202 



CABBAGE 



seed that this or any other vegetable can be improved, 

 or even its present good qualities maintained. It would 

 seem to be an easy matter to save and use only the seed 

 of a few of the most perfect Cabbages, for the plant is 

 capable of enormous seed production. We have known 

 » single plant to yield 35 ounces of seed, enough, 

 if every seed grew, to furnish the plants for 50 acres ; 

 but it is not quite so easy as this showing would make 

 it— first, because the yield mentioned is an exceptional 

 one, and, secondly, because it is v^ry spldom that an 

 isolated plant, yields a crop of scid. Th.- tliw i- of the 

 Cabbage is sexually perfect, and 1 iliml; ili. n i- nc, dis- 

 covered reason why individual lilmi- ai^^ ^i !1 impo- 

 tent, but we have never succic ,|, i n, L.nn:- innrc 

 than a very few seeds ft^Hn :im i .- . • .1 ;.: u i :M,i i n 

 the open air or when t-in i . i . : i 



ture of glass and cloth, in n i i 



confined. At,Miii, wo li.-i\ r , . |.. v. J i i.,,,,,;im i,, - 



plant .if nil ti.nnlr. .1, -i'll ilii;- IIm- iv-l III :i I , |. ,r 1, , ;, n, I t i |.. 

 few SCI .[ ' ■. . .' ! ' ..'I, III.' i^..i;ilrl| Mil,. |,r,„|lli'ri| ]il;ilim 



Showilii |.. .-iihI .|.ilt.. liilVi-ji.i- ,,i ,.v,.,in.-. 



popular >..,!■.. I i... .., luu.lu up i.f liiL- .U-.scL-ii.laut.s uf a 

 single isolated plant, but it is a curious fact that in the 

 second and subsequent generations the stock was very 

 different in type from that of the selected plant from 

 which it was descended. The originator of one of our 

 best varieties maintains that it is essential to the produc- 

 tion of the best seed of that sort that seed-plants of very 

 different types should be set together, and by crossing 

 they will produce and give plants of the desired type. 

 In spite of those facts, we believe that the general rule 

 and practice which give the best results with other plants 

 are equally desirable for the Cabbage, and that in this, 

 as with other pl.ants. we should first form a distinct and 

 exact <'nii.'..pti..n of t!i,. j.lr.nt wf ivi^li to produce, and 



then rai-.' ^i , ,1 i . .m. 1 1 „ i,i,.i, ,, ,1,.,.^ ii.-arest to that 



ideal. I: • ..< . r a distinct and 



well (1. li III . < /..int to produce 



very vasuc i.li'a i.f tlic f.\ai-t type wanted. Some years 

 ago we visited the originator of one of our best varieties, 

 for the purpose of learning what he considered the type 

 ol the variety. He was an intelligent man, a good culti- 

 vator, and had been growing this strain for over twenty 

 years. He took us into a field of as handsome Cabbages 

 as we ever saw, but which were far from uniform. We 

 asked him to select an ideal plantof his strain, and care- 

 fully noted its every characteristic Going to another 

 part of the field, we asked hmi to select another, and he 

 picked out one w hith in color, shape and general charac 

 ter of the crop, was very different from the first Both 

 were fine market Cabbages, but so different that if either 

 were taken as the true type of the variety, the other 

 should be thrown out of a seed crop as being a different 

 sort Third and fourth selections were intermediate 

 between the first two and the fifth very nearly like the 

 first This man had been growing this strain for twenty 

 years, and was intent upon developing a strain of supe 

 nor qualit} for marketing, and in his selection and 

 breeding hid Innl cd «iokh to tho selling quihtv of the 

 heads H , ,t ,1! 1 r f r t 



breed i 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 ^ 1 t 



big c 1 I I t ii I 1 



Ity c t 1 1 I 1 1 1 I I ] 



ered ill I I 1 1 1 t Km 1 tl 



plants whuli 11 1 1 1 fi 111 tlusc 11 I 1 



an extra select 1 1 1 1 t nth of the best \\ 



would set the \ I I I 1 1 1> square block imiI 



the extr i s, 1 ( 1 1 i ■« ^^ ull s , I 



plant 11 I I I 1 



havii I 

 lot ill 

 woul 1 



rathei il. 1 u 1 I 1 I 1 is 1 iin i m 1 1 



the lots iiXj 

 we can gradu 1 1 1 

 seed much bett 1 



In commerci il 1„ „ thty" aim to so time the 



planting that the 1 n i> will 1 1 just coming to maturitj 

 at the time of storing for winter Mixtures and inferior 

 plants can be detected and throw n out then as well as 

 ■when the plants are fully matured, and the younger 



produced 



CACALIA 



plants will go through the winter and seed better than 

 those which are fully ripe when put away for the win- 

 ter. The plants are usually wintered in the manner 

 described for storing for market use, except that the 

 trench is u.sually narrower. The plants are set out for 

 .scc.l b.-ariiii; a- early as possible in the spring. It is 

 iisiiall\- ?i.f.-v,ii-y to carefully open the head by two 

 cT.i^s lut- with a knife in order to let the tender seed- 

 .sialk l.i-.-ak ilir..iigh. The plants are given double or 

 tii.bU- the spac-u which they required the first year. It 

 is generally true that the more developed and better the 

 stock, the smaller the yield of seed. \y. ^y. Tkact. 



CAB6MBA .i.lw.riL'lii;.! ,i;,iii. l. .r„,„,J,,,.-,., vr. Haifa 

 ■■ - .■ '.•■ -:-"l • •-■■.III. ;. .1-1-1. .. . with small 



■.. . . r !-. |.. . i.. I ■. I.' .. i., .- :....: ].. ■,.!-. ..a.'h 3 or 4, 



III.. I ~; i. . . .'.Il I" i- -' .:, 11 ... ..nil .li.slinct, and 



. ..i r.:. .1 ;.-. 111.. 1; Ui.s.iccU.d Uiid iliu^lly opposite. 



Caroliiiiana, ilray {C. aqudtica, DC, not Aubl. 0. 

 .';.'/;,'./..., II. lit. I. Floating Ivs. green, oblong-linear : 

 IN. \\liiti. witii ■_' Yellow spots at base of each petal; 

 .st.umiisU. N. Car., S. and W. A.G. 15:157.— C. rosic- 

 fdlia, Hort., is a form with reddish Ivs. A.G. 15:157. 



The true C. aqudtica, Aubl., of trop. Araer., with 

 yellow fls. and nearly orbicular floating Ivs., is shown 

 in B.M. 7090. l. h. b. 



Cabomba,Caro!ir>innii is very largelyused by growers 

 of aquatics. It is one of the indispensable plants for 

 the aquari'im. It is grown largely in North Carolina, 

 District of Columbia and Maryland, where it can be ob- 

 tained in quantities during the year for persons in the 

 large eastern cities, where it is commonly called Fish 

 Grass, Washington Grass, etc. It is tied in bunches with 

 a metallic fastening, "Which acts as a weight, thus re- 

 taining the same in a natural position in water. In a 

 moderate temperature it soon emits roots and grows 

 freely. It is a submerged plant, except in midsummer, 

 when the flowers are borne above the water, accompa- 

 nied by a few floating leaves. It is one of the best 

 plants for domestic fish. It also grows in New Jersey, 

 where it is quite hardy. C. rosiefolia is tender, does not 

 retain its delightful carmine coloring under confinement, 

 and is not so often met, except in Florida. 



William Teioker. 



CACALIA ( ancient Greek name ) . Comp6sitm. Peren- 

 nial herbs, of which 9 or 10 are native to the U. S. 

 Florets all hermaphrodite, with white or flesh colored 

 corollas eich < f the 5 lobes with \ midnerve akenes 





