1328 



PHYSOCARPUS 



guished bj* the stipulate Ivs. and the often inflated pod: 

 dehiscent alon^ btitli sutures and rontainins one or t'i-v 

 shining vi-llowisli s.-.-ds, tin- l.^-k i.i-,-liii- off in tliii 

 strips. Also somi'thues united with Xi-illia. 



opulifolius, :MMNini. (Spinia njmUfoi;,! . Linn. Op,i 



hister n,. ill, I.. I,,,.. KlinlZrl. NiSl.HAKK. Im-. IT'.lii 



I'M' K,. ..■.,,,,:•: '^ , ;. Ml.-. 1-3 



cunt: puds ";i-3, iullatud, much longer thau calyx-lobes. 

 June. Quebec to Ga., west to Manitoba and Kansas. 

 B.B. 2:19.5.-Var. Ititea, Kirchn. (var. atirea, Hort.). 

 Lvs. bright yellow at first, changing to golden bronzy 

 ycll.iw. Var. nana, Kirohn. Dwarf form with smaller, 



Amur^nsis, JIaxiin. (Spinra Amurinsis, Maxim. O/i- 

 ii/dster Ainiireiisix, KtiutzeJ. Similar to the former, 

 higher and of more vigorous growth : lvs. 3-5-lobed, 

 with acute or acuminate, doubly serrate lobes, usually 

 pubescent beneath, 2-5 in. long: fls. large, with grayish 

 tonientose pedicels and calys: pods tomentose, only 

 niH-iljird inuM-rr tlian .■:il'^\ l->)i- -. .Tunc. Amurland. 



/■ .■,/,, I,, n,,,, K'linr .- ^; ■ I'ui-sh. Opulaster 



,.[.,i,n,i., I.nni/.-, s, c-i-u , . ,,, Torr. & Gray). 



I L.^.-In allii .1 t.i ( 1 ..[iii'^i-.i , 1.1 ■-:■ ^nine-what Lirffor. 



Alfued Eehder. 



PHYSOSTfiGIA (Greek, bladder and covering; refer- 

 ring to the inflated fruiting calyx). Labidla. B'alse 

 Dbagon-head. Three or 4 species of hardy herbaceous 

 perennials, native to America, with spikes of gaping 

 fls. of purple, rose color or white. P. Virginiana, the 

 dominant and most variable type, is frequent in gar- 

 dens and is sometimes called tli" '>],,.. !i,.,it Phmt be- 

 cause its corolla will stay for a wl'ii- i' ^^ k .t, \ .■)• posi- 

 tion it is turned, to the right or I. ! i i ; i i iind its 

 varieties have had at leastTccil-n -; : -i- -; \ntfd to 

 them, a large number for any lniii.ii. . /'. I n-./iiiiana 

 is an elegant plant when well grown .iiid it dm s liest in a 

 strong, rather moist, fertile soil. It forms large clumps 

 3-4 ft. high and blooms in July and Aug. Requires fre- 

 quent division or replanting. 



Generic characters; calyx bell sluipi d, swi.llc n and 

 remaining open in fr., membr.incu^ 10 n. Mid teeth 

 5, equal; corolla 2 lipped, inflate d il i \ i h| | . i lip con- 

 cave, rounded, entire; lower hp .! 1. Ill d. till iniilille lobe 

 commonh tintchrd ; stamens 4, didj n.iiiiuua ; anther 

 cells p u illi 1 



Virglniina, Tlmili (P. VIrglnica, Hort.). Fls. an 

 inch liuL^', i,iii..'iii..' liiiTii purplish red through rosy pink 

 and lil.u- to white. B.M. 4G7. Mn. 7:81. F.R. 5:55. Var. 

 dlba, Hort., i-i a recent and beautiful white-fld. form. 

 K.H. 1898:330. 



Var. specibsa, Gray, is a tall form with very acutely 

 serrate lanceolate lvs. and dense-panioled spikes. A 

 Texan form with erect, imbricated fls. B.M. 3386 (P. 

 imbricata). 



Var. denticuiata. Gray (P. denticuldtum, Ait.). A 

 lower and more slender form with crenulate denticulate 

 or obscurely serrate lvs. and more slender or loosely-fld. 

 spikes. Middle Atlantic states. B.M. 214. 



P. W. Barclay and W. M. 



PHTStrKUS (Greek, Madder and tail; from the purse 

 or pouch-like spur). Orchidtlcete. A genus of about 

 20 species belonging to the category of Goodyera and 

 AnoBctochilus, and cult, for their foliage. Stem simple, 

 erect, leafy: lvs. petiolate, ovate to lanceolate: fls. small, 

 in a terminal raceme; petals and dorsal sepals cohering, 

 galeate; lateral sepals free; labellum spurred, strongly 

 concave above the entrance of the spur and abruptly 



PHYTEUMA 



contracted, middle lobe spreading or recurved; column 

 short. Natives of the warm regions of Asia and Anicr. 

 Tlie American species have tln-ir l\s. nmstly spotted. 



querceticola, Lindl. {Oomhi: m <;,!, ,;U-,,hi, Chapm.). 

 8tom ascending, 0-12 in. liiL-h: U ^. uv^iti- or oblong- 

 ovate, thin, on slenderpetiolcs, s|...iti-il Willi silver-gray: 

 spike densely fld.: sepals and petals ohlong, obtuse: 

 labellum concave, ending in a broadly ovate, acuminate 

 and recurved point; spur pouch-like. Aug. Low shady 

 woods, Fla. and westward. Heisrich Hasselbring. " 



PHYTfiLEPHAS (f 



rh-plii 



ut phi 

 wi.rki- 



red by some authorities toJ'ii)n!iiii(ii-<<r. 



s, the fls. densely crowded in catkin- 

 like spadices, without any perianth: leaf -scKinents 

 acuminate. Species 15. South America. 



macroc&rpa, Ruiz & Pav. Ivory-nut Paul Caudex 

 low: lvs. very long, pinnate. Peru, Venezuela. Gn. 24, 

 p. 468. — Once adv. by Pitcher & Manda. Furnishes 

 tlie vegetable ivory of commerce. Sometimes called 

 Negro's Head. Jarep G. Smith. 



PHYTEtTMA (old Greek name, lui-anni^r -uny]y "a 



plant," used by Dioscorides for mhih- ini-niiii.in -like 



lurlj). Cump<niiih)mr. Horned Kami-ii in. I'hyti-unias 



,11.- liiinlv In 1 li.ir, Mil, |.ri-i.'nnials, used for borders or 



- I I -s. 1791, 1792.) The fls. are 



I : n- or less purple, rarely white. 



Tin rn ,-,i-n !«,, .11- I .nlliiresci-iii-c, the Klolnilar and 



theliing-and-nari-.i«, ',- iMrm- i 1., i,n, 11, n , ■ inln-nst- 



ing. The showy IV. i! ■< : /' t i ■ ',n.i-, 



seems to he a ^r- i jiinl 



pistils; but thesi | , .Ihis 



which usually sh.iv, ,.: .,: ::,.,!:;,;: 1:., , ,,,nl an- 



narrowed above intu a \ i r\ .-,lninlni- i nlm ii-mn « limh ilu' 

 style and stigmas an- iiiiu-ti i-\si rind. In /'. :.:uh,siiih the 



corolla never opens, Imi in all il ilnr^ ii iniali)- sjilits 



at the top, making a ^iin-ailin- m- wlin 1-sliai.iil tlnwer. 

 The tubular stage seems the most attractixe in the 

 round-clustered species and the open stage, perhaps, in 

 the oblong-clustered species. Phyteumas are natives of 

 the Mediterranean region; about 50 species. These 

 plants are little known in this country, but tlie follow- 

 ing account is given because the plants are worthy and 



because the species are much confused amongst horti- 

 culturists. None of the species seem to be regularly in 

 the American trade. 



Phyteumas generally seed freely and may also be 

 prop, by division, which is best performed in spring 

 after growth begins. They thrive in ordinary garden 



