AAA. Rachides spiny; 

 tvs. green beneath. 



meduU&riB, Swz. Lvs. 

 bi-tripinnate, densely scaly 

 when young, with soft, de- 

 ciduous hair-like scales ; 

 segments coarsely serrate 

 or pinnatifid, on spore- 

 bearing lvs. N. Zealand. 

 L. M. Underwood. 



CtCAS (classical Greek 

 name). C'ycad&cea. 



Twenty or fewer species of widely distributed tropi- 

 cal or warm-temperate palm-like plants. Plants dice- 

 ceous. The fls. appear in a mass in the bosom of 

 the great crown of lvs. Staminate Us. are anthers 

 borne beneath a scale ; the pistillate fls. are naked 

 ovules borne in the angles of rusty-fuzzy, pinnatifid 

 lvs. They have striking analogies with the gym- 

 nosperms and ferns. Cycads are popular conserva- 

 tory plants, for they are of easy culture, and the 

 crowns of lvs. withstand much neglect, or even 

 abuse. Cycas stems and leaves are imported in 

 vast quantities directly from Japan. Staminate 

 plants are rare in cultivation. For a horticultural 

 synopsis of the genus, see I. H. 11, undt-r tab. 405. 

 A running sketch, by W. Watson. U in 1 1. 1 . 4 : I Hi. 



Cycads in the various spiM-ii^ ,ir. rm the mnst 



popular decorative plants for 1...1I1 Iimi,,, iin.l :,Mnliii. 

 Their culture is eoraparativilv .-nri|.lc . :is tiny suc- 

 ceed in varying temperature and any well drained 

 soil. O. refill Ufa is probably the juost hardy spe- 

 cies, withstanding the trying climate of the upper 

 coast of the Gulf of Mexico, where it occasionally 

 loses its entire crown of leaves during severe 

 freezes, but is seldom killed outright. It usually 

 stands well at Savannah. Plants are propagated by 

 seeds, which keep well for a month or more after 

 ripening. They should be sown in shallow boxes or 

 the greenhouse bench, lightly covered with sand, 

 and, after germination, potted off in small pots of 

 moderately rich, light soil. The growing plants do 

 their best in partial shade, where they should have 

 proper attention in watering and weeding. The old 

 plants frequently send up suckers around the base of 

 the trunk, which may be cut ofl" and rooted, if taken 

 in a dormant state. The leaves, if any have formed, 

 should be cut off at the time of its removal, as other- 

 wise they would dry up the sucker before it was es- 

 tablished. The large stems, or trunks, are safely 

 shipped from their native home to most distant 

 countries, after cutting off leaves and roots and pack- 

 ing in cases in a dry condition. Upon arrival at their 

 destination, the stems are planted in as small pots 

 as possible and kept close and moist until new 

 leaves form, when a cooler and drier air will answer 

 for them. Their use as decorative specimens for the 

 home is increasing, although many failures result 

 from lack of moisture and sunshine. The soil which 

 suits them best is a sandy or gravelly loam, and 

 should never be allowed to get quite dry, but be kept 

 in a moderately moi.st condition at all seasons. When 

 dormant, they may be placed in the most shaded 

 positions occasionally, but ought to hai 

 daily, when possible, for at least an ho 

 their periodical growth, they should have 

 of sunshine to insure a 



dravm to an unnatural 

 length, with few pinnae, 

 ruining their symmetrical 

 form. 



Cult, by E. N. Reasoner. 



revoltita, Thunb. Sago 

 Palm. Figs. 633, 634. Be- 

 coming 6-10 ft. high, and 

 then branching : lvs. long 

 and recurved at the end 

 (2-7 ft.), the many pinnie 

 curved downward, narrow. 



■■"«^^^ 



CYCLAMEN 



sharp-pointed and stiff, 

 dark, shining green, 

 .lapan. B. M. 2963-4. 

 .I.H. III. 2!)::i79. K.B. 

 21: 16.!. K, H. 189G, p. 

 369. A.G. 13:141 ; 18:1; 

 19:436. Mn. 2:88; 

 6:134. — The common- 

 species in cult, 

 handsome 

 or crown of out- 

 vs., which remains in per- 

 nths and years. The fruit 

 not often 

 seen in cultivated plants. Much used at 

 funerals.' 



circinaUs, Unn.lC.Thoudrsii.'R. Br.). 

 Taller, rarely branching : lvs. twice 

 those of t\ ,-'■•"!"*"_ L'rM'M.f'iilh- arching, 



'or.torl* — I I , I, ,1, ,1 •, I ; r,.,.ti above 



noatli. M. , 1: 1 '■. 7, F. S. 



ome other spL-cies. 



Kiimphii, Miq. Usually low, but said to be tall in 

 the wild : crown large and full : the lvs. 3-6 ft. 

 long and 12-18 in. wide ; pinnje pale, thin, lanceo- 

 late. 12-14 in. long and % in. wide ; petiole spiny. 

 E. Ind. 



Belle{6nti, Lind. & Rod. Stem short, cylindrical 

 and erect : lvs. long and graceful, recurved, the 

 linear-lanceolate slightly falcate, sessile pinnffi en- 

 tire and plane on the border, somewhat glaucous ; 

 petioles spinulose at the base. China. I.H. 33 : 586. 



mftdia, R. Br. Tall ( 10-15 ft. ) , the trunk cylindrical, 

 bearing a large crown : lvs. curved downwards, 

 4 ft. or more long, elliptic or lanceolate ; pinnte 

 numerous, linear and pointed ; petiole convex below, 

 flat or nearly so on top. Australia. I.H. 26 : 368. 



Names which have aiilX'.'irr.I in lli-- Ani.i- t):i.lr ;iT-. : 







I, spread- 

 A Philip- 

 ike C. cir- 

 aink much 



CtCLAMEN (classical 

 name, probably from the 

 Greek word for circle, in 

 allusion to the spirally 

 twisted peduncles). 

 Primiili}ceii\ A dozen or 

 more species, mostly of 

 tlie McMlitcrranean re- 



Herbaceous and low, 

 from a fiattish tuber or 

 corm : fl. single, on a scape, 

 with usually 5-parted calyx and 

 corolla (the parts strongly re- 

 flexed), 5 connivent stamens, 

 with pointed, sessile anthers, 

 1 style and stigma, and a5-split- 

 ting capsule. C. latifoHum is 

 the source of the standard flo- 

 rists' Cyclamens. Most of the 

 other species are grown only 

 as curiosities in this country; 

 and they are essentially out- 

 door plants. Old English name 

 Sowbread, from the tubers be- 

 ing sought by swine. Con- 



