QUERCUS 



beneath. 2-C in. long: fr. ovoid. i4-l in. long, em- 

 liraceii alpuut one-tliird by the deeply saucer-.shaped cup. 

 Iiul. and Iowa t,. Tex. and Fla. S.S. 8:411. G.F. 7:515. 

 517 —Tall tree, only recently introduced into cult. : much 

 like y. em;-iiira in foliage and like Q. nibra in fruit, but 

 the cup somewhat deeper and smaller and pale grayish 

 tomentose. 



QUERCUS 



1479 



2043. Ouercus palustris (on the left) and Q. Phellos {X M)- 



4. coccinea, Jluench. Scarlet Oak. Fig. 2042, 2044. 

 Tree, to 80 ft..\vitli gradually spreading branches forming 

 a round-topped rather open head: Ivs. deeply divided by 

 wide sinuses into 7-9 rather narrow, oblong or lancco 

 late, few-toothed lobes, bright green and glossy above, 

 light green and glabrous beneath, 4-8 in. long: fr. short- 

 stulked, ovoid to oblong-ovate, K-% in. 

 long, embraced about one-half bythe almost 

 glabrous cup. Me. to Fla., west to Minn, 

 and Mo. S.S. 8:412, 413. Em. l:163.-Espe- 

 cinlly valuable for its brilliant scarlet fall 

 coloring; grows well in dryish situations. 



."). E611oggii, Newb. {Q. CaHf&rnica, 



C'cM>l>. ]. t;AI.IFOUNIAN BlaIK OaK. Fig. 



2045. Tree, occasionally to 100 ft., with 

 es f 

 Ivs. divided about to 

 the middle by wide sinuses into usually 7 

 oblong, toothed lobes, pubescent when 

 yii\ing, at length glabrous and glossy above, 

 yellowish green and glabrous orfloccose be- 

 iiciith, :i-6 in. long: fr. short-stalked; acorn ovoid or ob- 

 long, mostly rounded at the top, 1-1 K in. long, eni- 

 liraced about one-third or one-half by the deep hemi- 

 spherical glabrous cup. Ore. to Calif. S.S. 8:410. G.F. 

 9:145. 



0. veliitina, I,am [Q.tincttiria. Bartr.). Black Oak. 

 Yei. LOW Bark Oak. Figs. 2040, 2041 (3), 2042. Tree, to 

 80. sometimes to 1.50 ft., with rather slender brain'lies, 

 spreading gradually into a narrow, open head : t>nrk 

 very dark brown, iimcr bark orange: Ivs. pinnatitul to 

 or beyond the middle, with 7-9 broad toothed lol.i's, 

 dark and dull green above, brownish pubescent beneath 

 at tirst, glabrous at length, except in the axils of the 

 veins, 4-10 in. long: fr. short-stalked; acorn ovoid, %-\ 

 in. Imi!;. enilirai'ed about one-half by the hemispherical 

 d. 1.-. 1^ \-r Hi rnp. Me. to Fla!. w.st to Minn, and 



7. cune4ta, Wangh. ((?. tliqilAta, Sudw. Q. faletlla, 

 Michx.). Spanish Oak. Tree, to 70, rarely to 100 ft., 

 with stout spreading branches forming an open, round- 

 topped head: Ivs. deeply pinnatifid, with 5-7 entire lan- 

 ceolate and often falcate lobes, separated by broad si- 

 nuses, drooping, dark green and glabrous above, tawny 

 or grayish tomentulose beneath, 3-8 in. long: fr. short- 

 stalked: acorn subglobose, K in. high, embraced one- 

 half bv the turbinate cup. N. J. to Fla.. west to Mo. 

 and Tex. S.S. 8:420. G.F. 8:104. -Handsome, with 

 peculiarly distinct foliage, but not quite hardy north. 



8. iUcifdlla, Wangh. {Q. Bduisteri, Michx. Q. tutna. 

 Sarg. ). Bear or Scrub Oak. Intricately branched, 

 spreading shrub to 10 ft. high, rarely small tree to 20 

 ft. : Ivs. pinnately lohed, with usually 2 broad triangular 

 lobes on each side, dark green and glabrous above,whit- 

 ish tomentulose beneath. 2-5 in. long; fr. short-stalked; 

 acorn i;l"l..i-r-,,v,,i.|, ■„ in. ..,■ l.-ss l.mli. nnln'a.'r,! about 

 one-halt In ili- -:"ir,-,--l,,ii.r .1 .■,,,,. M, , i,. \.,.. Nv,>.t to 



jg barren rocl. 



ally on. I rv n..-kv s^ 



be used for coven] 



Hybrids with Q. cocciimi and y. veiutina are known 



(Rbodora, 3:24). 



9. nigra, Linn. {Q. aqudtica, Walt. Q. tiligindm, 



Wangh.). Water Oak. Tree, to 80 ft., with rather 



slender branches forming a conical, round-topped head: 



Ivs. obovate, 3-lobed at the apex or sometimes entire, 



ly pinnatifid above the middle, dull bluish green 



but not quite hardy north. Usually called Q. aqnatica. 



10. MariMndioa, Mueuch (Q. nigra, Wangh. Q. fer- 

 riiffiHca, Michx.). Black Jack. JackOak. Tree,to30, 

 sometimes to 50 ft., with short spreading branches form- 

 ing a narrow, round-topped or often irregular head: Ivs. 

 obovate, 3-5-lobed at the broad apex, with broad, entire 

 or sparingly toothed lobes, glabrous and dark green 

 above, at length glabrous and yellowish green beneath, 

 brownish tomentose at first: fr. short-stalked; acorn 

 ovoid-oblong, ?i in. high, embraced one-third to two- 

 thirds by the tiirbinate cup. N. Y. to Fla., west to Neb. 

 and Texas. S.S. 8:426. 427. — Handsome tree, with its 

 large glossy foliage; hardy north. Better known as Q. 

 nigra, but this name really belongs to the preceding 

 species. 



11. PWUos, Linn. Wiiin.v Oak, Plate XXI. Fig. 



2043. Tree,to.-i !• .'i. ing 80 ft., with 



rather slender 111 : i :il. round-topped 



head: Ivs. sIi.mi , '■■'■-■ bright green 



and glossy abovL. luihi .-ci lit ''ri^'v. mIhh j oung, glabrous 

 and light green at length, 2-4 in. long: frs. almost ses- 

 sile, acorn subglobose, ii-i4 in. high, embraced about 

 one-fourth by the saucer-shaped cup. N. Y. to Fla.,west 

 to Mo. and Tex. S.S. 8:435. Gt. 29, p. 221. A. G. 17:195. 

 R.H. 1898, p. 149. -Beautiful hardy medium-sized tree 



V 



^ 



. . ^ 



with handsome foliage turning pale yellow in fall, 

 prefers moist or almost swampy soil. 



12. imbricaria, Michx. Shinole Oak. Tree, to 60, 

 rarely to 100 ft., with slender and somewhat pendulous 



