive orchards 40 and 

 50 years old stand in various parts of the state. 



The plum is largely planted in western New York, in 

 many varieties. In acreage, Lombard probably leads, but 

 several other varieties excel in commercial importance. 

 The Damsons are largelv grown; also the German and 

 It.n:.n 1-1 II,. , il-.nt th.-' latt.-r are not dried). The 

 .1 i: ' ■ ' : ::i-. n..--,' .vi.|. 1 \- planted, and are giving 



L'. ■ : . .i. 'I'll' \ ar. ri.n-ly injured by late 



spj I, ■ I ■ i ' !,. iiiipr. .V .'.I nai 1'. .■ jilums are relatively 



