CAMELLIA 



CAH£LLIA (after George Joseph Kamel or Camellus, 

 a Moravian Jesuit, who traveled in Asia in the seventeenth 

 century). Ternsiramidceie. Evergreen trees or shrubs: 

 Ivs. alternate, short-petioled. serrate: fls. large, axillary 

 • ■ tially solitary, white or red ; sepals and 



CAMELLIA 



225 



shining, 



nnre: stamen: 



at the base: 

 3-5-celled,dehis- 

 capsule, with 

 large, globular or 

 ovoid seeds About 

 10 species mtrop and 

 subtrop Asia, di 

 \ ided into the sub 



camellia especiallj ( 

 JapoHica, are popuHi 

 decorative shrubs with 

 very showy fls. About 50 

 years ago one of the most 

 appreciated greenhouse 

 shrubs, and several hun- 

 dred varieties were culti- 

 vated. Of the second 

 subgenus, C. Thea is 

 cultivated in nearly all subtropical couii 

 tries and in the mountainous regions ot 

 the tropics for its leaves, which yield the 

 well-known tea, and are an article of great 

 commercial importance. There is a mono 

 graph of this genus by Seemann m Trans 

 Linn. Soc. XXII. p. 337-352. Illustrated 

 monographs of the horticultural ^allEtlCs 

 are : Curtis, Monogr. of the genus Camelln 

 (1819); Baumann, Bollweiler Camelhcn 

 saramlung (1828); Chandler, Camelh. ,i 

 (1831); Berl4se,Monogr.du genre Canu Hi i 

 a (1839); Verschaffelt, Nouvelle Moi,,, 

 graphic du Camellia (1848-60) the li^t 

 with 576 and the foregoing with 300 colored 

 plates. 



A. Fls. sessile, erect, terminal and aril 

 lary; cahjx-lobes deciduous Cintul 

 lia proper. 



Jap6nioa, Linn. Figs. 328-331. Shrub 

 or tree, sometimes to 40 ft., glabrous: 

 Ivs. very shining and dark green above, 

 ovate or elliptic, acuminate, sharply serrate 

 Hs. red in the type, 3-5 in. across ; petal 

 ish. China, Japan. B.M. 42. S.Z. 82. F. 

 Var. 41ba, Lodd. Fls. white. L.B.C. 7: (i: 

 243. Var. Alba plina, Lodd. Fls. white, d,, 

 3:269. Var. anemonifldra, Curtis. 11^)., 

 petals, the stamens changed into hutim n.ij 

 narrow petals; the whole tl. rfsmilil in- ili: 

 Anemone. L.B.C. 537. B.M. lii.-.4. I'ui t 

 other garden forms, see the aliove mentioned mono- 

 graphs ; also. Flore des Serres, L'lUustration Horticole, 

 and other older horticultural publications contain a 

 large number of varieties with illustrations. 



reticulata, Lindl. Large shrub, glabrous : Ivs. dull 

 green, not shining above, reticulate, flat, elliptic-oblong, 

 acuminate, serrate, 3-5 in. long: fls. 5-7 in. across, pur- 

 plish rose; petals 1.5-20, obovate, loosely arranged. China. 

 B.R. 13:1078. B.M. 2784. P.M. 3:101. -Var. pUna, 

 Hort. Fls. with twice as many petals, and more regularly 

 arranged. B.M. 4976. P.S. 12:1279-80. 



SasAnqua, Thunb. Shrub of loose, straggling habit, 

 with the branches pubescent when young : Ivs. elliptic, 



IS 



(in. ,54, p. 

 le. L.BC. 

 V itli 5 large 

 iu:illerand 

 'f a double 



bluntly pointed at the apex, crenate-ser 

 dark green and hairy on the midrib above, 

 fls. lK-2 in. across, white ; petals 5 or more, obovate or 

 oblong. China, Japan. Gn. 54:1189. S.Z. 83 (except the 

 red vars.). — Var. semipldna, Hort. Fls. semidouble, 

 white. B.R. 1:12 and 13:1091. Var. anemonifldra. Seem. 

 Pis. large, double, outer petals white, inner ones much 

 smaller, yellow. B.M. 51.52. Var. oleifera, Rehd.( C. o?ei^ 

 era, Lindl.). Of more robust habit, with Ivs. and the 

 single white fls. larger than in the tj-pe. B.R. 11:942. 

 L.B.C. 11:1065. 

 AA. Fls. pedicelled, nodding, mostly axilla I y tulyx- 

 teeth persistent Thea. 



TWa, Lmk (C theifna GrifF Thin ^ni.„-.is Lmii ) 

 Tea Shrub, sometmifs til ■ t . ill It l\ - i Hi] ti 1 uii i 

 olate or obovate lanct ol iti i uinin it. s. iiit ^1 I i us 

 sometimes pubescent l>i m itli 11 whit tTi.i nt 1- 

 1^2in broad, petals 5 ( Inn i liidi t — L su ili\ t\\ \ i 

 ties are distinguished Var Bohfea ( 77i(-" /> / I i i 

 Lvs elliptic, dark green, to 3 m long bi n I i i 



B M 998 L B C 3 226 Var vindis ( / / 

 Linn ) Lvs pale green, lanceolate, tu )ii 1 i _ 

 111 m< hps spreading B M. 3148 L B C H 227 and 1') 

 Is s The black tea, however, and green tea ot coninieiee 

 .1 ■ not (ome trom certain varieties, but are the result 

 c.t difterent treatment of the li ivis ifter gatheiine: 



< axiilans Roxb = Goi I * litmnta Loui 



19 1815 - 



Shrub to 4 ft lvs ,,\ it ili ti «1 



nodding asillirs 11' 1 



C euryoides H 



Hook (C Sisin 



nate lis pinlv i 



B M 11144 \ n 11 



limllf M.ik t 

 7 ,47 L B e 

 1H4 BM 2080 

 \l FRED ReHDI 



nil 1 tl 1 well 



kll IWll ( .JiipOH- 



iia or the less 

 common C. Sa- 

 sanqua, and C. 

 Thea, the Tea 

 Plant. They re- 

 quire a coolhouse, 

 not too dry an 

 atmosphere and 



t never suffer 



, dryr 

 roots ; a somewhat 

 shady position is 

 helpful, and good 

 ventilation is essen- 

 tial. A night tem- 

 perature of 45°-50° 

 F. is best for them 

 while at rest ; this 

 is also the time of 

 blooming, but it 

 may be increased 

 during the period 

 of growth ; the day 

 temperature should be from 60°-70° F. The soil for es- 

 tablished plants should be made mainly of well rotted 

 sods, to which should be added some leaf-mold, rotted 

 cow-manure, and enough sand to insure good drain- 

 age ; sod and leaf-mold should be unsifted. For young 

 plants, the Dutch growers use a rather fine soil of 

 peat, leaf -mold and sand ; the Japanese gardeners use 



