1192 



PALAUA 



solitary; calyx 5-cut: ovary maTiy-celled; style stig^a- 

 tose at the apex; carpels crowded without order. 



flezndsa, Mast. Slender, branched from roots : stems 

 8-10 in. long, ascending, flexuous above: leaf-stalks 1-2 

 in. long; blades 1-2 in. long and broad, triangular in oiit- 

 line, pinnatifld, the segments lobed; lobes obtuse: fls. 

 mauve, paler towards center, with bright red anthers 

 which are very numerous and arranged in 5 longitudinal 

 series; styles'25-30. Peru. B.M. 5768. 



PALAVA. See Palana. 



PALItTEUS (ancient Greek name). lihamndcew. 

 Spiny trees or shrubs with alternate, 2-ranked. .'!-norvcd 

 Ivs., small greeiii-^)i v-'-llov H---. iit Mvillnrv rlti-tfr'^ mid 

 orbicular broad I \ w '■! ^ ■! - m i m.m ^ h -i.:m.m,i i cimi - r.-.-m- 



bling ahead witii n ■:•■■•• i ' -".'i - ..■ .'i! i i ■.;.. rt,.s 



cultivated in tlii^ ■ i i : i i i. i iDimI 



Washington, D. r, ; m \]:<--. r. i~ i ■ I. m .i,r\ hmii.t 

 almost to the ground t'vi-n w ii ii | ri>i-rMMii. mid the yuiiiig 

 shoots flower but bear no frini. Ii i^ mil \(-ry ornamental, 

 butthe dark green foliat,'!- is |.r.ii> nm! tin- i-urious fruits 

 are interesting. It thrives iii :iiiy wcU-ilniined soil and 

 prefers a sunny and warm position. Prop, by seeds 

 stratifled or sown in autumn and by layers or root-cut- 

 tings. Four species from S. Europe to China and Japan. 

 Stipules usually changed into spines: fls. small, perfect, 

 in axillary or sometimes terminal cymes; petals 5, 2- 

 lobed; stamens 5: fr. woody, Scelled, depressed sub- 

 globose, with a broad, orbicular, horizontal wing; cells 

 1-seeded. 



Spina-Christi, 'Mil 



tus, Desf. Xi-:nrl'"- 



"trt'iUs, Gasrtn. P. acuhA- 

 ' Willd. Bhdmnus Pali- 



:n'. Christ's Thokn. 



, -"luetimes procumbent: 



'I tlif petioles straight, the 



vs. rather slender-petioled, 



nded base, obtuse, nii- 



Spreadiii-. >\>i\t\ 



1 of the -1 Sl.iTirs al 111. 



other hooked and rcciu 



ovate, usually unequal 



nutely serrulate, glabrous, dark green above, pal 



grayish beneath, H-IH in. loug: fls. in axillary short 



peduncled cymes: fr. brownish yellow, about % in 



across, glabrous. June, July. S. Eur. to Himal. and N 



China. B.M. 1893 (as Zisyphus Paliurus) and 2535 ( 



P. )uc^a(i(s).-Thisplai] . . - .. 



the crown of thorn'; wli 



Christ before his rniril 



Spina-Christi to lie iIm- 



These two shrubs iimi 



they hardly can be distil 



berry-like in Zizyphu 



pposed to have furnished 

 IS placed on the head of 

 iitluTS believe Zisyphns 

 the crown was made of. 

 uU other so closely that 

 ul without frs. which are 

 hape of the thorns is ex- 



actly the same in each species. 



P. orimtUis. Hemsl. Tree, to 30 ft.: Ivs. 2-4 in. long, gla- 

 brous: fr. l-lJ.^ in. across, glabrous, purplish. China. Tliis 

 but recently introduced species is perhaps the most ornamental 

 of the genus; it has not proved hardy at the Aruold Arbor- 

 etum -P. ramosisslmns. Poir. (P. Aubletia. Ra?m. & Sclralt.). 

 Shrub similar to P. Spina-Christi, but with both spines straiglit, 

 hirger Ivs. pubescent beneath, and smaller tomentose frs. 

 China. Japan. Alfred Rehder. 



PALM. Plate XXIV. Palms are amongst the most 

 striking plants in tropical floras. Their tall, straight, 

 unbranched trunks siirraounted by a .spreading: cauftpv 

 of huge pinnate or digitate folia'ge distin^-nisli tli. m 

 from nearly all other forms of vegetation. 111. \ ar.- 

 widely spread in tropical regions, being ui"st aKiMnlaiit 

 in America and fi-w in Africa. Tlu-v mv i.iiii.ulaiiy 



conspicuous in til.- i'a.ili.- i lan.l-, .\llli..a-li ll:. I'alllls 



are such bold an. I r.i ,.i ,, : ,i.|. ■■ .. s are 



very imperfeotl\ I I i^i-rat 



difficulty of UKll^ ill- Inli.ariain . | „ .■ i . „. i ; . , ) . . il„- I'lict 



that the greater nuiiiluT of liottuiists an- rf-ni. nts <.t" 

 regions in which Palms do not grow, and to iIh' .litrir 

 ences of opinion as to the relative importan.T ol' tin- 

 various botanical characters. Many of the I'aiiiis liavi- 



lif.fi.r.- til.- n.,v,-.i-- aii.i fruit- are known. When the 



sliil'ti-il, c-aiisiiiy- iiiii.'li i-..nt'iisi..ii. The proper generic 

 uiilvtiown for several years 

 in the horticultural trade, 

 nomenclature which have 



occurred in Palms that have been referred to the 



genera Areca and Kentia. 



after it becomes 

 Consider the changes 



gener; 

 World 

 all All 



stly Asian; Geonoma, with about 100 species, 

 •an; Bactris, about 100, American; Chamse- 



li aliiiiit (iO, all American; Licualii. witli ;ni. 



ill till- small :;i iH-ra, are restricted to very small geo- 

 ^-1 a|.iii.-al n-!,'iiiii-.. often to one island or to a group of 

 ishiiiils. 'I'lii- l';i|]us represent an old type of vegeta- 

 tion, uud they arc now, no doubt, on tlu- d.-.-liiii.. 



Palms have been favorite greenhmi--' -m'.i. t. ilhil 

 the period of the first development ..i . i lani 



house. The stereotyped form of a 



broad or nearly square structure, wiih iia)!-'. I..ii.li.-s 

 ai-ound the sides over tin- li. aiiii;.' i.ip.-s an<l a I'aliu bed 

 in the center. In tin -i . .m,. i \ at.iries a variety of 

 Palms will succeed, r..|iiiiiiiL. m iiln-r- a very high tem- 



,• m great 

 , few spe- 

 lls trade. 



two species of Phoenix. 



Some Palms endure considerable frost without injury. 

 Of such are the Sabals and the Palmettoes of the sonth- 



the Blue Palmetto {J!I>^ 

 far north as South i 'a ! 

 naturally as far nnri I 

 rops (the only Palm n - 

 In the tropics, I'aiin- 



noa sernil(ila) and 

 , Hystrix) occur as 

 Nannorhops grows 

 11 Europe, Charase- 



prob.- 



Copernu 



Europe, as a coiiiii. 

 On the other hand, i 

 and the stony kerm 

 from America in tm 

 small articles. T" 

 influence on the En 

 berless others used 



liy the fibers com- 

 and Cocoa fibers. 

 - ur other of the 



. . - . arv HI tlie 



Wax (from 



I I iilays in 



I I -mail role. 



- ..i I'liytelephas 



ar, aro imported 



used in making 



of considerable 



t be added num- 



re the numerous 



