1244 



PEAR 



with two or three exceptions, are not very serious. The 

 tree is attacked by borers, although to a less extent than 

 peaches and apples. These are kept in check by digging 

 them out once or twice a year as on other fruit stocks. 

 The fruit is attacked to some extent by the codlin-raoth, 

 but the arsenical sprays keep this insect in check. Of 

 late years the psylla, 



ckinfT the 



ring 



in parts of the East, al- 

 though it is very irregu- 

 lar in its outbreaks. It 

 can be controlled by thor- 

 ough work with a spray 

 of whale - oil soap, one 

 l>ound in three to five 

 gallons of water, begin- 

 ning soon after the fruit 

 has set. and repeating 

 the application whenever 

 the iisyllas become nu- 

 merous. In some parts 

 IX Js). of the East the fruit is 



attacked by the Pear 

 midge, a minute fly whose maggots work in the verv 

 young fruit Thorough cultivation will check this sen 

 ous pest, but its complete control often ln^ohts the 



Cluster of Pear flowers. 



dest: 



L of all the young fruit on the lufesti 

 t) lis the application of kamit to the soil 

 1 tl insect aftei it leaves the fiuit to ui 

 I I formations 



: of til 



attic ke 



check 1 \ I tl j 1 I \ 



ago the W I 11 I) i i I i il 



riet> foi gio\Mii„ 11 11 luii 1 

 the Pear scab it [ iss 1 lu \ It 

 dissease was due t i uii ii., ui I In 

 vent of the sulfate i_f n ' ''P 

 been found that tht \\hitL 1> ^lun 

 well as ever Flemish Beiut> is i 

 point Tieais ago it was one of the r 

 ard varieties, but of late j ears it ha 

 because of the cracking of tht fiuit 

 come into vogue i, mi 1 i 1 nu | 

 deaux mixture is a i it 1 1 I 



Pear blight or In II I i i tl 

 of Pear trees It i u \i 1 1 i I 

 by a microbe whu 1 iit i ti i i I 1 | nts 



(flowers and tips < t si ts) n 1 il u 



culent" parts Itri I i ills lli i iks 



down the stems kiUm., tin ti the 



leaves to die In the k if blight I 1 i I iiiict 



disease, the leases are moie or less spotted and tlie> 

 fall, in the Pear blight, the Iea\es turn black and hang 

 on the tree The fire blight attacks apple trees 



popula 



j: The 



uised 



particularly in the Plains region 

 original on hawthorns and leliti 

 no perfect preventive of the disc i 

 seem to be relatively immune is 

 Duchess It is now ^ n i ilh I 1 

 more subject tc il 1 1 



cessive growth 1 1 

 the application 



As 



the 



parts, severing 1 1 

 point of visible iti 

 to lemam on tin t 

 equally prevalent i 



There are no i 

 Two books have be 

 Fields' "Peai Cultui 

 "Pear Culture for Profit 

 1883. 



Some years ago tin- « 

 erable T. T. Lyun, ..f 1 

 article, for publiiation, .,i 

 not published, linw. v. i. 

 omitting only the |i:Mt- m 

 writer is glad to iiI.m . il 



Mr. Lyon's artie'le' ^^h'h■lV 



iitttn on this fruit Thos 



New York, 1858 P T Quit 



York, 1869, New 



•cured from the ven- 

 I, since deceased, an 

 1 ar. The article was 

 is reproduced below. 

 Is and diseases. The 

 V alongside the others 

 ts of two generations. 

 I xcellent and cautious 



PEAR 



and characterized by beauty of style, is of the type that 

 we no longer see. The person who is familiar with 

 present-day pninis ,,f view will discover that it lays the 

 emphasis on lornml in-.^cntiition, propagation, pruning, 

 varieties, win nas litilr ,,r no attention is given to sys- 

 tems of tilliigo. iiiilliiiatinn. spraying, and commercial 

 methods. L H B 



The Pear. 1. Its Importance. -So far as cultivators 

 generally are concerned, this fruit is less important 

 than its near relative the apple, for the reason that, 

 while the two begin to ripen at nearly the same season, 

 there are few, if any, desirable varieties of Pears in 

 season later than December (if we except a few austere 

 ones, suitable only for culinary purposes), while apples 

 are abundant for four or five months longer. Moreover, 

 during its entire season, the Pear is supplemented by 

 the mass of luscious, though perishable, summer and 

 autumn fruits. The liability of very many usually ex- 

 cellent varieties to be rendered indifferfiit in finality 

 by unfavorable seasons, neglect or nnsnitalile sciil, is 

 also a serious detriment to the general iin|.iilarit\ of 

 this fruit. The liability to the loss ol th.. tr., s l.y 

 blight, beyond question detracts greatly timn tin- value 

 of the Pear, especially for commercialpurposes; while 

 It aKo exerts a discouraging influence upon amateur 

 planting To the careful and discriminating amateur. 

 IS well as to the man of wealth, with a fondness for 

 fruit ill II v\li til 1 111 I I rson Ol by proxj this fruit 

 oft Ji I II 1 1 1 I oveianv if not all, others. 



- / ( II I , -Deubtless for rea.sons 



hi 1 t I 1 t I 1 II tl s ue but sparingly planted 



1 V 11 I I isens 1 he Iruit sent to themaiket comes 

 I 1 I It nil the pldutdtious of specialists who with 



il 1 ) till to the purpose and the necessary knowl- 

 t 1., t V uieties have undert iKen the business as a 



nnd, to a consider el i I i-af 



Lakes the Pear is \ :,\ 

 from the influen< 



peciallv in the j r in I 1 M i Ih v. 



( iyptrt -Perhaps in no other important particuli 

 does the elimate of eastern and central North Amerie 

 differ more widely from that of the Pear growing r 



Bartlett Pear ( v ' 



gions of Europe than in its liability to sudden and 

 extreme variations of temperature. Owing to this cli- 

 matic peculiarity, aspect becomes an important consid- 

 eration in the selection of a location for a plantation of 

 Pear trees. As a means of avoiding the full influence 

 of exposure to the rays of the sun, during the severer 

 paroxysms of summer heat, while the trees are in actual 



