404 CROTALARIA 



species is C. retiisn. n l>r'r.!r, v.-!1..'t- fl.!. -nnnnl. which 

 has been compared t" m iviii ^",,i ; , ■! ii- I. pjst re- 

 sults, the seed slumlili I alter be- 

 ing soaked in warm V, : I i I Illy mis- 

 spelled Crotolaria. (irr. hlMiii ., i,:i,,|, ar. -ui.jc i-t tored 

 spider. C.juncea, yields the Sunn hemp of India. 

 A. Lvs. simple. 

 TetilBB., Linn. Anmial. IM ft. hit,'h: branches few, 

 short: lvs. entire, very vnri.ni- in -1, ,1,,. Imt typically 

 obovate with a short inn . , 1 ■',,' n, , , -i •■ ii], short 

 appressed hairs : -fls. : 1 ,1. , yi-lknv, 

 streaked or blotched ^^i:l: j.,;r[..i , au.n.n.. rnmidish, 

 notched. Cosmop. .Jum Au^. hiiiuihn i d Islllj, as a 

 novelty and called "dwarf j^oldeu yt-Uow-tlowering pea," 

 "golden yellow sweet pea," etc. The flowers are mu2h 

 less fragrant than the true sweet pea. 



CRYPTOGAMS 



riuse plant, her- 

 branched, .3 ft. 

 petioles 114 in. 

 mucro, glabrous 

 appressed, gilky 

 K-r lobes ovate, 



AA. Z--S. f,.lh 



longirostrata, Hook. iV Am. 

 baceous or somewhat ^lirulili\, 

 high: branches long, slrn.hr. -I 

 long; leaflets 3, oblong; . ^Mtll ,1 1 

 above, hoary beneath, \miIi vi 1 \ 

 hairs: racemes erect: calyx hhI 



the 3 lower ones lance. '.laic : 1I-. a^ inaiiv as 2.5 in a ra- 

 ceme, yellow with re.l.li-!. Mi i|,i amn- tht- back of the 

 imopcncil tluwcr; stainiai-ii wnli a- iliaii lunir, retlesed, 

 notch.-. I. \V. .-il.x.. liuat. I'.M, 7::.ii;. IM(, l:>(i|l. 



Capensis. .Ia.a|, Sn,iii. mu.'li In-anah. il -Ill-Ill., i-5 ft. 

 high; l.rali.-li.-- I. lat.a a|.].|-.---..l [y vilky; stipules when 

 present |..-ti..iiihii.a ..I...Mit.' an. I l.al'-iike, obsolete or 

 wanting' ..11 many ]..-ti..l.-- ; l.-all.t- I. r..adly obovate, ob- 

 tuse i.r nni.'i iat.-, u'lal.r.m- ..r minutely pubescent on 



one or l.i.th siiles: ra.aiii.s t.rmii],al or opposite the 

 lvs., loose, many-fid.: calyx and pod pubescent; wings 

 transversely wrinkled and pitted. S. Afr. — Cult, in Fla. 

 by Reasoner Bros. tj^_ 5I_ 



CEOTON (Greek name of another plant). Euphorbi- 

 Acew. Some 500 species of trees, shrubs, or herbs, 

 widely distributed. They are sometimes dicecious, but 

 commonly the fls. are monoecious and mostly in terminal 

 spikes or racemes. Calyx of sterile fls. 4-6 (usually 5} 

 parted, the stamens 5 or more; petals usually present, 

 but small. Calyx of fertile fls. 5-10 parted, petals none 

 or mere rudiments, the ovary 3-loculed. Lvs. usually 

 alternate. A few species are native to the U. S. : they 

 are mostly annual herbs ..f n.. h..iti.'ultural value. The 

 Crotons of florists are <'.. ./..!»;/..■.. wlii.h see. 



C. Tigrlium, Linn., is th. ly -].. .i. s known to be in 



theAmer. trade. The se.als yj.1.1 tli.- Croton oil of com- 

 merce, one of the most powerful of ptirgatives. It is a 

 small tree of Southeastern Asia. Lvs. ovate-acumi. 

 nate, serrate, stalked, varying in hue from metallic green 

 to bronze and orange. Offered in South tJal. as an oma- 

 ment.al and curious plant. L, g. b. 



CROWFOOT. See Jiaiiu 



ilus. 



CROWN, or CORONA. Any outgrowth from the throat 

 of the perianth, as the trumpet of a Narcissus, or the 

 fringe of a Passion Flower. Crown is also applied to 

 the top of a bulb, corm, or upright rootstock: also that 

 part of a plant at the surface of the ground. 



CROWN BEARD. Verbesiiia. 



CROWN IMPERIAL. FritiUaria Imperialis. 



CROWN OF THORNS. Euplwrhia splendens. 



CRUCIANfiLLA (Latin, a little cross ; from the ar- 

 rangement of the lvs.). Hubiicecp. Cross-wort. This 

 genus contains a hardy rock plant of minor importance. 

 Not more than 21 speci.-. .1' In iI- ..flin woody at the 

 base; branches usually I ' I .airnered: upper 



lvs. opposite, without . r lvs. or all in 



whorls of 3 or more, lin. ar . laie, rarely ovate or 



obovate: fls. small; while, i\j~\ lu Ijlue. Natives of the 



Mediterranean region and western Asia. The genus is 

 closely related to Asperula, and is distinguished by the 

 flowers having bracts, not an involucre, and the style 

 branches distinctly unequal instead of nearly equal. 

 The species below has lately been referred to Asperula. 

 It is of easy culture, preferring light, moderate loam and 

 partial shade. A delicate plant for the front of borders, 

 and capital for the rockery. Prop, chiefly by division, 

 and also by seeds. 



styldsa, Trin. (Asperula cilidta, Rochel). Pros- 

 trate, 6-9 in, high: lvs. in whorls of 8 or 9, lanceolate, 

 hispid : fls. small, crimson-pink, in round terminal heads 

 half an inch in diam.; floral parts in 5's; style club- 

 shaped, long exserted, very shortly twice cut at the top. 

 June-Aug. Persia. J. B. Keller and W. JI. 



CRYPTANTHUS (Greek, for hidden flower: the 

 flowers concealed beneath the bracts). BromelidceoE . 

 Brazilian epiphytal Bromeliads, differing from .Slchmea 

 and Billbergia (which see for culture) in the tubular 

 calyx and the dense heads of fls. neai-ly sessile amongst 

 the lvs. Mongr. by Mez (who recognizes 6 species) in 

 DC Monogr. Phaner. 9 (1896). 



A. Lvs. not narrowed or petiolate above the sheath. 



acadlis, Beer (TilUndsia acaiilis, Lindl. C. undulA- 

 tus, Otto & Dietr.). A few inches high, suckering 

 freely: lvs. sea-green, long-pointed and spreading, weak- 

 spiny: fls. white, nestling deep in the foliage. B.R. 

 14:1157.— A very variable plant, of which Mez recog- 

 nises the following leading types : 



Var. genuina, Mez. Stemless or very nearly so : lvs. 

 sub-elliptic-lanceolate, strongly undulate, gray-scurfy 

 beneath, scurfy above. 



Var. discolor, Mez (C.discoJor, Otto & Dietr.). Stem- 

 less or nearly so: lvs. elongated, scarcely undulate, sil- 

 very-scurfy below, glabrous or nearly so above. 



Var. rvlher, Mez { C.riiber, Beer). Produces a branch- 

 ing stem or trunk: lvs. short, strongly undulate, reddish. 



Var. bTomelioldes, Mez (C. bromelioldes. Otto & 

 Dietr.). Stem tall: lvs. much elongated, scarcely undu- 

 late, remotely spinulose. 



Var. diversifdlius, Mez (C.diversifdlitts,Beer). Stem- 

 bearing: lvs. elongate-Ungulate, deep green above, sil- 

 very-scurfy beneath. 



zonAtus, Beer. Lvs. oblong-lanceolate, the margin 

 undulate and densely serrate-spinulose, marked with 

 transverse bands of white: fls. white. 



bivittitus, Kegel [Billbirgia UvittMa, Hook. B. 

 vittclta,lioTt.). Nearly or quite .stemless: lvs. long-ob- 

 long, curving, long-pointed, somewhat undulate, spiny, 

 dull brown beneath, green above and with two narrow 

 buff or reddish bars extending the length of the leaf: 

 fls. white. B.M. 5270. 



AA. Lvs. narrowed or petiolate above the sheath. 



Beickeri, Morr. Lvs. 10-20, oblong, pointed, canalicu- 

 late at base, very finely spiny, brownish green or rosy 

 and spotted or striped with light green: fls. white. 



CRYPTOGAMS are flowerless plants, and they produce 

 not seeds but spores. The whole vegetable kingdom has 

 been split into two vast classes, the flowering plants or 

 phanerogams and the flowerless ones or cryptogams. 

 Cryptogam means "concealed nuptials," and phanerogam 

 means "visible nuptials." These names were given when 

 it was thought that the sexual parts of the flowerless 

 plants were very minute or even wanting. The word is 

 now falling into disfavor with botanists. Cryptogams 

 are of less horticultural interest than the flowering 

 plants, although they include the Ferns, and some inter- 

 esting smaller groups, asSelaginellas, Lycopods or Club 

 Mosses. Two other vast groups are the Seaweeds or 

 Algfe, and the Fungi, For the edible Fungi, see Mush- 

 rooms. For parasitic Fungi, see Diseases and Fungus. 

 For a general sketch of the Ferns and their allies, see 

 Ferns. 



