234 



the province, by tlif low p 



the north and south t t 



valuable as wmiiln ■ 



influence upon tli. . .,. 

 region. The soil cuii..i.a., 

 overlaying sandstone foin 

 fall of the tides have pro 

 stituting the present ma 

 marsh lands serve the pur 

 annual supply of Ik rliaL,'. 

 exhaustible stort- n( .h, : 

 fruit-growers with ■jn-.ii 

 orchard areas. Fi^;s. :;i_'. 

 Fruit Regions ini 'I /■'/ " 

 Berwick are imp.iriani r 

 are found many of ih. .iM 

 as Golden Pippin ;nid \> 

 apples are grown iu n. mi-I 

 the valleys already im mic 

 of the bearing orchariU. 

 mated at 80,000 iici-.s. :,im 

 havelontr Itfcn cult i\ ;ii. ,1, 



like the 

 and Jap; 

 former ■ 



: :. M A mI. 1\ rultiviited. Donicsticas 

 A 1^ ^ A nii.' is the favorite of the 

 "f ill.' latter. 



Theex|i-i( <! imm-I' •■•■ f.ntaiii began in 1875, and has 

 heen steadilv on tiie jiicroase since that time. The mar- 

 ketable crop of apples in 1896 amounted to 500,000 

 barrels, nearly all exported to Britain. The characteris- 

 tic apple of the province is Gravenstein. This, with 

 Kibston Pippin, was imported from England by Hon. 

 Charles Ramage Prescott, between 1830 and 1835. Col. 

 John Burbidge introduced the Nonpareil Russet. Doctor 

 Inglis, the first bishop of Nova Scotia, introduced Yellow 

 Bellefleur to the Annapolis vallcv. where it is now known 

 by the name of Hi- 



The cranberry im 

 the output from i 

 barrels; in 1898 it 1. 

 varieties cultivated 



The fruit-grow. 1 

 energetic. The I'l 

 the oldest in thi' li. 

 tieultural school, 

 and is affiliated \vii 



The fruit-growiii 

 itsinfancy. The <-li 

 Edward Island, ani 

 are being tested. 



New Brunswick.— The climate of this province fa-- 

 vors a mixed husbandry. Wild raspberries, strawber- 

 ries, blueberries and cranberries grow in wild profusion, 

 and have to some extent hindered the growing of culti- 

 vated forms. Apples may be grown successfully for home 

 use in nearly all parts. Commercial orchards ; 



[■ing rapidly. In 1890 

 'irs amounted to 400 

 ■a 4,000 barri'ls. The 



I s.iil resemble that of Prince 

 iiUy the same class of fruits 



CANADA 



Th.^ snowfall is hc.avy. and is a sufficient protection. 



'I'll .1 \ ^liiM |..-, .,f Woodstock, is a lij^n.^i- in this 



'•! I :' the following vari.t:. 1,>,, i„ru 



;.. ' ill.- St. John river valli ;, : hi. in-,. 



\'i ■ .' ! ., I II ■ ■ I, Pfwaukee. Lonsiti.-hl. an. I .■-. ..n s 



I ^ . ': I f.i ;r.^.. , I . i - ■,..■ t luTL'fore enabled 



I" ;■' . ; ! . || ■ ' . I ;.. ■..'I market at a time 



> ' . . .1 ;■ ' . . I . ■. . , ,. , r, is light in these 



.la —I- I.I tiii:!^. \aii.. I a -[.I.. III. - ami wild cranber- 

 ries (TdrriiiiKiii Viti.i-Iihin i are gathered and shipped 

 in large quantities to Boston. ('. Vilis-Iilira is com- 

 monly known in New Brunswick as Wolfberry or Low- 

 bush Cranberry. In the past, lumbering, fishing and 

 mining have absorbed much attention in New Bruns- 

 wick, but fruit culture is constantly receiving increased 

 attention. Bright minds are at work in the province. 

 What to grow, and how to grow it, are questions receiv- 

 ini; cMi-Ti.'st attention. 



i^iii:niai.— The climatic conditions in eastern Quebec 

 a|ipii.aili .piite closely those obtaining in many parts of 

 N, » niaiiiswick. We find the principal fruit areas ly- 

 ing south of that great artery of commerce, the St. 

 Lawrence river. Here and there, not on the low clay 

 flats, hut on the higher middle elevations, with gravelly 

 subsoil affording natural drainage, we find orchards 

 made up of "La Belle Fameuse," Pomme Gris, and St. 

 Laurent, truly Canadian and truly delicious apples. In 

 the lower St. Lawrence region, especially on the north 

 side, the keeping season of apples is very much ex- 

 tended — or rather, the ripening season is very much re- 

 tarded. At Chicoutmi.on the Saguenay, Red Astrachan 

 ripens about the end of September and Wealthy is late 

 winter. 



In L'Islct county, about 70 miles northeast of the city 

 of Quebec, plum-growing has become a somewhat spe- 

 cialized industry during its evolution, which covers a 

 period of a century and a quarter. Varieties of Reine 

 Claude and of Orleans plums have originated, and are 

 now peculiar to that district. Reine Claude de Mont- 

 morency is a fine flavored strain ..f the parent group. 

 All plums grow in stocky form, with wi.h ly spreading 

 branches, and are very pro.lo.-t iv... 'I'h.. trees are 

 grown in sod, with little loamm- ami r.rtilizing. 



O.-ti.'.. !■ ■ I : I. .M. . ■, I. .'...■■. . have also 



and 



342 Ontario Quebec and 

 Nova Scotia. 

 1, 1, reach and grape regions; 2, mixed 

 fruit zone; 3 general agriciiltare, 

 apples. N 



being planted in the valley of the St. John river, at 

 and about Woodstock. Damson and Moore's Arctic 

 plums are grown to a considerable extent. A few grow- 

 ers have found it profitable to protect their plum trees 

 in winter by planting them in such a manner as admits 

 of the trees being reclined oa the ground in the autumn, 



s the choke cherry, Pnittus I'/r- 

 giniann, Linn. The fruit is eaten 

 raw, but is also made into jellies 

 and conserves. A yellow variety is 

 common to gard.-ti- in tin ,ii Imiv 

 of St. Hyacinth, i . 1 ' i : ai 



of Montreal is ir i i . I..- 



cradle of the fruit iniiii II > <ii ih.- 

 province. Here a uui.> munsno 

 style of fruit-growing prevails. 

 Apples, plums and pears are staples. 

 Strawberries, gooseberries, and 

 other small fruits are largely culti- 

 vated. Convenient market facili- 

 both at.home and abroad, assist 

 the fruit-grower. The hardier types 

 oi Prnnus domestica, such as Dam- 

 and Orleans plums, succeed 

 pt in seasons of unusual se- 

 verity, when their fruit buds fail. Japan plums have 

 not yet been sufficiently teste.l on the island, with the ex- 

 ception of Burliank. which fruits uncertainly. So far as 

 can be ascert:iin.il. tin- Ish.ii.l of :Montreal is the home 

 of the Fameus.. ;iii.l St. L:iwi .ii.a-, and possibly Pomme 

 Gris. About the fii.jthills ..f those curious outcrop- 

 pings of the N'ermont mountains that we find in the 

 Richelieu valley and in the eastern townships — locali- 

 ties peopled by U. E. Loyalists— fruit-growing is a 

 leading branch of rural labor. Beloeil, Rougemont 

 and Abbotsford are well known to Quebec fruit-growers 



