IbU BETULA 



Regel.)- Lvs. broad-ovate, usually truncate at the 

 base. Var. pfendula, Hort. Branches slender, dis- 

 tinctly pcndulnus ; cult, in se%-ei-al different forms, as 

 var. pSndula laciniata, Hort., with laciniate lvs.; a 

 very ^'raci-ful form ( Kig. 234) ; var. p6ndula ^legans ; 

 var. pendula Young-i, and others. 



(2) pub6scens, Ehrh. (B. odorifa, Bechst.). Less 

 pendulous or upright, sometimes shrubby ; branchlets 

 usually pubescent, not glandular : lvs. ovate, pubes- 

 cent beneath, at Iea.st when young : cones pendu- 

 lous or erect. The first grows more in dry situations, 

 while the latter is found growing in moist places, 

 often in swamps. To this subspecies belong the follow- 

 ing varieties : Var. exc61sa, Regel. {B. eicdsa. Ait.). 

 Tree : lvs. ovate, short petioled, pubescent bene»th. 

 Var. pub^scens, Kegel. Branches and lvs. pubescent, 

 at least when young ; lvs. ovate, acute. Var. urticifd- 

 lia, Spach. Lvs. small, deep green, irregularly in- 

 cised-serrate, .unequal at the base. Var. Carpitica, 

 Regel, P6ntica, Dipp., and tortudsa, Regel, are small 

 trees, without any horticultural value. 



CO. Trunk with dark bronze-colored bark. 



11. occidentlllis. Hook. Small tree, occasionally 40 ft.; 

 branchlets slender, glandular : lvs. broadly ovate or 

 nearly orbicular, acute or obtuse, sharply serrate, .short- 

 petioled, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at the veins be- 

 neath, 1-2 in. long: cones 1-lH in. long ; bracts with 

 erect, oval lobes, the middle one usually longer. North- 

 west Amer., east to Dakota and Nebraska. S.S. 9: 453. 

 BB. Wings smaller than the nut : shrubs 1-15 ft.: lvs. 



small, short-petioled : cones erect. 

 c. Branchlets glandular, not pubescent. 



12. glanduldsa, Michx. Only 1-4 ft.: lvs. short-peti- 

 oled, rounded or cuneate at the base, orbicular or 

 broadly obovate, obtuse, dentate, glabrous, H-i!4 in. 

 long : cones peduncled, ii-%m. long : lobes of bracts 

 nearly equal, slightly spreading. Newfoundland to 

 Alaska, south to Michigan, and in the Rocky Mountains 

 to Colorado. B.B. 1:510. 



cc. Branchlets pubescent or nearly glabrous, not 

 glandular. 



13. pi:imila, Linn. Usually 2-8 ft., rarely 15 : branch- 

 lets tomentose or pubescent, at least when young : lvs. 

 orbicular or oval, acute or obtuse, coarsely dentate, pale 

 and glabrous or pubescent beneath, K-2 in. long: cones 

 peduncled, y^-\ in. long ; lateral lobes of the pubescent 

 bracts spreading, shorter than the middle one. New- 

 foundland to Minn., south to Ohio. B.B. 1:511. Var. 



fastigiata, Hort. (B. humilis 

 fastigiata, Hort.). Of distinct, 

 upright ■■ " 



(fji^a is shown in G.F. 8:245. 



la, Linn. Low, spreading, rarely 4 ft.: lvs. 

 ■ or cuneate-obovate, crenate, rounded at apex, 

 , K-?4in. long : cones nearly sessile, %-%va. 

 e upper bracts usually entire, the lower ones 



234. Cut leaved Weepme Birch— Betula , 



3-lobed. Arctic N.E. Amer., N.Eu., Siberia. B.B. 1:511. 



—A low, graceful shrub for rockeries and rocky slopes. 



B.alnoXdrs, Hamilt. 1 1!. cvlmdrostachvii. Wall), Trcn, MHiO 



ft.: barkl.r.iWii I ■, - ,,,,,:,. .,1,1, .,i^, ,i ,;., ,■:,, i,i,l:,i,'!.., -,,rr,,,lt.: 



I"ng : cones 

 Shrub, to 15 

 .-l.'.ndular be- 





Alfred Rehder. 



333. Leaves of Betula alba. Natur: 



BIARUM (old and obscure name). 

 Aro)di'(v. Dwarf, tuberous perennials of 

 the same trilio witli our native jaok-in- 

 the-pulpit. They are hardy in England, 

 but probably arc suitable onlv for pot-cul- 

 ture in the northern V. 8. They have a 

 spathe which is tubular at the base, mostly 

 with a long limb, and usually a long tail- 

 like spadix. They grow a few'inches high. 

 Odd. Little known in America. 



tentufdlium, Schott {Arum tenuitdlium, 

 Linn.). Lvs. linear-lanceolate or spatu- 

 late, appearing after the fls. decay: spathe 

 long-acuminate, at length recurved and 

 twisted spirally, about 10 In. long, out- 

 side green, streaked purple ; Inside dull 

 purple, spotted ; margins wavy : spadix 

 15 in. long. Spain. B.M. 2282. 



?yr&mi,EDg. (I'seharumPyrdmi, Schott). 

 Lvs. oblong above the middle, narrowing 

 abruptly to a very long petiole, resembling 



