131)8 



POMELO 



Shaddock. -Although botanically the Pomelo and 

 Shaddock are of cue species, as known horticulturally in 

 Jamaica they are very different. The Shaddock is a 

 smaller tree than the Pomelo, with larger leaves, but 

 the greatest difference is in the fruit. Whilst one is 

 an esteemed and valuable dessert fruit, the other is 

 hardly ever used, and is not exported. There are 

 two varieties of Shaddock,— one with a globose fruir 

 and flesh of a pale color, the other pear shaped, wiili 

 crimson flesh. In both, the fruits are very large, often 

 weighing 15 or IG pounds; the rind is exceediiif;ly 

 thick, the vesicles are large and distinct, but the flesii 

 is dry and coarse, except in occasional varieties. The 

 Shaddock is said to have been brought to the West 

 Indies by Captain Shaddock. 



ffog Shaddocl!.— This variety is very like the pear- 

 shaped Shaddock in appearance, and it is probably ii 

 hybrid between the Shaddock and the citron, or the 

 rough lemon. It is of no value whatever as a fruit, 

 being intensely bitter, but it is used for the purpose of 

 cleaning floors to kill fleas, which are troublesome in 

 some houses at certain seasons of the year. The Hog 

 Shaddock is said to make an excellent stock on which to 

 """ ^'""•^'°- W. Hakris. 



The Pomelo in Florida. -In no place in the world 

 has the culture of the Pomelo reached such perfection 

 as in Florida. Indeed, the improvement of the fruit and 

 extension of its cultivation in that state has led to its 

 establishment as an important commercial fruit. Its 

 cultivation as a market fruit has been extended from 

 Florida to California and Jamaica, and it is only in these 

 localities as yet, so far as the writer is informed, where 

 any of its varieties are grown on a commercial scale In 

 most foreign countries the pear-shaped Pomelos, or 

 Shaddocks as they are more properly called, are con- 

 sidered superior to the round varieties, but in this coun- 

 try the industry has been built up with the round types, 

 varieties of which have been developed that are much 

 sweeter and of better quality and flavor than any of the 

 pear-shaped forms or Shaddocks. The good varieties 

 grown for the market in Florida are almost entirely of 

 native origin, though one fairly good sort-the Pernaiu- 

 buco-was introduced from South America. 



In Florida the Pomelo is, in general, cultivated and 

 manured the same as the orange. The trees grow rather 

 larger than the orange, however, and should be given 

 considerable space. They are ordinarily planted about 

 30 feet apart. Pomelo seedlings from fruits of good 

 quality usually produce good marketable fruits, but the 

 differentiation of varieties has progressed far enough 

 so that advanced horticulturists recommend budding or 

 grafting in order to secure fruit of the best quality. 

 (For a short description of the varieties commonly 

 grown see Citrus Decumana.) The Pomelo is usually 

 budded either on its own stock or on that of the sweet 

 orange or sour orange. Many growers think 

 that it gives best results when budded on 

 Its own stock, and this is very extensn elj 

 practiced in Florida. The Pomelo is raoie 

 easily injured by cold than the oiange, 

 and in the freeze of 1894-5 in Florida all 

 trees in the northern and central pirf t 

 the state were killed to the ground s 

 this time large plantings have be.ii i I 

 southern Florida, and in a few year 

 larger crop will be produced than f I 

 fore. Considerable quantities of the fiii 

 are also being produced in California 



H. J. Webber 

 POMME BLANCHE. Pxoralea escnhnt , 



POMOLOGY (UteraUy. science of fiuit ) 

 All those subjects, both practical and scien 

 tiflc, that have to do with the growing of 

 fruits are assembled under the term Pi 

 raology. It is synonymous with Fruit glow 

 ing. There has been an effort to duorc 

 the terms Pomology and Fruit-grown g 

 making the former comprise the scientihc 

 and clasaiflcatory subjects and the latter the 

 practical subjects; but such division is ar 

 bitrary and is opposed to usage. The word 



POMOLOGV 



"growing" can no longer be held, when used in such 

 connection, to designate merely the planting and care 

 of fruit-plants, for all good practice is indissolubly 

 associated with scientific knowledge and theory. Fruit- 

 growing IS a more familiar and homely term than the 

 ireek word Pomology, and for that reason it has 



Lati 

 seemed 



ne per 



be le 



laptable to 



mal pre,, 

 wiedge 



jf the 

 1 with 



ver, that with the ex- 

 ception of Prince's "Po- 

 mological Manual," none of 

 the fruit books that have 

 done much to mold public 

 opinion in America have 

 been known as Pomologies, 

 notwithstanding the fact 

 that the greater number of 

 them have given great at- 

 tention to formal descrip- 





The 



Pomology is founded 



on the Lati , , _ 



word that was used generically for "fruit." lu later 

 Latin it came to be associated more particularly with 

 the apple-like fruits. The word is preserved to us in the 

 French pom wif, meaning "apple, "and in other languages 

 of Latin derivation. In English we know it as pnme, a 

 botanical terra used to designate fruits that have the 

 peculiar morphological structure of the apple and pear. 

 This use of the terra is explained under the article Pi/- 

 riis. A pome is shown in Fig. 1889. The "core," inside 

 the light dotted line, is the ripened carpels; the flesh, 

 outside this line, is the thickened torus or receptacle, on 

 or "eye " is borne. However, 



thei 



I top of which the 



■edfrom the Latin 

 I pnme. 



SCK 



(IflMiiil ,,n tlic use ..f th<. H.. id" fruit," This word, as 

 UNi-d by tlio horticulturist, is iiii|.(.ssible of definition. 

 1 roducts that are classed with fiuits in one country 

 may be classed with vegetables in another. To the 

 horticulturist a fruit is a product that is closely asso- 

 ciated, in its origin, with the flower. As used in this 

 country, a fruit is the product of a bush or tree or 

 woody vine, the most marked exception being the straw- 

 berry. Most fruits may be grouped under three gen- 

 eral heads, -orchard or tree fruits, vine fruits (of 

 which the grape is the type I. nnd small fruits. Of the 

 orchard fruits, the leading fiiroups arc tlic pome fruits 

 (apples, pears, etc.), druj.e frniis i pi-acbes, plums, 

 cherries, etc.), and thecitn.us tiiiits (uran-cs, lemons, 

 The species of fruits that are fairly well known 



in North A 



tant commercial species are 



than 40. 



W'lf'i':^ 



1890 Apple orchard at bearine aee. as s 



