1374 



PLUM 



time. Reine Claude, German Prune, Copper, are prob- 

 ably best when top-worked on some strong stock. For 

 many native varieties, seedlings of vigorous natives, as 

 of Golden Beauty and Wayland, make excellent stocks. 

 Amerieanas should be worked on their own seedlings, 

 at least in the North. In the South they are often 

 budded on Marianna. 



Plum trees are usually planted when two years old 

 from the bud, although some of the strong-growing 

 kinds may be planted at a year old with the very best 



means that tii 

 the ground. ' 

 of tillage, ther 

 if tops are stn 



PLUM 



the product. Thorough spraying with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture is a specific for the trouble. 



The curculio, which causes wormy fruit, can be held 

 in check by the jarring process, as described under 

 Peach. 



For literature on Plums, see Waugh's "Plums and 

 Plum Culture ; " Bulletins by Waugh, GofF and Craig, 

 chiefly on Native Plums. Bull. V.n. Cornell Exp. Sta. 



m54 Moldavka a Russian 



leader may be allowi-. 

 Domestieas is borne ni 

 1858. These spurs, tl 

 unless it is di'siiv I t tl 

 and thr .iii-.-iii. . 

 spurs :i'i ! . ' : 



-|i.Ti;illv those 



■i,u-.,\ trunk or 



H- fruit of the 



ho«nin Fig 



t be temoved 

 the \mericanas 



borne both on 



t IS one of the 

 pt m check by 

 «er should go 

 [It and again as 

 ughly spiayed 

 the leaf blight 

 (ratively little 



systeuiaiir.illv c 

 over his orchard lot it i 

 soon as the leaves tall lit 

 every year with Boid 

 fungus, the black kmt \ ill i 

 headway in the orchard 



The blight, which causes the leaves to fall in August 

 or September, is one of the most serious diseases in 

 the Plum orchard, but the disease can readilj be kept 

 in check by thorough spra^ mg with Bordeaux mixture 

 two or three times during the summer The mixture for 

 spraying Plums should be we iker than for apples, par 

 ticularly for the Japanese vaiieties 



The fruit-rot is the work of i fnnffiis Af-iin times 

 the dead and dried fruit ma-v I i I i i tl 



tree all winter, as shown m Fu 1'^ ' In I 



it is very likely that the fruit sj i i i i 11 1 tl 

 upper one in the pictuie h is I i li li i llii tl 



1853. Early Red, one of the Russian Plums (X %) 



varieties are much more susceptible to it than others. 

 The Lombard is one of the worst. Again, if the fruit 

 grows in dense clusters, the disease is more likely to be 

 severe. The thinning of the fruit, therefore, is one of 

 the very best preventives of the spread of the disease, 

 and at the same time, also, one of the most efficient 

 means of increasing the size, quality and salableness of 



(from which the above account is adapted); bulletins 

 of Cornell Exp. Sta. on Japanese Plums, and also No. 

 38 on Native Plums. L H B 



CuLTi\ATiON OF Nath E Plims — Approximatcl J JOO 

 varieties ot Plums derived chiefly from 6 native tjpes 

 aie IK w )i I i^itid l^ Anieiican nurserjmen and 

 1 I 1 t 1 \i 11 I 1 I i \ large number of 



tl ] l\ worthless, and must 



1 1 1 1 1 \ 1 1 1 It minority, however 



I I 1 I 1 i It II 1 iisiderable merit, and 



1 1 1 1 1 II IS peiniinent tdditions to our porno 



I 1 111 I lit, nitive varieties are now pre pagated 



1)1 111 til usands annually, both for home use 

 111 I I 1 II 1 1 t t II certnm culinary purposes man\ ot 

 tht II ants 111 sii] 11 1 II 1 ill m in-v plates, particu 

 larlj in stites t I 11 I t i the^ aie the most 

 profitable markt t I 1 



TheAmerica.i 11 i ilh qualified to -nith 



stiiil th st^ri 1 1 11 t.is T1m\ ire su 



I 11 11 t \ 1 sneust ftir 



11 1(1 t II s Hid chern 



I 1 1 It 1 1 t \ t I asscd the 



I 1 ., ltd\Lit Vun,iit 111 il lums woiked 



tu It It IS ttitttth hinlj 



The Americana Plums aie wayward and awkwaid 

 giowcis With man^ \aritties it is impossible to make 

 a comely onlniil tiie 1 In \ do in t ipi eii to tike 

 \ery kindh to i i ii ^ 1 tl i i i 1 n il 1 I s 1 i n 



to let tli I \ I I 1 I 11)111 iiii 



ingthe hi t t 1 1 1 11 V I 1 11 II .; 



1 1 111 his will do sonietliii i i I i i^ the trees 



1 ut with our present km w 1 1 i \i i snt prunin.r 

 t III Ik recommended fti u i ti Hit method 



ot ht iding m, as often p i i 1 \ itl Iht Domestica 

 I liiras IS especially unadiittd to tlit Amtiicanas 



The Americana Plums aie carlj and very prolific 

 bearers Overbearing is a habit and a serious fault with 

 most varieties. Extensive thinning of the fruit is in 

 dispensable. The trees are sometimes severely attacked 

 by shot-hole fungus, and thorough spraying with Bor- 

 deaux mixture is necessary. The fruit-rot (monilia) at- 

 tacks all the native Plums more or less, and must be 

 controlled by Bordeaux mixture. See Spraying. 



The Nigra group lias two or three important varie- 

 ties of superior hardiness, as Cheney and Aitkin. In 

 general they bloom earlier, and fruit less heavily than 

 the Amerieanas. Their habits and culture are the same. 



