PHYTEUMA 



soil in eitlier border or rockery. A very critical review 

 of Phyteumas from the garden standpoint is given 

 by "D. K." in Gn. 28, pp. 91, 92 (IS^S), from ■nhicb 

 tlie following points are abstracted. The smallest 

 species, as P. liumile and pauciflornni, should be 

 planted by tliemselves or with other very dwarf alpines, 

 so thrri 111! ;, ull II. I I"- -iD-ih.-red by taller and coarser 

 sul'.i' ' ! ill :, I, i ; ii'tiustand easiest species 



is/'. I limps of which attain 3 ft. 



in (Ikiiii. iihii 'ii-''\\ J II. tiiLjh. 8uch a clump makes a 

 iinecenlerpnM-e ior a lluwcr-bed and blooms throni;li .Tuly 

 and Aug. Similar to it but inferior is P. li nnmii.-lnn,', , 

 with lighter blue fls. Both have oblonj; inlli.n-^.-. nii-^. 

 as also do P. Halleri and P. spicaliim; tln.i lurmi r 

 growing a foot high in dry, sunny sputa in a south- 

 ern border, the latter attaining IK ft. on sunny rock- 

 work. 



At the other extreme as regards habit, ease of culture 

 and style of inflorescence, is P. comosnm, which in 

 rockeries requires renewal everj' few years. A stock 

 should therefore be constantly kept in pots. In the 

 rockery it likes a shady position and in winter the crown 

 should be covered with coarse sand ; water freely from 

 the time growth starts until flow, rir.:: I . . iii-. Treated 

 as a pot-plant it is more easily n , : 1 , li-ht soil 



well mixed with pieces of saint i . size of 



marbles and wedge the roots ti^l. i i y hard 



stone; plunge the pots in cool inaieiial auj y:se partial 



t)f the other round-clustered types the following are 

 very much alike; P.orbiculare, ticheuchzeri , Churmelii 

 and Michelii. P. heniisp7i<ericum thrives best in dry, 

 stony places, particularly in the cracks of a crumbling 

 brick wall, or on a steep slope with a southern expofsure. 

 It grows 1-6 in. high. 



The botanical account following is mainly derived 

 from I>l'. l»rod. 7:4,'0 and Koch, Syn. Flor. Germ. ed. 

 III. 2:4112. Dcranclollo adopts the 3 sections made by 

 <i. Di.n. of wliieli Section Synotoma contains only the 

 iiiiiiiiie /'. c:iino.Hum. Section II, Hedranthdm, and 

 Section HI, PoDANTHUM, are distinguished by the pores 

 of the capsule, which are always 3 in the latter and 

 situated near the apex, while in the former they may be 

 2 or 3 and situated near the middle. To Section lU r. 

 belong species 1, 7 and 8; to Section II belong all the l[ 

 others except P. comosum. 



PHYTEUMA 



1329 



Halleri. 7. 



hemispha?ricum. 12. 

 hnmile, la. 

 limonifolimn, 8. 



Inflorescence a raceme or pa ii - 



Me 



Inflorescence an umbel 



Michelii, 4. 

 orbiculare. 15. 

 paueitiormn, 10. 

 Scheuchzeri, 17. 

 scorzonerifolium 



c. /'; 



Olltltl- 



ishi 



D. Stigmas £. 



E. Hoot ■ I vs . lonr/- 



stalked 3. scorzonerifolium 



EE. Moot- 1 vs. short- 

 stalked. 4. Michelii 



DD. Sligmas .i 5. betonicsefoUum 



CC. Flowering spikes otjlong 

 or nearly .10. 

 D. Spikes dense. 



E. Color of fls. whitish 

 or yellowish, 



greenish at tip C. spicatum 



EE. Color of fls. dark 

 violet, rarely 



white 7. Halleri 



DD. Spikes loose 



E. Fls. light blue: stem 



branched 8. limonifolium 



EE. Fls. dark violet: 



stem not branched. 9. campanuloides 



B. Fruiting spikes little elon- 

 gated', merely oval. 



o. No. of fls. about o 10. paucillorum 



CC. JVo. of fls. about 1.! 11. globulariaefolium 



D. Upper Ivs. entire 12. hemisphaericum 



DD. Upper Ivs. rciiiolilji 



denticulate 13. humile 



DDD. Upper Ivs. crenate 14. Sieberi 



ccc. iV'o. of fls. 15 or more. 

 D. Bracts ivilh an ovate 



base 1.5. orbiculare 



DD. Brads linear. 



E. Height }i ft 1(1. Charmelii 



KE. ffeiahl in 17. Scheuchzeri 



179J. Two other types of inflorescence in Phyteuma (X K). 

 The loose-spiked P. limonifolium and the denser P. t 

 folium. 



•I'l A 



icdn 



leal.n.iis: >.t,i,i iniKrauched: Ivs. 

 sessile; lower ones ovale, r 11 ii.ii. -< irate, narrowed 

 at base; u]H)er ones neari\- entin-: lU. Mue, short-pe- 

 duncled, solitary, spars,., Hungary, Caucasus, 



2. comosum, Liini. Fi-, 1791. The only species in the 

 genus with uiul.ellate inflorescence, and in which the 

 corollas are n.it Anally s|ilit at the apex. A decumbent, 

 unbrancbed, glabrous plant native to the Alps; fls. pale 

 lilac below, darker purple above. B.M. 6478. G.C. II. 

 U : 177. Gn, 18, p. 24,'5, copied in Gn. 28, p. 91 ; 44, p. 554, 

 and R.H. 1882, p. 452. G.C. II, 26:81, copied in I.H. 

 34:11. 



3. scorzonerifdlium, Vill. Pig, 1792. This and P. 

 belonicwfiilium should probably be regarded as botani- 



of P. Michelii, but for clearness and for 



