1360 



PITCHER PLANTS 



while the parasitic CytinaceiP iiiiirlit lie ivgiudcd as 

 having degenerated alotiir aiiuiliiT lliit* from the same 

 source. The Australian .nn- > |.li,il..tiis, which has a 

 pitcher strikingly lik. i i Nepenthes, may 



be a wayward relativ. , ii.-i' family. Sar- 



racenia, Darlingtonia and i!m \ , n, mlan genus Heli- 

 amphora seem to be mure ilosily allied to one another 

 than to the others and make up the Sarraceuiaceie. 

 These are similar in stamens, style and seed to the 

 poppy family. 



PITHECOCTfiNIUM (Greek, monkey's comb,- from 

 the I'liiil. wiii.'li is [-..vered with spurs or warts). Big- 

 )ift}fi')ttft. Atnait ll.'i species of tropiertl Ameriean bigno- 

 nia-like eliiiiljers, with racemes of rriihr-r lavL'i-. trumpet- 

 shaped white fls. They are ni"si I . i.iin,- ,i r.iazilor 

 Mexico. They belong to a gnn,; , , , inracter- 



ized by having a short and til II ■:: ji -..id or ob- 



long), and the seeds arranged 111..1. .1 I. . .li^iinetly in 

 2 or more rows, while Bignonia Iieloni^s to a group of 

 genera characterized by a long, linear capsule and seeds 

 arranged in a single row. Generic characters; calyx 

 truncate or minutely 5-toothed; corolla-tube gradually 

 swollen above the cylindrical base, often incurved, 

 limb somewhat 2-lipped, lobes 5, rounded, spreading; 

 stamens 4, didynamous, fixed to the cylindrical part of 

 the tube : capsule densely covered with prickles or 



warts. The Ivs. ha 

 sometimes lackin 

 the 2 species belo 



■A Ifts 



the 



terminal 

 o a tendril as in 

 cult, in S. Calif. 



Fls 



'■hile. 



clematideum, Gris 



■„iplrl,-ht 



{Aneynopcpgma clematideum, 

 Griseb. Bigndnia lilba, Hort. not Aubl., according to 

 Franceschi). Lvs. sometimes with 3 Ifts., sometimes 

 with 2 Ifts. and a tendril; Ifts. ovate, suddenly con- 

 tracted into a long, blunt acumen, very shortly wedge- 

 shaped at the base: cymes terminal, few-fid., raoerai- 

 form or corymbiform. Argentine. — Grisebach says his 

 Anemoptegma clematideum must be transferred to 

 Pithecocteniura because of the sessile, murieate cap- 

 sule, the septum slightly reduplicate at the margin and 

 the hilum of the seeds linear, although it approaches 

 the smooth seed of Aneraopsegma. (Anemop.iegma dif- 

 fers from Pithecoctenium in having a smooth capsule 

 and seeds in a single series.) 



AA. Fl.i. wMte, yellow-tliroated. 



muric4tuin, Moq. Lfts. cordate, acute: fls. in a ter- 

 minal, many-fld. raceme ; corolla 1 iu. long: fr. 3 in. 

 long. Mex. 



P. buccinatdrium, Mairet. See Bignonia. "^^ jj^ 



PITHECOLdBIUM (Greek, monkey's ear). Legumi- 

 ndsie. A hundred or more species of tropical shrubs or 

 trees, with or without stipular spines: lvs. bipinnate: 

 fls. usually white, pentamerous, or rarely hexamerous; 

 corolla tubular or funnel-shaped; stamens few or very 

 many. For distinction from near allies, see Inga. 

 These plants are cult, in the South, especially Calif., 

 for shade and forage. 



A. Plants spiny. 



B. Lfts. 1 pair. 



diilce, Bentli. ( /■»</.i friWci.s-, Willd., 



tree 



r-i; I ft.. 



vith 



nearly slramlil lii.ir_.iii. Ihr ..th. r sn!,. Iin.a.l.r. obtuse, 



and a small Kland between the forkiun petiole.s; petioles^ 

 hairy, shorter than the lfts. : stipular spines very short 

 and straight: racemes terminal : fls. white: pod twisted, 

 red, glabrous. Mexico, Philippines. Consult ixfira. 

 BB. Zfts. 5-10 pairs. 

 Mexicilnum, Rose. Tree, 15-20 ft. high: lvs. with 

 straight, stipular spines (sometimes wanting) 1 line 

 long; pinufB 2-5 pairs; lfts. 5-10 pairs: iufloreseenee 

 paniculate: fls. in heads, pedicelled. Me.Kicn. wlnre it 

 is commonly called chino.—J. N. Rose says that it has 

 much the habit of the Mesquit, is valuable fur its wood 

 and is rapidly becoming exterminated. 



PITTOSPORUM 



brevifolium, I-:. .nth. Shrnl.- ].inn:r ". ' ,,..,ir-. Ifts 

 10-20 l.alr^. ..I.I , ' I.. . I .... ,1 ,,,^, „,e 



Rio GriM I. , : . -. ....,.,...., .:,,,. is 



said to 1,.. r. -I. II.;. . .1. II II ... .|:i. I ,. ..I.., ^,MtS. 



— Franei-srlM -:i_\.~ il... vvLm-ii 1;-. m. inu.ii .-...u-lit by 

 bees. 



AA. Plants spineless. 

 Sam&n, Griseb. Tall tree: pinn» 2-6 pairs; lfts. 2-7 

 pairs, obliquely obovate or obovate-oblong: corolla yel- 

 lowish; stamens light crimson. The fls. are balls of red 

 stamens an inch or two in diameter. Trop. Amer. G.C. 

 III. 11:557.— Called Rain-tree because it bursts into leaf 

 and flower at the beginning of the rainy season. A rapid- 

 growing tree planted throughout the tropics for its dense 

 shade and also because its pods filled with rich sugar 

 pulp are eagerly eaten by cattle and horses. y^ jj 



PITS will be discussed under Winter Protection. 



PITTOSPORUM (Greek, pitch seed; in allusion to 

 the resinous coating of the seeds). Pittospordcew. 

 About 100 species of hardy or half-hardy evergreen 

 shrubs or small trees, met with ehii-dy in ihe southern 

 hemisphere and largely in Australasni. [.\s. nhrrnafe, 

 mostly entire, the terminal ones in sulix ■ 1 1 1. illaii. ro- 

 settes: fls. mostly solitary or unilirllnii in ili. a\iis of 

 the terminal lvs., regular, the pan- m . 1 .iK ilis- 



tinct or connate at base; petals •■.,] h. ring 



at base: ovary 1-celled; placenta. . i 1,1 :\lf 1; 

 stigma 1: fr. a globular woody )i..l, _' ih.mh ..( i-ded. 

 Handsome, often fragrant evergreen shrubs cult, in the 

 greenhouse at the East, in the open in Calif, and the 

 South. Prop, by seeds, or cuttings of the half-ripened 

 wood. J. BuKTT Davy. 



Pittosporums at Los Angeles: P. nndulatum is used 

 considerably for hedges, for which purpose it is very 

 good. A specimen in Singleton Court about 25 years 

 old is more than 25 ft. high. It seeds very profusely 

 each year, and the blossoms are very sweet in smell 

 and, owing to their great number, make a fine show. 

 This tree is nearly as far through the top as it is high. 

 P. nigricrins or P. etigenioides do not grow as com- 

 pact. Tin- iimk-r^iL'tieil knows of some specimens of 



P. eu,ir„ '. ii. ,1 ...,. :i.-, ft. high and 12 ft. through 



the t"|i. 1'. .1 : .1 h. r kiinls at all common here are 

 P. virni .loiiiiw. Tobira and its var. 



varifijuhn.- iii.l /'. '< i.iiif,,lii(iii. The latter is similar 

 to what goes here under the names of P. eugenioides 

 or nigricans, except that the lvs. are about one-third 

 the size. P. revolutitm and rhombifolium are less 

 known in cultivation here. Eknest Braunton. 



llphii. Kirk?). Kaho. 

 dal growth, rarely ex- 

 ery obtuse, thick and 

 U.iove, clothed beneath 

 ■ •els %-l in. long: fls. 

 y pubescent: fr. I in. 

 onths. March, April. 

 P.S. 21:2151. B.M. 

 5978.— Useful for ..riiaiiieutal planting on account of 

 its pale, somewhat glaucous foliage: hardy and espe- 

 cially valuable for wind-breaks along the coast, with- 

 standing the severest gales and uninjured by the ocean 

 spray. 



2. tenuifdlium, Gsertn. (P. «lj7ncfflns, Hort. P.ntgra, 

 Hort.f). Tawhivthi. Small tree, 20-40 ft. high, of sym- 

 metrical and compact growth: Ivs. lVJ-2 in. long, acute, 

 thin, dull green, glabrous and shining: pedicels M in. 

 long: fls. i4 in. long; sepals oblone, acute, glabrous: 

 fr. i4 in. long; seeds black. April. New Zealand. — Used 

 in Calif, for clipped hedges and mass planting. 



