440 CRYTOPERA 



CYETOPfiEA. Consult Cyrtopoiliiim Woodfordii. 



CYBTOPODIUM (Greek for CKCiied roo^ from the shape 

 of the lip). OrchidAce(n, tribe. Vdndem. Epiphytes: 

 stems fusiform, bearing plicate leaves : sepals and petals 

 equal, free ; column semiterete : polUnia 2, caudicle 

 short, gland ovate: scapes radical, bearing numerous 

 flowers, pure yellow or spotted with crimson. Probably 

 two dozen species, widely distributed in the tropics. 

 They are large-growing plants, with large and showy 

 flowers. They need a rich, ttbrous soil with manure. 

 Grow in a warm or tropical house. 



Andersonii, R. Br. Stems 5 ft. high': Ivs. long, lan- 

 ceolate, sheathing at the base: scape often 3 ft. high, 

 branching, bearing many yellow flowers: sepals and 

 petals broad, bright yellow, the labellum brighter, front 

 lobe slightly concave. Specimens with over 100 fls. have 

 been recorded. Tropical Amer. B.M. 1800. 



punctitum, Lindl. Habit as above: scape from 2-3 ft. 

 high, branching about midway, dotted with dull purple, 

 the branches subtended by membranaceous sheathing 

 bracts, which are lanceolate, undulating, and dotted 

 with crimson : sepals oblong-lanceolate, undulate, 

 greenish yellow blotched with crimson; petals similar, 

 spotted at the base; labellum K In. long, fleshy, bright 

 yellow, lateral lobes crimson, midlobe spotted and 

 margined with crimson ; column green. Extensively dis- 

 tributed through S. Amer. B.M. 3507. F.S. 22: 2352.- 

 Var. Saintlegeritaum, Hort. (C. Salntlegericinum , 

 Reich, f.). Has brighter markings on the bracts and 

 flowers. 



WoddSordii, Sims (Cijrtopira Wobdfordll, Lindl.). 



bellum; sepals linear lanceolate; petals oblong. Trinidad, 

 Martinique. B.M. 1814. Oakes Ames. 



CYRTOSPfiRMA (Greek, cxirvul :.■"'). J .-i. ;<•«■. 

 This genus includes a handsome h .irnili'iu^.' mlnrous 

 foliage plant, with large, bast.ii.- i.'l \.iii..| leaves, 

 resembling an Alocasia. Imt (aNiI> .li -i iii:;ui-li. il l.y its 

 spiny stems. It was intniiliir. .1 ini" mil . in l-sofrom 

 the Solomon Islands as J/r...r;/-( .l,-lnisl,<i,i , Iml two 



years later it flowered, ana it I ,iiih' r\ ident Ihat the 



plant was a Cyrtosperma. Tliis plant was ouct adver- 

 tised by Pitcher & Manda as C'yrtemeria, apparently a 

 typographical error, as there is no such genus. Cyrto- 

 sperma has 9 species, remarkably scattered in the tropics. 

 They are herbs with tubers or long rhizomes : leaf and 

 flower-stalks often spiny or warty: Ivs. hastate or sagit- 

 tate; petioles long, sheathing at the base. Culture 

 presumably same as Alocasia. 



J61uistoiu, N. E. Br. (Alocllsia Jihnstoni, Hort.). 

 Tuberous: petiole 2-2% ft. long, olive green, spotted 

 rose, covered with fleshy, spine-like warts: Ivs. sagit- 

 tate, depressed in the middle, iyi-2 ft. long, olive-green, 

 with prominent and beautiful red veins above. I.H. 

 27:395. 



C. Urox, Lind. & N. E.Br., is a second species of this genus, 

 figured in I.H. 39:1.53, but not known to be in the Amer. tr,-ide. 

 It has narrow-sagittate Ivs. on slender, very prickly petioles : 

 spathe rather large, reflexed, greenish white. Borneo, 



CYRT6STACHYS (Greek for areJml spike). Pal- 

 mAci'ir, tribe Arecere. Three Malayan, spineless, piu- 

 nate-leavfd palni«, ■■■omptinip« seen in clioice collections. 

 Theytlirivr .,ri liu- trentm.-nt L'ivrii t,. An-.-aand Chrys- 

 alidocariiii-. >|i;mIi\ I;mi;i>, I i r,i iir li i n - :ind pendent: fls. 

 mona'i'i.Hi-, tl,,' iw.. kin^i- in •■<:•■ ~|..mIi\ -each pistillate 

 accomiMHic .1 l.y two ^tniiiiiiatf^ with ('. stamens. Two 

 species are offered in tliis country : 



R6nda, Blume. Height 25-30 ft. : leaflets linear or 

 ensiforra, obtuse, unequally 2-toothed, delicate gray be- 

 neath, the petioles dark, brownish red. 



L4kka, Becc. Petioles green : Ivs. broad, boldly 

 arched, the leaflets unequally 2-toothed. 



CYSTACAHTHUS (Greek for bladder Acanthus, be- 

 cause the flowers are inflated). AcanlhAeete. Five erect, 

 evergreen herbs of Burma and Cochin China, with 

 showy, sessile fls. in the axils of bracts, the entire iu- 



CYTISUS 



florescence more or less crowded into a terminal panicle 

 orthyrse. Corolla-limb spreading, unequally 5-lobed, the 

 lobes" short-rotund : stamens 2 : style filiform, the stigma 

 2-toothed : Ivs. entire. One species is cult, in the Old 

 World, but is not known to be in the Amer. trade. This 

 is C.tiirgidii, Nicholson, B.M. 6043 a& Meninia hirgida, 

 Pua. It comes from Cochin China; 2 ft. or less high, 

 with prominently jointed stems and opposite, elliptic- 

 lanceolate Ivs.: fls. white, yellow in the throat and pink- 

 reticulated on the lobes. Cult, as other warmhouse 

 Acanthads. {See Aphelandra for example.) Prop, by 

 cuttings of young wood. 



CYST6PTERIS (Greek, bladder-fern). Polypodia- 

 ceie. A small genus of hardy native ferns, with deli- 

 cate foliage, and round -ni, ...v. it, I by a delicate indu- 

 sium which is attach. .1 wnl. r ..n. -i.le and opens at the 

 other, becoming hn,.il hk. m ,i|i|i.anince and finally 

 disappearing. The .'. s; ]es all i.-r..\v in the north tem- 

 perate zone. Of easy culture iu shady, rich borders. 



C. bulbifera, Bemh. Lvs. 8-24 in. long, widest at the 

 base, tripinnatifid, bearing on the under surface of the 

 rachis a series of bulb-like bodies, which germinate and 

 propagate new plants. Thrives best on lime-bearing 

 rocks. Canada to North Carolina. 



C. frigilis, Bemh. Fig. 654. Lvs. clus- 

 tered, 4-8 in. long besides the slender stalks, 

 tripinnatifid, widest above the base. Widely 

 distributed over the world at all altitudes. 

 L. M. Underwood. 



CtTISUS (Greek name for 

 a kind of clover). Legu- 

 inindsw. Broom. Mostly low 

 shrubs, rarely small trees : 

 lvs. trifoliolate, sometimes uni- 

 foliolate, rather small, alter- 

 nate, deciduous or persistent, 

 sometimes few and minute and 

 branches almost leafless : fls. 

 papilionaceous, axillary or in 

 terminal heads or racemes, yel- 

 low,white or purple; sta- 

 mens 10, connate ; style 

 curved : pod flat, dehis- 

 cent, with few or many 

 seeds ; seeds with a cal- 

 lose appendage at the 

 base. About 45 species 

 in S. and M. Europe, Ca- 

 nary Isl., N. Africa and 

 W. Asia. Ornamental 

 free - flowering shrubs, 

 blooming most in early 

 spring and summer. 

 Nearlv hardy north are 

 C. hir'sufus,C. cupUatua, 

 C. scopariiis, C. nigri- 

 cans ,0' .leucanfli its , -while 

 the evergreen species C. 

 OanariensiSy C. candi- 

 cans, C. filipes are hardy 

 only south. Most of the 

 species are well adapted 

 for borders of shrubberies, and thrive in almost any 

 well drained soil and in sunny position; they naturalize 

 themselves often very quickly in dry, gravelly soil, 

 where few other plants will grow; C scopariii.i espe- 

 cially does so. The Cytisus ought to be transplanted 

 carefnllv ntnl >vhen young, as they do not bear trans- 

 j.laiiiin ■ iM M ... .. I. ler plants. Some dwarf species like 

 r. I h ' ^'^'itsiSf glabrescens, purpureus and 



/r " \ handsome for rockeries. The ever- 



i;r. . n ( . (,,,,,,,. //'.SIS and racemosus are much grown 

 in til., n.irth as greenhouse shrubs, blooming profusely 

 in early spring ; also the white-flowering C. albus and 

 filipes make handsome pot-plants, and may be had 

 in bloom in February with gentle forcing. For pot- 

 plants, a light sandy loam with peat ad.led forms a suit- 

 able compost. After flowerni- th.. plants should be cut 

 back and repotted as soon as they start into new growth. 



