166 



BLACKBERRY 



plants as long as possible before picking, for it is not 

 ripe when it first turns black. It should never be 

 exposed to the sun after it is removed from the bushes. 

 The Blackberry generally outyields all the other mem- 

 bers of this family, and is usually one of the most profit- 



able to grow when properly managed, provided the cli- 

 mate and other general conditions are favorable. 



There are several formidable enemies of the Black- 

 berry, but they are generally easily mastered by the 

 alert and energetic grower. Cutting out the bearing 

 canes as soon as they are through fruiting will circum- 

 vent the borer which sometimes works in the canes, and 

 will aid in preventing the spread of anthracnose and 

 leaf rusts. The orange rust must be fought by digging 

 up and burning infected bushes as soon as detected, for 

 there is no cure. But this trouble is seldom serious. 

 Fred W. Card. 



BLACKBEKRY LILY. See Belemcanda. 



BLACKWOOD. See Acacia. 



BLADDER NUT. See Staphylea. 



BLADDERWORT. See Utricularia. 



BLANDFORDIA (after George, Marquis of Bland- 

 ford). Z,ili()ce<e. Tender bulbous plants from Australia 

 and Tasmania, placed by J. G. Baker (Jour. Linn. Soc. 

 11:364) between Kniphofla and Punkia, but very dif- 

 ferent in general appearance from Funkia. Roots tu- 

 berous fibers: Ivs. in two vertical ranks, narrowly linear, 

 hard, persistent : fls. large, lM-3 in. long, showy, nod- 

 ding, in short racemes, usually orange-red to crimson, 

 with yellow tips. 



Being tenderer than the poker plant, and of more 

 diflJcult culture, Blandfordias are rarely grown in 

 America. B. flammula, var. princeps, is the best kind. 

 In New South Wales they grow in peat bogs and on 

 shady mountain sides. During the growing season they 

 must be shaded from bright sunshine, and during the 



BLECHNUM 



resting season they may be placed in a light pit, where 

 they arc not crow.k-ii nr shaded by taller plants. They 

 lik.- a iin.i^t atnii.-i.lic re- and plenty of air, but not 

 liiMii-liK. Jli. rill, 1 , iriiii-ut of the potting soil should 

 1" pi;, I : it 111, |., Ill I- li'-avy, use sand freely ; if light, 

 us,- ~.,T,ii- l,.:iiri, ai,,l j.a.k firmly; if spon^-v. add some 

 charcoal. Pot after flowering, in i,iil> iriiiL:, I, iiig 

 careful not to overpot, and plan t,. : , ilis- 



turbed for two years at least. At,,|. ii . > I ii -, , ar 



and liquid manure during growing s, a- ii, i- n, , , --ary 

 to produce a good flowering. Prop, by s.ids sown in 

 sandy peat with mild bottom heat, or usually by careful 

 and not too frequent divisions of the root, made in early 

 spring, after flowering, at the time of repotting, and 

 preferably when strong offsets are formed. 

 A. Margin of lis. not roughish. 



Cunninghami, Lindl. Lvs. 18-24 in. long, 3-4 lines 

 wide, broader than in B. flammea : fls. 10-15, or even 

 20. Blue Mts. of Australia. B.M. 5734. Gn. 24:411.- 

 This has lately been held to be synonymous with B. 

 grnniliflora, but it is horticulturally distinct, and the 

 pedicels are shorter. 



AA. Margin of lvs. roughish. 

 B. Fls. golden yellow, witliout any red. 



seiaea, Hook. f. Lvs. 8-12 in. long, lK-2 lines wide: 

 fls. 3-6, the only ones in the genus not touched with 

 red ; perianth wide-swelling, sometimes nearly as wide 

 as long, more bell-shaped than any other species. N. S. 

 Wales. B.M. 5809. 



BB. Fls. red-tuhed and yellow-tipped. 

 c. Perianth long. 3-4 times as long as wide. 



n6bllis, Smith. Lvs. 12-18 in. long, %-% lines wide, 

 dark green, sharply 3-angled : fls. 4-9, smallest of the 

 genus, and narrowest. Near Port Jackson. B.M. 2003. 

 B.R. 286. 



fUmmea, Lindl. Lvs. 12-18 in. long. 2-2K lines wide: 

 fls. 4-12, typically constricted near the base of the tube 

 and much lower down than in B. Cunninghami. E. Aus- 

 tralia. B.M. 4819. P.M. 16:354. F.S. 6:585. F.S. 18: 

 1829, as B. Cunninghami. 



Var. princeps, Baker (B. princeps, W. G. Smith), has 

 larger and brighter colored fls., and is the best of the 

 genus. The perianth is longer and less spreading than 

 in the type, and swells very gradually from the base, 

 instead of being constricted near the base. B.M. 6209. 

 F.M. 1875:170. F.S. 22:2314. Gn. 47:1013. 



cc. Tube short, scarcely twice as long as wide. 



grandifldra, K. Br. Lvs. 12-18 in. long, 3-4K lines 

 wide: fls. 10-30. Distinguished from all others by hav- 

 ing the filaments inserted above instead of at the middle, 

 but in var. intermedia, Baker, which connects B. grandi- 

 flora and nobilis, the filaments are inserted at the mid- 

 dle of the tube, the lvs. are narrower, and the fls. smaller. 

 Tasmania. B.R. 924. — The name grandiflora is now a 

 misnomer, as the fls. are smaller than in any other .spe- 

 cies except B. nobilis. The rarest species. \y. M. 



BLANKET FLOWER. See Gaillardia. 



BLAZING STAR. S,ee Liatris. 



r some fern). Polypodiil- 



. .1' kl\ turn brown and 



I'rop. by spores. In 



I I iiMt in nomenclature. 



1 7.")3, aud to the West 



,. ,'.. .1, iilale, citing figures, 



ii, (il.tni that recent writers 



l",a-t liullan plant he sirai- 



/, . 11 ic normal or ordinary 



l,.|,.\v, the name B. orientate 



fill to florists for jardinif^res, 



To attain best results, it is 



abundance of moisture at the 



