aii.l in axillarv clusters; stamens IM. jikI lii- ~. |.al- 



I ^ iM 111.' -lainiiiate fls. of the sam^ i ,, i., , . ;,;,!- 



IoIm- .iT |,i. nihil. ■ rts. 3, the ovary :; :i' ■:■•! 



mill liiiiniiu' II ^.'ssile tufted stigniii. wiili :; -nh lil.^ 



compressed, more or less invested in the periantli. 

 There are 150 or more species of Pilea, one of which, 

 P. pumila, is a small nettle-lilse plant growing in thu 

 , northern states. 



The Artillery Plants of the gardens are small branchy 

 half-succulent herbs, usually grown in pots and allowed 

 to reach a font or so in height. The gracefully curviiif; 

 fronds of siiiall ovnti- or obovate shining leaves are 

 much prizi .1- 1 In \ an I asy to grow, being propagated 

 by cuttiii--. ! •■ best when given an abun- 

 dance of w a . ; - , II ^ they are used as edgings in 



iirclii.l li.ii 11.11 ilic pots with green, and they 



al-ii n ii'i ni . , ,i,a- the moisture conditions and thereby 

 ' I I ' i -welfare of the orchids. 



\\ mate flowers open, the pollen is usually 



ili-i ii II -I il iiin I My and visibly. If a plant is put in a 

 sunny place wlien the pollen is ripe, it may set up 

 a vigorous bombardment, particularly if the foliage is 

 sprayed. (See I.H.I, p. 64 (185-t) for an account of this 

 phenomenon.) The Artillery Plant is seen in nearly 

 every greenhouse, but whether there is more than one 

 species in common cultivation it is difficult to deter- 

 mine, for specific characters are difficult to draw. The 

 Ivs., although opposite, are unequal. U.sually the 

 braiirhl.-ts develop alternately on the branch. 



microjihylla. I.i.bm. (P. muscDsa, Lindl. P. caUi- 

 '. I authors). Monoecious: small, rather 



«' less than K in. long as a rule, some- 



lii" I III !: il.-clusters mostly sessile or nearly so. 



serpyllifdlia, Wedd. (P. muscdsa, Hort. in part. P. 

 catlilrichioldes of some). Fig. 1802. Dioecious: plant 

 usually stronger and more upright: Its. usually more 

 than '4 in. long, and fl. -clusters more peduncled. Mes. 

 Seems to be the commoner species, but it is difficult to 

 determine them. L_ H. B 



AM. 



PILOCARPUS (Greek, pUos, a cap, and karpos, a 

 fruit, from the shapeof the fruit). BtUAcea'. Shrubs or 

 small trees, sometimes attaining 10 ft., with pinnately 

 compound Ivs. of 1-4 pairs and a terminal leaflet; the 

 Ifts. opposite, but the Ivs. usually alternate: fls. in 

 clcmgated racemes; petals 4-5, valvate; stamens 4-5: 

 ovary 4-5-lobi-d, not tubercled. The plants of the genus 

 form the source of the alkaloid "pilocarpine," and to- 

 gether with I'iatits of several other genera, the basis of 

 the drill.- ■•.Tal.i.raiiili." Seventeen species, natives of 



pennatifolius, Lem. Hranchlets glabrous or puberu- 

 lent: Ivs. alternate, 1-l^i ft. long; Ifts. 2 or 3 pairs, be- 

 sides the terminal one, 3-9 in. long, oblong ; apex 

 rounded or emarginate, coriaceous, yellowish green: 

 raceme spike-like, many-fld. (about 100); rachia stout, 

 pedicels stout, horizontal, with 2 small greenish tootli- 



PILOCEREUS L337 



shaped bracts at their bases: fls. reddish brown, rotate. 

 Brazil. B.M. 7235.-Int. into Calif, by Dr. Franceschi, 

 and said to be hardy in the open wherever the lemon 

 can be successfully grown. 



P..T„hnrn,„h TInl,„P« l,i,« l,c«n ,l„.,.,.il,c.l .,c p ,,™ni,tifolius, 



hyUenih, A 'I , ,1,1 I. i.i.ni _■ i-.i,..| -lui, a l.^ ni.irtfr Ivs. 



anil III ' I ''I' ■ |"-|^" :■ ■ '■ openly 



pedical,^ L;._M.,1,:; ■ ' Au.SuLl, V.'.Sj'LHtNilAl'CH"'" 



PILOCfiEEUS (Latin, pi7««, hair). Cacticea. A some- 

 what hetereogeneous assemblage of forms differing from 

 related species principally by the presence in the fruit- 

 ing area of different or more copious and lengthened 

 hairs or bristles, in some of the species aggregated in a. 

 circumscribed area and termed a cephalium. For cul- 

 ture, see Cactus. 



INDEX. 



Brunnowii. 5. flocciisus, 6. Royeni, 6. 



Celsianus, 5. fossulatus, 5. Sargentianus, 1. 



chrysomallus, 9. Haagei,!^. ,Schottii, 1. 



Columna-Trajani,8. Hoppenstedtii, 4. scoparius, 2. 



A. Fruiting area eireumferentiat , of lengthened bristles 

 or weak spines, without woolly hairs: no hairs on 

 areolw of young sJioots. 



1. Scli6ttii, Lem. {P. Sargent iAnus, Ore). Fig. 1803. 

 Branching from the base, ltl-15 ft. high, glaucous: ribs 

 4-10, commonly 5; spiia- i 7, \rr\ -le.rt, thickened at 

 base: areolee of the fiui 1- i- 1 1 1 ning very copious 

 and loitg (1-3 in.) stiili ; i -ties: fls. small, 

 pinkish, about 1 in. hni- . ir. -nii. iiliide, the size and 

 somewhat the color of an win e. >>.'i ili jMexico and Baja, 

 California. H.F. 4;4:i7. 



2. Bcop^rius. I'uselg. Tree-like, richly branched, 25 ft. 

 high, 1 ft. ill iliaiii.: radial spines 12-15, very short, cen- 

 trals 7-S, not much longer; in the flowering branches 

 the spines change to longer stout bristles and the areoho 

 are closer together, forming a bristly cephalium: fls. 

 small, bell-shaped, reddish: fr. size of a hazelnut. Near 

 Vera Ciuz. Jlex. 



,'!. polvliiphii?, '^aiei I1..I. Id 1. .,. ynkelsii, Hort.). 

 ColiiiH I, el adiam. of IX 



ft., in. ' I II , I II, |i I , |i angled, shallow, 



the III. I -ni,,, ;.. ii.,il. ,. , l:i..|t 1. :,l ; -pines small and 

 bristle-like, less than '.; in. long; radials 5-6; central 

 usually 1 ; spines of tlie flowering area 2-3 in. long, 

 crowded: fls. large, trumpet-shaped, dark red: fr. red, 

 scaly. Mex. 



AA. Fruitnig area lateral, of dense tufts of wool in 

 u'liirli till' flowers are imbedded : young shoots 

 hniuijiiums, except in P. Hoppenstedtii. 



4. Hopppnsti^dtii, Web. Columnar, simple, slender, 

 reacliN; :. I;, nil . r :ii) ft.: ribs numerous, more than 

 10: I. I i-lK, very short ; centrals 5-8, the 



lower I hing 3 in.; all the spines at first 



yellewi I.. III. n , inn : cephalium of 1-2 in. long tufts of 

 yelll^wi^b hairs, fnrniing a narrow bract on the north 

 side of the plant: fls. 3 in. long, bell-shaped, whitish, 

 with rosy tips. Mex. 



."). CelBi4nUB, Lem. (P. fossulAtus, Lab.). Columnar, 

 in the gardens simple, hardly more than 4 ft. high, 3 in. 

 in diam.: ribs 10-17, bright green; areoliB bearing long 

 (2 in.) white hair; radial spines usually 9, the lower 

 one, the longest, less than 1 in. long; central usually 1, 

 sometimes 4, the longest sometimes 3 in. long, all yellow: 

 fls. not known. Andes of Bolivia. 



Var. Brnnnowii, Schum. {P. Brunnowii, Haage Jun.). 

 Stem stouter: wool brownish, more copious ; spines 

 stronger and darker. 



G. Royeni, Riiinpl. (P. floccdsus, Lem.). Columnar, 

 branchinir. nacliing 15 ft. in height, 2-3 in. in diam.: 

 ribs !i-lii, i.l.tii-e bluish pniinose: spines 12-16, rigid, 

 divari.-nn . I.rn-lit amti. r vr-llow, the inner ones larger, 



nenrlv 1 ■ 1 terile branches long hairs 



are t. n I lile bract these are more 



num. . - - 1-. and fr. as in the last 



sp( , i.in In In. 1 III. I -land of St. Croix. 



