PAPAVER 



glower if planted thickly. The fls. are of an intense 

 ca-dinal color, without black blotch; the outer petals 

 much larger than the inner, overlapping at the edges, 

 giving it the appearance of a tulip. P. arenarium, in the 

 writer's experience, is scarcely worth growing. 



B. B. Whtte. 



French, 



Peacock, 16. 



Attanticuin.'j). Hookeri, 4. 



aurantiin-um, 14, 15. Iiorriditin, 12. Pyrenaicum, ID. 



hract<'atnm. :(. hybrithiin. 2. 3. ranunculifloram, 4. 



Briiie. 1. iiiimiiculatum, 2. Rhceas, 4. 



Californicum. 9. invalM-mliim, 3. roseum, 3, 15. 



cardinale. 1. Japanese. 4. rubro-atu-antiacmn, 



Caucasicum. 6. .laporiicuni, 4. 14. 



Chinese, 1. lievi{j;ituni. 8. rubrum, 15. 



coccineum, 14. luteuin. 14. 15. rupifragum, 10. 5. 



commutatmn, 4. Mephisto. 1. semiplenuin. 2. 



Com. 4. Mikrulo. i. setlgerum, 1. 



oroceum. 14. .Mm-selli, 1. Shirley, 4. 



Danebrog. 1. namiin, 2. Sintenisii. 2. 



Danish Cross, 1. ninliciiule. 14. somnifemnn, 1. 



Danish Flag, 1. Opium. 1. splendens. 2. 



limbriatum, I orientale, 2. striatum. 14. 



Flag of Tru<'e. 1. paeoniipriorum, 1. sulphureum, 14. 



flavirtonim, 15. p.aeony-tiowered, 1. Tulip, 11. 



rtavum, 15. Parkmanni. 2. 3. umbrosum, 4. 



fhribundum, 6. Pavoniuum. 16. Victorian Cross, 1. 

 Pavonium, 16. 



A. Capsule not bristly. 



B. i^llnments dilated at apex. 



c. Foliage glaucous 1. somniferum 



cc. Foliuije green. 



D. Fls. not bracted 2. orientale 



DD. Fls. with large, leafy 



bracts 3. bracteatum 



BB. Filaments not dilated at 

 apex. 

 1 c. Stem-lvs. not clasping. 



K| i>. Herbage decidedly 



tl bristly or hairy. 



E. Stigmntic rays 8-10. 4. Ehoeas 

 EE. Stigmatic rays 6-8. . 5. rupifragTim, 



var. Atlanticum 

 EEE. Stigmatic rays S-6.. 6. Caucasicum 

 DD. Herbage sparingly 

 bristly or merely 

 pilose-pubescent. 

 E. Petals purple, spotted 

 dark. 

 P. Jjvs. bipinnatisect. 7. arenarium 

 FF. Lvs. pinnately 



parted 8. lEEvigatum 



EE. Petals brick -red, 



spotted green 9. Calitomicum 



EEE. Petals orange -red, 



unspotted 10. rupifragum 



cc. Stem-lrs.clnspi}ig 11. glaucum 



D. nerhaiie lirislUj 12. aculeatum 



i>u. llrrlmiie soft-hairy 1.). pilosum 



AA. CapsuU bristly 



B. Stems leafless 14. nudicaule 



15. alpinum 

 BB. Stems leafy. 



c. Sepals appendaged: cap- 

 sule minute 16. Pavoninum 



IT. Sepals not appendaged: 



capsule large 17. Fersicum 



1. somniferum, Linn. Opium Poppy. Fig. IG.^G. Ro- 

 imst, glaucous and glai.iMU^ |.l:iiit. :;-! ft. high, with lis. 

 4-.i in. across, mucli Ihl. i- tl];ni tiinse of any annual 

 kind. Lvs. oblong. un..|ii,,llv i.."ili( .1 at the base; stem- 

 lvs. cordate at the liii-. : ;., tills ml. irulate, every shade 

 from white through pink ami red to purple, but not yel- 

 low or blue: capsule obovato. stalked, with a flat disk. 

 Greece, Orient. Gn. 9, p. 197. Gt. 40, p. 609; 44, p. 

 593. R.H. 1893. p. 349. S.H. 2:272. 



-\mong the double forms there are two main strains 

 or types, the carnation-fid. and the pjEony-fld. (the lat- 

 ter P. paoniafldrum, Hort.). The former has fringed 



PAPAVER 1207 



petals; the latter not. Both include a wide range of 

 color, and even a yellow form is advertised, but this 

 form is of doubtful Mrith.-ntji-ity. P. Murselli is an- 

 other strain of .l-iil. imiL. .1 kinds, of which Mikado 

 is a favorite. J'. - another trade name for 

 double fringed vii I ; /' . /ma/e is not a botanical 

 name. It is tlif I i ^ , ,| < in-dinal, another strain 

 of doul.lr i,i,:_., : . ,, , r .|.|.H V an-adouble-fld. 

 ruceiiii! i. . ' I. . ihe early nine- 



ties an. I ■ ■ 'I I I i.|.i i!,ii, ■i:i)iis previously 



known. I,MI. i^/;,]. ;i:.. \ n ..,- j- : i,.,lly interesting 



and the stamens are slipposetl h, ■ ■ : i ..[ into 



pi.stils which aetuallv ripen seed. I: -.is long 



ago as 1851 in F.S. 6, p. 242 an. I .._ .i;. n. l,,ll. 1S93, 

 p. 3.49. It seems to be no longer a.l. ci ti-n!, but it was 

 considered constant. 



Among the single varieties, Danebrog is one of the 

 most striking and popular. The white spots at the base 

 of the petals form a cross. This var. is also known as 

 Danish Cross, Danish Flai; and Victorian Cross. Of the 

 pure white kinds, llau ..f Tin.... and The Bride are favor- 

 ites. Mephisto is s.arl.t. s|,.,tt..il black. About a dozen 

 other varieties are adveiTise.l by name. 



Var. setigenim [P. setlgerum. DC). P. setigerum is 

 no longer advertised, but according to Nicholson numer- 

 ous fine strains have originated from it. P. setigerum 

 is now considered a hairy form of P. somniferum. It is 

 a violet-fld. plant native to Corsica and Hyeres. It dif- 

 fers in having oblong Ivs. which are incise'd-toothed, the 

 teeth being narrower and more pointed; also the cap- 

 sule is not stalked, as it sometimes is in P. somniferum. 

 S.B.F.G. 172. 



2. orientile, Linn. Oriental Poppy. Fig. 1637. This 



and the next i 

 also the best, 

 ennials. Plai 



! thei 



ijiibli 



grandifldrum, h^bridi 

 dens, Parkmanni. pie 

 About a dozen tia\ . i . 

 Asia Minor. P. r- . 

 T. D. Hatfiel.i i 

 Poppies are I...11. : .: 



. pilinateiv i.arted; l.ibes ob- 



i-al'su h.Aat... will, a flat 



.. In /'. ..,■„„/.,/,. 11,,. petals 

 a Ma.k spf.t. It was not until 

 111 is species made a decided 

 aM. .lass of hybrids with P. 



i.li ■ xtends the color range 



r. (I to orange, salmon and 



pi.iteil, some are adapted to 



made some progress. Among 



s belonging to tins class are 

 mmaculitum, nanum, splfen- 



semipl^num, and Sintenisii. 

 .1 ...ninion orpersonal names. 



' :t..wing notes: "Oriental 

 .|. 'i aii.r blooming, in late July 

 ii;ust. Til. V al ..ays grow in the autumn, and these 

 a-.l plants w.. III. I start away and make good growth. 

 vi.li.l in sprin-. they would not recover in time to 

 11. .Vny extra ;;. ...d variety can be increased largely 

 ittiii^' the roots into short pieces. This also is best 



in the summer time." 



bracteatum, Lindl. (P. orientale, var.bracteiltttm). 

 IS from the preceding in having large, leafy bracts, 

 rdin^' to Boissier the color of tl.i | , . i "> in the 



is l.li.o.l-red and of P. orieii/.. ' .I.: M-.itho 

 t /'. Itiartcaium are said to I.. 1 , , I . -. eon- 



insteail of flat and the stigniai ,. : Mislead 



-l.j. Caucasus. Persia. B.H. .- ...,.,.-. I , .C. lsi;o:647. 



mentioned in LSiiJ-.", in F.S. 1.",. p. 186, but it seems to be 

 unknown now. Vai s. hybridum, PArkmanni, prsecox and 

 rbsenm are advertise. I. .Sei- also species No. 2. P. in- 

 volucratum. var. muj-imiim, Haage & Schmidt, seems 

 to be a new and undeseribed kind. The name suggests 

 that it may belong here. 



4. Bhaeas, Linn. Corn Poppy. Fig. 1638. Typically 

 a dwarf, green, bristly plant, with pinnately parted 

 foliage and fls. about 2 in. across, two of the petals 

 smaller than the others, all scarlet and spotted black. 

 Height 2 ft. or less. In cultivation every shade known 

 to the Opium Poppy has been reproduced in the Com 

 Poppy, but the fis. ire always smaller. In the wild it 

 varies greatly, the foliage once or twice pinnately 



