CAEYOPTERIS 



one segment larger and fringed; stamens 4, exserted; 

 fr. separating into 4 somewhat winged nutlets. About 

 6 species in E. Asia. Free-flowering, small shrubs, very 

 valuable for their late blooming season ; not hardy 

 north; even if well protected they will be killed almost 

 to the ground, butthe young shoots, springingup freely, 

 will flower profusely the same season. They require 

 well-drained and sandy soil and sunny position ; if 

 grown in pots, a sandy compost of peat and leaf soil or 

 loam will suit them, and they will flower in the green- 

 house until midwinter. Prop, readily by cuttings of 

 half-ripened wood in summer or fall under glass, and 

 by seeds sown in spring, 



MastacAnthus, Schauer ( C. tiiciJ.m, Miq. C. Sinhisis, 

 Dipp.). Fig. 379. Suftruticose, 1-5 ft.: Ivs. petioled, 

 ovate or oblong, coarsely serrate, pubescent above, 

 grayish tomentose beneath, 2-3 in. long : cymes pe- 

 dunoled, dense-fld.; fls. small, violet-blue or lavender- 

 blue. Aug.-Nov. China, Jap. B.R. 32:2. B.M. 6799. 

 K.H. 1892:324. R.B. 19:273. G.C. II. 21:149. Mn.5:5. 

 S.H. 2, p. 89.— Known in the nursery trade as "Blue 

 Spiriea." There is also a new variety with white fls. 



0. Mongblica, Bunge. Lvs. lanceoLate, almost entire : cymes 

 with fewer but larger fls. E. H. 1873; 450. 



Alfred Rehder. 



CAKYOTA (old Greek name). Palmdcea?, tribe A reeece. 

 Fish-tail Palm. Spineless, monocarpio palms, with 

 tall, stout, ringed halms, at length bearing suckers. Lvs. 

 disposed in an elongated terminal fringe, ample, twice 

 pinnately divided ; segments dimidiate-flabelliform, or 

 cuneate, entire, or split, irregularly dentate, plicate, 

 folded back in the bud : midnerves and primary nerves 

 flabellate : petiole terete below: sheath keeled on the 

 back, fibrous along the margins : ligule short ; spadices 

 usually alternately male and female : peduncle short, 

 thick : branches long, pendent : spathes 3-5, not 

 tubular ; bractlets broad : fls. rather large, green or 

 purple : fr. the size of a cherry, globular, purple. Spe- 

 cies, 12. Malaya, New Guinea, Australia. 



Remarkable for the delta-shaped or fish-tail-shaped 

 leaflets, which make the graceful, spreading fronds very 

 attractive. They are excellent warmhouse palms, very 

 useful for decoration, particularly when young. They 

 are frequently planted out in protected places for the 

 summer. Prop, by seeds and suckers. For culture, see 

 Pulms. 



There being so many different genera to choose from 

 in selecting plants for moderate-sized conservatories, 

 the members of this genus are not very popular for 

 providing small specimens. In a high, roomy structure, 

 however, they are among the most ornamental of the 

 tribe. They are quick-growing, with large, broad leaves, 

 finely cut up, the small divisions resembling the tail of 

 a fish ; hence the name "Fish-tail Palm." After reach- 

 ing maturity the plant begins flowering at the top, and 

 continues downwards until the vitality of the stem is 

 exhausted. Suckers are freely produced by 

 some species, but these, as a rule, do not 

 become so robust as the parent stem, owing 

 probably to the soil becoming exhausted. 

 Seeds are offered by most dealers. The 

 young plants should be grown in a warm, 

 moist atmosphere, the soil consisting of 

 loam with about one-third of its bulk leaf- 

 mold and sand in equal parts. They some- 

 times lose their roots if kept too cool and 

 wet in winter. 



mltis. Lour. (C. sobolifera, Wall.). Caudex 15-25 ft. 

 high, 4-5 in. in diam., soboliferous : petioles, leaf- 

 sheaths and spathes scurfy-villous ; lvs. 4-9 ft.; pi; 

 very obliquely cuneiform, irregularly dentate, upper 

 margins acute ; pinnules 4-7 in. long. Burma to Malaya. 



ilrena, Linn. Wine Palm. Toddy Palm. Caudex 

 stout, 30-40 ft. high, 1 ft. thick, not soboliferous : lvs. 

 18-20 by 10-12 ft.; pinnffl 5-6 ft., curved and drooping, 

 very obliquely truncate, acutely serrate, the upper mar- 

 gin produced and caudate ; pinnules 4-8 in. : petiole 

 very stout. India, Malaya. A.F. 12:295. Gng. 5:131. 



Kumphiina, Mart. Lvs. 2-pinnate, several feet long, 

 the pinnules thick, sessile, 6 in. long or nearly so, ob- 

 long. Malaj-a.- Var. Albertii, Hort. (C.AlbertH,i^ue\\.), 



CASIMIROA 



255 



is in the trade. It is large and free-growing, the lvs. 

 being 16-18 ft. long and two-thirds as broad ; If.-seg- 

 ments fan-shaped and oblique, toothed. 



O. BlanM.KoH.. from the Philippines, is iu the Amer. trade. 

 It is probably a form of C. ureiis. 



Jared G. Smith and G. W. Oliver. 



CASHEW is A,iu 



tie. 



CASIMIBOA (named in honor of Cardinal Casimiro 

 Gomez). Suidcew. Evergreen trees: lvs. alternate, 

 long-petioled, digitate, 3-7-foliolate ; Ifts. petiolulate, 

 lanceolate, entire or slightly serrate, smooth or pubes- 

 cent beneath : fls. regular, polygamo-dioecious ; calyx 

 5-parted, small ; petals 5, ob'ong, valvate, apex in- 

 curved ; disc inconspicuous, circular ; stamens 5, free; 

 filaments subulate ; anthers cordate : ovary sessile, on 

 disc, globose, 5- or occasionally 6-8-lobed, 5-celled : 

 stigma sessile, 5-lobed : ovules solitary in the cells, ax- 

 illary : fr. a drupe, large, depressed-globose ; pulp 

 agreeable to taste, edible : seeds oblong, compressed, 

 exalbuminose. Mexico. Two species, of which the fol- 

 lowing only is in cultivation : 



fidulis, LaLlave. White Sapota. Cochil Sapota. 

 I.iarge tree : trunk ashen gray, with warty excrescences : 

 lvs. dark green, glossy: fls. greenish yellow, small: fr. 

 greenish yellow when ripe, with strong, thick epicarp, 

 Kin. thick, about the size of an orange : seeds nearly 

 1 in. long and half as wide. Mex. Cultivated to a lim- 

 ited extent in Calif. -The fruit of this species is said 

 to have a delicious flavor, similar to that of a peach. 

 They are used in Mexico as an aid in inducing sleep, 

 and the leaves are used as a remedy for diarrhoea. Trees 

 grown at Santa Barbara, Calif., are said to have reached 

 over 80 years and to have borne fruit regu- 



larly, though entirely neglected. The tree would prob- 

 ably succeed well in southern Texas, Louisiana and 

 Florida. It grows on the coast of Mexico to an altitude 

 of about 7,000 feet. It does not root well from cuttings, 

 but may be raised from seeds. jj_ j. Webber. 



