pla 



his seeds 



dependent upon the ani 



lid lio 



of the most distinct types of the hundreds of 

 varieties of garden Peas are : 



(1) The earliest kinds, such as Alaska and First and 

 Best, which produce early-maturing, comparatively 

 small pods filled with Peas of rather low quality, on 

 vines about 2 feet high. 



(2) A long list of dwarf -growing sorts like American 

 Wonder (Fig. lU'iU) and Premium Gem, which produce 

 small- or itiedium-sized pods generally crowded W'ith 

 I'cas of tine quality on vines ranging from C-18 inches 



(.i) A large class like Strategem and Heroine, which 

 produce very large pods containing laip-. rich llavured 

 I'eas on thick, heavy vines growing l> " iu'li' Ini'li, 



(4| Lastly, there are the taller j.M" 1 '■ 



Telephone and Champion of England i I i i - . h 



yield large crops of large- or medium-si/.r.| p.-i, -n \ hh s 

 growing from 4-6 feet high. 



In addition to the above-named sorts grown exclu- 

 sively for use as green Peas, there are a number of kinds 

 with hardy, vigorous, tall-growing and usually branched 

 vines which produce in great abundance smooth, hard 

 Peas which are used when ripe for split Peas or other 

 form of "soup stocks" or for stock-feeding; though 

 .some of them, like the Marrowfats and the "Turkey" or 

 French Canner, are quite extensively used for canning, 

 most of the celebrated Petit Pols of France being put 

 up from the last-named variety. In field culture for 

 stock the ground should be made ready in the fall and 

 the surface simply "fined" with a cultivator, disk or 

 gang plow in the spring. As early as the surface can 

 be got into good condition sow broadcast, carefully cov- 

 ering with a gang plow or disk harrow, from 1% to 3 

 bushels of seed to the acre, according to the variety 

 used; or they can be put in rows better with an ordi- 

 nary grain drill, provided it be of a pattern with the 

 feed so arranged that it will not crack the Peas, many 

 a poor stand being due to the seed being injured by the 

 drill. It is generally an advantage to roll after sowing, 

 and in some cases a weeding harrow can be used to ad- 

 vantage when the plants are an inch or two high. The 

 crops should be harvested before the vines are so ripe 

 that the Peas will waste by shelling, and it can be done 

 by pea harvesters, which are attachments to ordinary 

 mowing machines, or cut and "rolled " into windrows or 

 bunches with a short scythe. They are easily threshed. 

 The ordinary yield is from 20 to 50 bushels to the acre. 

 W. W. Tkacy. 



PEA. Everlasting P., Lalhiirus hilifoHiin. Glory P., 

 Vliinitlius Jiiimiiii-rl. Hoary P., Pigeon P., Cajanus 

 /iiiliriis. Scuriy P., Psora lea. Sweet P., LalhijrHs odo- 

 rala.-: and Sweel Pea. 



PEACH. Plate XXVI. The Peach is essentially a lux- 

 ury. Its cultivation is attended with much ri.sk. The 

 ari'-:is in which it can be grown with success are scattered, 

 particularly in the northern states. The Peach is tender 

 to frost, and the liability of the buds and blossoms to 

 injury constitute the greatest risk in the growing of the 

 fruit. Strangely enough these risks of frost are greater 

 in iIh- South than in the North, because the buds are 

 likely to bo swollen by the "warm spells" of the soutli- 

 iTii winter, and to be killed by sudden freezes. In the 

 iiorthi-astern st.atcs the Peach areas are determined 

 cliictly hy iiiil.|iii-ss .,f winter tHnii...rMtnro. They lie 

 near fan:*- h'-'lir- ..f \\ .■tt.c, in \\ liirh pi: V I he tempera- 



th!-\s',.a.''Mlt" tV,.'- wmm'i'" ;/r'''i'''N:',ll, ".'. ."-ir.lni'^T'aUoW 



of tliK K''"" 'I'.-: "f l'':"'K'-. I"|T i:-i:iiii'e inland 



and on the margins . i ih- i .) ■ I , . n i ..tlier inte- 

 rior bodies of water, i Im tnii! . -vitliout dif- 

 ficulty. While PiariM - :,,, , \.i-y large 



range of country in tin I nii..! >i .- ill ihe great 



ooniiiii'rcial regions an- rflalmlv l,\v. I in.- of tliesc re- 

 gions lies in proximity to the soutlieriiinost members ..t 

 the (ireat Lakes, particularly along the southeastern 

 IMirt of Lake Ontario in New" York and Canada, along 

 the southern shore of Lake Erie and on the eastern 

 shore of Lake Michigan. In this latter belt, known as 

 the Michigan "fruit belt," the Peach reaches its highest 

 northern limit in the eastern states, being grown with 



profit as far north as Grand Trave 

 Another large area begins near 

 Conneetii-iil, and fi.ll"W-, llii- -> 



thi^ 



.11. Is ..i i.L-orgia, 

 south than this, 

 [lib of the roots, 



sing of the crop. 

 Mile varieties of 

 lit some of the 

 iilion. Another 

 I Illinois, extend- 

 Kansas. Eastern 



Peaches do noi ' 

 Chinese types ;n i . 



large Peach-grow iiiL-' III! i li. - 

 ing westward across ^lissonri 

 Texas has also developed a large commercial peach-grow- 

 ing business. Part of western Colorado is now becoming 

 known as a peach country. Nearly the whole of Cali- 

 fornia, except the mountains, is admirably adapted to 

 the Peach, and the fruit is grown tlierr .m :i Ini;.- basis. 

 There are isolated places all ovi.r ilo Iniii i| states in 

 which Peach growing is profitable. I ml ilo :ii'i'\ ■■ outline 

 designates the areas of largest foiniiieiei;i| inniortance 

 at the present time. 



In regions that are too cold for the normal develop- 

 ment of the Peach, the tree may be grown with some 

 satisfaction by laying it down in winter. For this pur- 

 pose the tree is usually trained with a thin or rather flat 

 top so that it will lie upon the ground when the tree 

 is bent over. When the tree is to be laid down, earth 

 is dug away from the roots on one side, the ball of 

 earth which holds the roots is loosened somewhat, and 

 the tree is bent over until it reaches nearly or quite the 

 level of the ground. It may remain in this position 

 without covering, being protected by its proximity to 

 the earth and by the snow which drifts into the top ; or 

 sometimes the tree is covered with litter or even with 

 earth, — if with litter, care must be taken that mice do 

 not nest therein and gnaw the trees. 



Although the Peach has many forms, it is all one spe- 

 cies, Prmms Persica. See Prnmis. It is probably na- 

 tive to China, but it has been in cultivation from the 

 earliest times, and it came into Europe by way of Per- 

 sia, whence the name J'rr.'^ica, and also I'ra,/,. From 



this l'..|-l;ill i:ui..l".lll ~..U1V,. li;,.,e r ll,, roiumon 



Pearlir ..I r.. !■• ■. . - .11. Tl.. . r. ... ',. . ,]., not 



.. s. ,,L vih.eli llie ilone^ , 1- !«. lUGl ) 



. iliiive well in the far south. Still 

 ii. which is hardy and productive 

 Indian type sometimes called the 

 Lliis is probably derived from the 

 early Spaniards brought into North 

 in wild over a wide range of country 

 early as 1812 the botanist Nuttall 

 .wing wild as far west as Arkansas. 



Peaches whicli th 

 America. It has i 

 in the South. A 

 found Peaches gr 

 Still am.lle.i- t>|.i 

 Peaeh .:t I Im .. 

 southern piiii .1 ■ 



perinii I - 

 in Nnr 



Peeii-1 Ml.o 



as the I'een 

 Waldo; (2) tin 

 fruit with dc . 

 the H.iney i V 



the common i 



t rente 



as Ex- 



.11 The 



i^in:: I In '. :i I n U knOWU 



„\ also the Angel and 

 . with oval, long-pointed 

 ■ • base, represented by 

 Spanish or Indian race, 

 II -ti. liked fruit, repre- 

 . iheCabler (Fig. 

 I IS and Victoria: 



il.ii leaves, represented 

 I'ig. lliU;il, Mamie Ross, 

 Persian race, including 

 -country and the North, 



