394 CKASSULA 



but pultivntion probably changes the number of partR 

 not infrequently. CraHsulas are herbs or shrubs, rurelv 

 annuals, usually thick and fleshy: lv>. . |.|... m , r;,i. )\ 

 stalked, often crown together at tbi- In ,',,.., : ^ 



W. M. 



I I ienhouse plants requiring a dry atmos- 



|.liiii resting period. While making growth, 



lie;, iiir. I" i r:. led like other greenhouse plants in the 

 way of watiring, placing them in the lightest and airiest 

 part of the house. The pots must be drained so that any 

 surplus moisture will easily pass through. The soil 

 should consist of sand, loam, broken brick, and a rery 

 small quantity of leaf-soil or thoroughly rotted cow- 

 nianuro. Propagation is usually from cuttings. Some 

 of the species, such as C. (alcata, do not give much 

 material for this purpose, and they should, there- 

 fore, be headed over and the tops put in dry sand 

 in the spring, allowing water only when they show 

 signs of shrivelling. The cut -over plants should 

 be encouraged to make side shoots, which may bo 

 rooted after they are largo enough. 



Cult, by G. W. Olivkk. 

 A. Floral parts normnllij in 5's. 

 B. Lvs. petioled. 

 cordMa, Solaiid. Height 1-3 ft.: stem shrubby: lvs. 

 Hat. wide, striked, cordate, obtuse, entire, glabrous, 

 spiitieil :iliove : c-vmes panicle-like: fls. reddish, some- 

 times pure white. Winter. -Closely allied to O. spatlnt- 

 U(t,i. 



epathulita, Thunb. Glabrous herb : stem somewhat 



shrubby, decumbent, branching: lvs. stalked, roundish, 



crenato, glabrous, shining above: corymbs panicle-like: 



fls. rosy; petals acute. L. B. 



C. 4:. 159 as C. cordaia.- 



Not advertised for sale, but 



1 C. 



BB. Lvs. not petioled. 

 c. Foliage glaucous. 



falcita, Wendl. Height 

 :!-H ft.: lvs. crown together 

 at tlie base, tliiek, glaucous, 

 oblong, falcHte: fls. small, 

 numerous (.")(! or more), in 

 a crimson, rarely white, 

 dense, terminal corjinb : 

 corolla tube ^ of an in. long, 

 as long as the limb or 

 shorter. B.M. 2035. 

 CO. Foliage not glaucous. 



Idctea, Soland. Height 1-2 

 ft. : stem shrubby, branch- 

 ing, tortuous below : lvs. 

 ovate, narrowed and grown 

 together at the base, gla- 

 brous, spotted along the 

 margin: cymes panicle-like, 

 many-fld. : fls. white, small. 

 Winter. B.M. 1771. L.B.C. 

 8: 735.— A free - flowering 

 window plant of easy cul- 

 ture. There is a form with 

 variegated leaves. 



AA. Floral parts in 4's. 



quadrifida, Baker. Fig. 

 574. Perennial: lvs. oblong- 

 spatulate, the upper ones 

 rounder, decussate; fls. with 

 their parts in 4's, panicled, 

 white, tinged red. w. M. 



CRAT2IGUS (ancient Greek name, derived from kratos, 

 strength, on account of the hardiness of the wood ) . Kosei- 

 cem, suborder Pbmew. Haw. Hawthorn. Shrubs or 

 small trees, usually spiny: lvs. alternate, deciduous, 

 stipulate, serrate, often lobed or piunati&d: fls. white, in 



CRAT^GUS 



some varieties red, in corymbs, rarely solitary; petal- 

 ami calyx-lobes 5; stamens many, rarely less than 10; 

 1,1. 1 . I r. a drupe-like pome, with 1-5 1-seeded bony 

 I lit 70 species, in the temperate regions of 



i1m I 1 ;i II liemisphere, most abundant in N. America. 

 Il..iii>. . riiiiiiieiitiil shrubs and trees, mostly of dense and, 

 low growtli. «iili I..ii.i!-..ii:. r. ;i:i;'. , iiiining, in most 

 species, to a l i lull; many have 



very decorat i M 1 1 , u, : ,. ' n . lU. Some of tlje 



C. J.< 



illei, 



For the S. states, C. " 

 hrachyacantha are aiii..i ;i 

 adapted for hedges im ' 

 C. Crus-galliy C. cordni^i m.-i 

 thorns grow in almost any s.nl 

 rich, loamy, somewhat moist on 

 Prop, by seeds, sown in fall or s 

 ing, most of the pulp may bo n 

 in shallow piles and allo^vinc t 

 are mixed with sand m- ^iH.i 

 ground or kept in boxe^ in .i -■, 

 as C.cordatH, C. cocrii,:.i. r, i 

 first year and are sown in - 1 n 1 1 1 

 O. Oxyacantha and its hMh^, i 

 until the second year, iuel mi 

 the following fall or the s. i .n.i 

 the seed-beds must bo heii\ ily 

 summer to prevent drying. 'J'ii 

 be allowed to remain over one 

 they form long tap-roots and .■ 

 plant. Varieties and raror l<i 



grafted en •■.■eflliT.- 'feel: ,.f 



1m st in a 



:: m.ii^'clay. 



I - iratify- 



. . .1 _. ilie frs. 



I. in. Iheuthey 



111 buried in the 



/i, germinate the 

 'ihers, especially 

 ly not germinate 

 t stratified until 

 If sown at once, 

 1 during the first 



Fh. 1- 



'■1>J> 



1. unilldra, Moench (Cparviftilia, XH.).-. Dense, low 

 shrul), with numerous slender spines, rarely spineless, 

 3-8 ft.: lvs. on short not glandular petioles, cuneate, 

 obovate or oblong-obovate, irregularly or doubly crenate- 

 serrate, pubescent on both sides, at length glabrous 

 above, K-IK in. long: calyx pubescent, with large ser- 

 rate lobes; fr. pyriform or globose, yellow, J^in. across, 

 with 2-5 stones. May, June. N. Jersey to Arkansas and 

 Florida. S.S. 4:191. 



2. fliva, Ait. Shrub or small tree, to 25 ft., usually 

 very spiny: lvs. on short glandular petioles, cuneate, 

 obovate, glandular-dentate, pubescent, at length glabrous 



Bn. Fh. ill G-iiiiiinj-fld. corymbs. 

 C. Lvs. on .ih ikI. r. nihil [ilinidular petioles, usually 



broadh) or.ii, ,iii,l hiinnile at the base, slightly 



lobed:' r, I III. I- h'Ifi's il, iitate. 

 3. coccinea, Linn. Scarlet Thokn. Shrub or tree, 

 rarely to 25 ft., with short spines: lvs. broadly ovate, 

 sharply doubly serrate, nearly glabrous beneath, spar- 

 ingly appressed-pubescent above, 2-3 in. long: corymbs 

 usually slightly villous: fr. red, globose or oval, X-K in. 

 across. April, May. Newfoundland to Florida and 

 Texas,west to Manitoba. S.S. 4:180. Em. 493. B.M. 3432. 

 —There are a number of allied forms which have been 

 considered usually as mere varieties, but may be per- 

 haps distinct species. None of them, however, surpasses 

 the true C. coccinea in decorative value, and they are 

 only of botanical interest. 



