308 CHRYSANTHEMUM 



5. Standards differ from bush plants in having ono 

 stout, self-supporting stem, instead of many stems. 

 They require the same culture as bush plants, with the 

 exception that they are not stopped, but allowed to 

 make one continuous growth until 3, 4 or 5 ft. high, and 

 are then treated the same as bush plants. They will 

 require the same attention as to stopping and tying to 

 secure symmetrical heads. 



6. Pyramids are only another form of bush plants, 

 and it is optional with the grower which form he prefers. 



Subsection III. -Culture of Chrysanthemums for the 



production of new varieties. 

 The object of seed-saving is the improvement of exist- 

 ing varieties. It is not conclusive, however, that all seed- 

 lings will be improvements ; in fact, it is far from this, 

 as the greater portion are inferior to their antecedents. 

 Onlythuso who give tht- most c-art-ful consideration to 

 CrOSS-f.T.iI;.:.li..li:H. r,rl:M,i..f rnnrk. -1.i-<-r-,^., Hand- 

 hybri.l,,..: ,,.! ■.. . ■..!. --■- , i .;..:./ardly 



fertili/-i ^. ■• .'Ml .-' ■ ' ''li'- de- 

 greed' ''<-■ '■' 1 ■■■''■ '•.-.■ ;-iri-ntS. 



What tlii; 1. ■.>..' : . . - ulized 



with a yellow -n. ■ ; ■'' tue 



outset. It may I" . i - ■ ' : i. . i . ..i:iti', or 



partake of soil 1 1 .i :. ■ > ' i ! i J™™ 



either. Irapr.iv n. ■■ -. '.i.hm. <! "lUy by 



the union of 01. 1-1 , I" 11 111^- II' 

 in uniting two ti. iimki ili, ih 

 vice-versa, may i 111 111- 1 iv iIm' m 

 or bronze, as iiatiin may h. r i' 

 certain of improving along otl 

 ness or dwarfness of growth, cailnM - m- luiim-ss ol 

 bloom, or doubleness of flowers. 'I'Ih -i liiii.m nf those 

 most perfect in these particulars i- m ly mii. t,.i give 

 similar or improved results. Always kctp a n-curd of 

 this work showing the parents of a seedling. The satis- 

 faction of knowing how a meritorious variety was pro- 

 duced more than pays for the trouble, and may lead to 

 further improvements in certain liiii'S. Tin- nperation 

 begins when the flower is half oi" n. ■ 'iinn^ Hh petals 

 off close to their base with a pail I , until the 



style is exposed. Shouldthe flown i; i •' i liaring 



disk or staminate florets, remove- tin i \\ un im |.,.iiits of 

 the scissors and thus avoid seU-tVrtilizatjuM. W hen the 

 styles are fully grown and developed, the upper sur- 

 face or stigma is in condition to receive the pollen. By 

 pushing aside (with the thumb) the ray florets of the 

 flower desired for pollen, thp disk florfts which produce 

 the pollen will become vi-il.:.-. TIh- i".lleu may be col- 

 lected on a camel's-hnir i" mil •■<■ imtliiiick and applied 

 to the stigma of the llnw. r |,nM..u-ly prepared. If a 

 toothiiii'k lie used iic\' r n-i ii i-r iim'Ti- than one kind 

 of p„ll,.„. \'.: '■.Ih'-. in:.' iK. '.II- ; 'i 'ii- pencil to Stand 



inan^n.. ' i i ■ i ■. moments after 



„gi„,, ,1 |, ,, :. 1,11 .1, I , iiiHin another va- 



riet.v"\viil 1 liiiri'i' il" I. .ni ii. Inrmer operation 



affecting the pri-sf-nt. < . in .June and July 



and grown to single 1.1 ;...ts are the most 



convenient for seeding'. 

 much feed, are more nai 

 pollen, as well as being 

 blooms produced for the exhibition table. The pollenizing 

 should be done on bright, sunny days, and as early m the 

 day as possible. As soon as the seed plants are trimmed, 

 they should be placed by themselves to avoid fertiliza- 

 tion by insects, and should the " — " 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



ties that have stood the test for several years; such as 

 Ivory, 1889 ; W. H. Lincoln and Minnie Wanamaker, 

 '90; Mrs. J. G. Whilldin, '91; Mrs. Jerome Jones, Col. 

 W. B. Smith, Mrs. A. J. Drexel, Margaret Jeffords, Jos. 

 H.White, Geo. W. Childs, Merry Monarch, '92 ; Niveus, 

 Maud Dean, The Queen, Golden Wedding, H. L. Sunder- 

 bruch. Good Gracious, Pres. W. R. Smith, '9;). There 

 are many other varieties that have stood the test for i 

 or .T years. 



Tt i- 11. .t f)i.. j.nri...^.- ..f tin's nrf i.-le to recommend varie- 



tir- ..! I iir^ ^i.i.ii II,. i.iit III., fcllowing list includes 



ti,,. I,, I .,. :i: ii.. I, ..III. Til.- list will be valuable 



abundance of 



are ripe. Keep the plants rather on the dry side, and 

 give abundance of air. Seeds, which ripen in 5 to 6 

 weeks, should be saved without delay, and carefully la- 



I remain until the seeds 



Is. thiv should be covered very 

 lire of 60°. When the seed- 

 1.1 le easily, remove to small 

 art in shallow boxes. Chry- 

 season from seed. 



belled. In sow 

 lightly and kept 

 lings are large 

 pots, ortranspl; 

 santhemums flt 



Subsection I V.- Varieties. 

 Of the long list of new varieties sent out each year, 

 but few are retained after the second year's trial. This 

 is probably due to the fact that most American growers 

 are more interested in the commercial value of the flower 

 than the curious forms or striking colors they present. 

 Exhibitions have not reached the hearts of the people 

 here as in England and France. There are a few varie- 



'.'/;■• 



(1) Jnr.n 



Mrs. T.I). 

 Mrs.L.r. 



(2) Japan 

 Wed 



Ma 



Friend, Black Hawk, Niveus, Viviand Morel, Yanoma. 

 (3) Japanese Incurred: Nyanza, Mrs. W. C. Egan, Eu- 

 gene Daillodf.uzp. Goorgiana Pitcher, Good Gracious, 

 Jennie Fall m r -M.- Urn. West, Philadelphia, The 



Queen, :Mr i ■ ■ ' -. Western King, {i) Bairy : 



Goldenllaii I. i i ;. i m,,-. Mrs. A. Hardy, R. M. Grey, 

 White Swan, ' • I : lines. (5) Beflexed : Culling- 



fordii, D.ji ilii I . i. i , . .1.1 .Standard, Miss Elma O'Far- 

 rell, Tuxedo,' Parthenia. (6) Large Anemone: Ada 

 Strickland, Descartes, Falcon, Junon, Marcia Jones, 

 Thorpe, Jr. ^7) Japanese Anemone: Condor, Enterprise, 

 Mrs. F. Gordon Dexter, San Joaquin, Surprise, Satisfac- 

 tion. iS) Pompon: Black Douglass, Golden Mile. Mar- 

 the. Mile. Marthe, Mrs. Bateman, Snowdrop, Wra. Ken- 

 nedy. (9) Pompon Anemone: Antonius, Emily Rowbot- 

 tom, Marie Stuart, Mme. Chalonge, Mme. Sentir, Queen 

 of Anemones. (10) Early Hardy Pompons: Bronze 

 Bride, Flora, Frederick Marronet, Mme. Jolivart, Mr. 

 Selley, Miss Davis, Mrs. CuUingford, Mile. Elise Dor- 

 dan, Illustration, St. Mary. (11) Single : Mizpah, Fram- 

 field Beauty. 



Selection of varieties based upon color. -^\ hile — 

 Ivory, Mrs. M. A. Ryerson, Mrs. H. Weeks, Mrs. Henry 

 Robinson, Mutual Friend, Niveus. Pink — 'M.erwhi. Mme. 

 F. Perrin. Helen Bloodgood, Harry Balsley. T..ra, Aiitunm 

 GL.rv l,ii.,r,n,lh.I'ni-pl,.h r , 1/ ,. . ., ....'■ Il,e 



i\ll" 



Hick 



/,■. d 



old. 



■,Golden Wedding, 



Edwin ,\, I-. ■ I '.■■"•, . 



Telloic-M'' I... i I. ■■ '.' 1'. 



Thomdi-ii. .M.i.i..i I- i.i' n. I.. I liy. 



Selecliuh ../ ..(/..,'.... ;-./,....' .i/.'.ii special uses. — Bush 

 Plants : White - Mutual Friend, Jos. H. White ; Yel- 

 low-W. H. Lincoln, C. Chalfant ; Pink- Viviand Morel, 

 lora ; Bronze-Col. W. B. Smith, Hicks Arnold ; Crim- 

 son - Geo. W. Childs, J. Shrimpton. Single Stem Pot 

 Plants: White - Mrs. H. Robinson, Merza ; Yellow- 

 Maior Bonnaffon, H. L. Sunderbruch ; Pink -Mme. F. 

 Perrin, Merula ; Bronze — Boule d'Or, Rinaldo ; Crim- 

 son - Geo. W. Childs, John Shrimpton. Exhibition 

 Blooms: White-Frank Hardy, Fee do Cliampsaiir, Mme. 

 Carnot, Western King; Pink-Vivian. 1 M..ri 1. I.ira, Cuid 

 Gracious; Yellow-Modesto, Golden W...1. Inn.', I-iiyi-ne 

 Dailledouze, 0. J.Wnrrcn; Brnnze-1 has. Davis, Kus- 

 tique,Nvan:atrrii.i-.n-Geo.W.Chil.ls.Slnl..wa. Black 



Hawk;'Mi ■■ " . Lit... v.-U.iwish bronze ; Lady 



Hanha'ni. ; i i . Mi-, ino. West, rosy purple. 



Comniiifi /. ' I . Ill lip.. 11 qualitv, and easeof cul- 

 ture : Whii. iM.m , Ml-. Il.iirv Kobinson, Mrs. Jerome 

 Jones; Pink-Mrs.S. T. Murdoek, Mme. F. Perrin, Glory 

 of Pacific; Yellow-MarionHenderson,Major Bonnaffon, 

 Yellow Mrs. Jerome Jones ; Crimson - Geo. W. Childs, 

 Shilowa, Black Hawk. Odd Varieties : Lillian B. Bird, 

 Mrs.W. H. Rand, Heron's Plume, Pitcher &Manda. Best 

 Early: White-Mme. F. Bergmann, Ivory, Midge. Geo. S. 

 Kalb; Pink -Glory of Pacific, Pink Ivory, Merula. Lady 

 Playfair; Yellow-Harry Hurrell, H. L. Sunderbruch, 

 Marion Henderson, Golden Trophy. Best Late : White- 

 Mrs. Jerome Jones, Yanoma, Wm. H. Chadwick, Merry 

 Christmas; Pink-Francis B.Hayes, Harry Balsley,Mrs. 

 S. T. Murdoek, Maud Dean. Yellow-W. H. Lincoln, H. 

 W. Rieman, Liberty, Yellow Mrs. Jerome Jones. 



